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Topic: Denatonium benzoate

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	Denatonium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Denatonium is used in denatured alcohol, antifreeze, nail biting preventions, animal repellents, liquid soaps, and shampoos.
		The structure of denatonium is related to the local anesthetic lidocaine, differing only by the addition of a benzyl group to the amino nitrogen.
		Denatonium is used to denature ethanol so that it is not taxed as an alcoholic beverage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Denatonium_benzoate (429 words)

	NTU Info Centre: Denatonium benzoate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Denatonium benzoate is a white, odourless solid that is used as an aversive agent, i.e.
		Denatonium benzoate, a white crystalline powder like many organic compounds, is not known to pose any long-term health risks although exposure may be irritating.
		Denatonium benzoate is used to denature ethanol so that it's not taxed as an alcoholic beverage.
	www.nowtryus.com /article:Denatonium_benzoate (465 words)

	Denatonium Benzoate: Bitterest chemical - Denatonium benzoate, Denatonium Benzoate 25% Solution in Monoethylene Glycol ...
		Chemically, Denatonium Benzoate is a close relative of the local anesthetic lidocaine – its structure differs from lidocaine by the addition of a single benzyl group.
		Denatonium benzoate solution in alcohol (absolute ethanol), is available diluted even to 50 parts per million of Denatonium benzoate in Absolute Ethanol.
		Denatonium benzoate solution in alcohol is available in concentrations from 20 % Denatonium benzoate solution in Ethanol to 50 parts per million(ppm) Denatonium benzoate in ethanol.
	ctechcorporation.tripod.com /benzoate.htm (710 words)

	Ingredients -- Denatonium benzoate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Denatonium benzoate gets its name from "denatured alcohol", and that is where it is often used.
		Denatonium benzoate is an ester of PABA, and is related to lidocaine, benzocaine, novocaine, and cocaine.
		It is used in deer repellant, nail polish (to discourage nail-biting), paints, antifreeze and windshield washing fluid (to prevent accidental ingestions), and to coat electrical cables to prevent rats from eating the insulation.
	sci-toys.com /ingredients/denatonium_benzoate.html (106 words)

	DENATONIUM BENZOATE - Technical News and Information from RC Pharmachem Ltd:
		Denatonium Benzoate, is an extremely vile tasting, non toxic and odorless substance which makes harmful products taste "YUCK" to children and pets.
		Adding Denatonium Benzoate is the next step that many companies are now taking to protect their customers from accidental poisoning and themselves from expensive litigation.
		These days, companies are adding denatonium benzoate as another way to tell the legislators and courts that they are taking every precaution humanly possible to protect the consumer.
	denatonium.blogspot.com /2005/05/how-are-companies-helping-their.html (186 words)

	New Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Denatonium Benzoate’s extremely bitter properties are highly appreciated to prevent inadvertent ingestion of a large range of chemicals used in the household environment.
		A spillage of this material should be dealt with in such a way as to minimize the accidental circulation of Denatonium Benzoate particles once the water or solvent has evaporated.
		Denatonium Benzoate is perhaps the most bitter substance known to man (1:20,000,000).
	www.ropel.com /DNB4w.htm (859 words)

	Denatonium benzoate Use
		Denatonium benzoate - Pesticide use statistics for 2003
		Top 50 Crops and Sites for for Denatonium benzoate use in California in 2003
		Regional Use for Denatonium benzoate on All Sites in 2003
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_ChemUse.jsp?Rec_Id=PC33477 (943 words)

	Ingredients -- Benzocaine
		Benzocain is an ester, a compound made from the organic acid PABA (para amino benzoic acid) and the alcohol ethanol.
		A small change to lidocaine (adding a benzyl group) makes the molecule denatonium benzoate, the bitterest tasting substance known.
		It is used to denature alcohol, (Specially Denatured alcohol 40, or SD-40, is ethanol denatured (made unfit for drinking) by a tiny amount denatonium benzoate).
	sci-toys.com /ingredients/benzocaine.html (207 words)

	Rats Fail to Discriminate Quinine from Denatonium: Implications for the Neural Coding of Bitter-Tasting Compounds -- ...
		Behavioral-suppression scores for each stimulus concentration were derived by taking the ratio of licks during stimulus trials relative to licks during water trials (only the last 3 sec of the 5 sec trials were used to eliminate the initial sampling response).
		Isoresponse concentrations of denatonium that suppressed licking to the same degree as the array of quinine concentrations were then derived (dashed lines and arrows).
		Note that the substitution of denatonium for quinine had no effect on performance, whereas substitution of NaCl for denatonium substantially disrupted performance initially, but the animals eventually learned the discrimination.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/22/5/1937?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&author1=Spector&searchid=1050685588374_3001&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&journalcode=jneuro (3514 words)

	Groups back U.S. bill to make antifreeze bitter - Boston.com - Washington - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Denatonium benzoate is one of the bitterest substances available and is used in other household products to discourage children from ingesting them.
		Sara Amundson of the Doris Day Animal League told the panel that 1,400 children ingest antifreeze each year, and that as many as 10,000 dogs and cats a year are poisoned by it.
		Manufacturers and distributors of denatonium benzoate would be liable for that agent, while antifreeze manufacturers would continue to be liable for ethylene glycol antifreeze itself, Bye said.
	www.boston.com /news/nation/washington/articles/2005/07/18/groups_back_us_bill_to_make_antifreeze_bitter?mode=PF (368 words)

	Bitter Taste Transduction of Denatonium in the Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus -- Ogura et al. 17 (10): 3580 -- Journal of ...
		In some experiments, denatonium was applied focally to taste cells with a picospritzer during whole-cell recording.
		The involvement of cAMP in the denatonium response was examined by increasing intracellular cyclic nucleotides (using IBMX,
		The identity of the G-protein involved in denatonium transduction in the mudpuppy is moot.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/17/10/3580 (4794 words)

	DENATONIUM BENZOATE - Technical News and Information from RC Pharmachem Ltd: Roger Vail: Information From Answers.com ...
		This blog promotes the use of denatonium benzoate.
		Importantly, it is here to provide information to companies and consumers who are interested in using denatonium benzoate.
		I don't know about being called a "guru", but Denatonium Benzoate is a major passion of ours.
	denatonium.blogspot.com /2005/07/roger-vail-information-from-answerscom.html (247 words)

	Discovery of denatonium benzoate
		Macfarlan Smith discovered denatonium benzoate in 1958, registering it under the Bitrex trademark in the United Kingdom, Canada and the USA later the same year.
		During routine work on local anaesthetics, laboratory staff noticed that the powdered form of denatonium benzoate was extremely bitter.
		Prepared in solution, it was found to be much more potent than the standard alcohol denaturant at the time.
	www.bitrex.com /pages/history.htm (210 words)

	Open Directory - Business: Chemicals: Flavors and Fragrances: Bittering Agents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bitrex - A Brand of Denatonium Benzoate, discovered in 1958 by Macfarlan Smith Ltd. Includes history, technical data, applications, and the campaign for safety.
		RC Pharmachem - Manufacturer of denatonium benzoate, bitterants, and aversive and pharmaceutical intermediates.
		Sentinel - Belgian company providing denatonium benzoate and saccharide in various forms, for use as bittering agents.
	dmoz.org /Business/Chemicals/Flavors_and_Fragrances/Bittering_Agents (150 words)

	Notice No. 832 Formulas for Denatured Alcohol and Rum
		The updates being proposed include replacing the previously named ``Scientific Services Division'' and ``Chemical Branch'' with their new names, removing the only proprietory name listed with the denaturant denatonium benzoate, incorporating an ATF ruling that approves the use of two substitute denaturants, and making other amendments to provide clarity.
		Removal of a Proprietary Name The appearance of the proprietary brand name ``BITREX'' in conjunction with the approved denaturant denatonium benzoate, N.F. may be mistakenly considered a product endorsement by ATF over all other proprietory names.
		Since ``denatonium benzoate, N.F.'' is the actual chemical name for this denaturant, ``BITREX'' is eliminated every where it appears in parts 19 and 21.
	www.wineinstitute.org /reflib/pub/fed/fedregister/formulas_denatured_etoh_rum_nprm.htm (1561 words)

	Musser Forests, Inc. - Product Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Tablets continue to release denatonium benzoate, the repellent and fertilizer for 2 years.
		Analysis is 14% nitrogen, 2% phosphate, 2% potassium, 12% denatonium benzoate.
		As it takes 4 to 6 weeks for ingredients to translocate, these tablets should be used in conjunction with Deer Away.
	www.musserforests.net /prod.asp?p=REPE (227 words)

	Nail Polish Remover with conditioner
		Ingredients: Acetone, water, Dimethicone Copolyol, DMDH Hydantoin, Methylparaben, Denatonium benzoate, CI 17200 and CI 42090
		Denatonium benzoate: This is the most bitter substance ever known.
		CI42090 is a colouring agent (known as FD and C Blue).
	www.chem.ox.ac.uk /course/ityeartwo/html2/polish.htm (169 words)

	What is Denatonium Benzoate? The world’s bitterest known substance - RC Pharmachem Ltd., Australia, anesthetic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		By adding as little as thirty (30) parts of Denatonium Benzoate to one million parts of a liquid, it makes that liquid too bitter to be tolerated by most human subjects.
		The Guinness Book of Records has described this substance as the bitterest compound known to man.
		Because of its aversive reaction, Denatonium Benzoate is increasingly being used as an aversion additive.
	www.rcpharmachem.com /rcpharmachem/denatonium.php (168 words)

	JB Wholesale Pet Supplies-[Product\|695-0100] Fooey! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sodium Benzoate is the sodium salt of Benzoic Acid, an FDA approved polyunsaturated fat that has been used by food manufacturers for over 80 years to inhibit microbial growth.
		Denatonium Benzoate (Bitrex) is the leading bitter safety additive for household, automotive and garden products worldwide.
		Please select the variation you want to purchase from the drop-down box under variation.
	www.jbpet.com /Shopping/product.asp?catalog_name=JBWholesale&product_id=695-0100&category_name=TrainingDevices&cookie_test=1 (304 words)

	Primate Sense of Taste: Behavioral and Single Chorda Tympani and Glossopharyngeal Nerve Fiber Recordings in the Rhesus ...
		for a rejection of denatonium benzoate is higher in rodents than
		The lack of a response to denatonium benzoate corroborates
		Because SOA and denatonium benzoate were not used in all fibers,
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/77/2/978 (6008 words)

	Denatonium Benzoate
		Denatonium Benzoate was first discovered in 1958 during a search for better
		use of Denatonium Benzoate is as a denaturant for Alcohol.
		Select the items that apply, and then let us know how to contact you.
	ntapl.com /DB_prod.htm (161 words)

	LD 599, Page 1 - 122th Legislature, FIRST REGULAR Session (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		propylene glycol unless it includes denatonium benzoate at a
		the formulation of 30 parts per million of denatonium benzoate in
		benzoate if the denatonium benzoate is included in ethylene
	www.mainelegislature.org /legis/bills/billtexts/LD059901-1.asp (297 words)

	Denatonium Benzoate: Bitterest chemical - Denatonium benzoate, Denatonium Benzoate 20% Solution in Absolute Ethanol & ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		N -(2-((2,6-DIMETHYLPHENYL)AMINO) -2-OXOETHYL)-N, N, - DIETHYL-, BENZOATE; AMMONIUM, BENZYLDIETHYL ((2,6-XYLYCARBAMOYL) METHYL), BENZYLDIETHYL ((2,6-XYLYLCARBAMOYL) METHYL) AMMONIUM BENZOATE; N- (2- ((2,6-DIMETHYLPHENYL) AMINO)-2-OXOETHYL-N,N, -DIETHYL- BENZENEMETHANAMINIUM BENZOATE; LIGNOCAINE BENZYL BENZOATE,Denatonium benzoate in water soluble bags,material safety data sheet,MSDS Denatonium benzoate, Denatonium benzoate in Ethanol, Mumbai, Bombay">
		Denatonium Benzoate: Bitterest chemical - Denatonium benzoate, Denatonium Benzoate 20% Solution in Absolute Ethanol & Mono Ethylene Glycol,
		You can also download the Material Safety Data Sheet directly from our server.
	www.ctechcorporation.com /benzoate.htm (728 words)

	Gary Ackerman's Viewpoint - Doris Day Animal League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This bill would require antifreeze to contain Denatonium Benzoate -- the world's most bitter substance - to render antifreeze unpalatable to pets and animals.
		The bill is similar to a successful 10-year-old Oregon law and a recent California law requiring the addition of Denatonium Benzoate to antifreeze sold in quantities of 55 gallons or less.
		In Oregon, the law has successfully discouraged thousands of pets and animals from ingesting large amounts of the soft drink-colored substance.
	www.ddal.org /legislation/viewpoints/ackerman.shtm (429 words)

	Denatonium Benzoate Deer Repellent Product Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Denatonium Benzoate is a bittering or denaturing ingredient in deer repellent that is used in many taste repellents.
		The tablet form is used as a systemic which is absorbed into the plant.
		This ingredient can be found in Deerbusters Systemic Tablets.
	www.deerrepellents.com /bitter.html (51 words)

	Denatonium benzoate,Denatonium Benzoate 25% Solution in Monoethylene Glycol & Alcohol, Denatonium saccharide,Flame ...
		Denatonium benzoate,Denatonium Benzoate 25% Solution in Monoethylene Glycol & Alcohol, Denatonium saccharide,Flame Retardant Master batches, High Temperature Perfumes, Flame retardants, Pigments, Zinc Borate, Rodent Bird and Animal Repellants
		Denatonium benzoate, Pigments (Chrome yellows), Flame Retardants for Paints, plastics, rubber etc, Perfumes for Polymers, Bitterants & aversives for alcohol & pharmaceuticals
		Our speciality chemicals include products like Denatonium Benzoate (the worlds bitterest chemical & dispersions of Denatonium Benzoate in Mono Ethylene Glycol & Ethanol.We also offer Denatonium Benzoate powder in hydro soluble bags.
	business.vsnl.com /whitestar (170 words)

	First Aid at Little River Pet Shop
		First aid lotion for cuts, burns and abrasions with antibacterial action in a non-sticky lotion.
		Includes Lidocaine to deaden the pain and itching, Allantoin to aid in promoting healthy skin, chloroxylenol - an antiseptic to kill germs and Denatonium Benzoate - one of the most bitter substances known to man to prevent licking and chewing.
		Includes Lidocaine to deaden the pain and itching, Allantoin to aid in promoting healthy skin, Benzalkonium Chloride - an antiseptic, Lanolin to moisturize and soften and Denatonium Benzoate - one of the most bitter substances known to man to prevent licking and chewing.
	www.pet-shop.net /html/firstaid.html (370 words)

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