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	Denazification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Denazification (German: Entnazifizierung) was an Allied initiative to rid German and Austrian society, culture, press, economy, judiciary and politics of any remnants of the Nazi regime.
		Denazification was accomplished through a series of directives issued by the Allied Control Council, seated in Berlin, beginning in January 1946.
		The most radical and rapid denazification occurred in the Soviet zone, as it was tied to a fundamental transformation of German society.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Denazification (826 words)

	Chapter XXIV: Neither an End Nor a Beginning
		Denazification cases under Law No. 8 were at their peak in December and January; property control alone threatened to engulf the military government organization; and the detachments were having to observe the campaigns and screen the candidates and voters in the forthcoming elections.
		Denazification had made the Army the warder for dozens of internment camps and made military government the custodian of thousands of Nazi properties, piled up backlogs of Fragebogen and appeals cases in detachment offices, and left to military government officers the jot) of tutoring inexperienced German officials while keeping track of the discharged Nazis.
		The new denazification law, with its provisions for the certification of all German males and females of eighteen years of age and over, and for classification of the population into political categories, bore a revolutionary character.
	www.army.mil /Cmh-Pg/books/wwii/Occ-GY/ch24.htm (7036 words)

	Chapter XXV: Conclusion
		The course of denazification demonstrates how sensitive the objectives of an occupation can be to US public opinion on the one hand, and how vulnerable they can be to resistance by the subjects of the occupation on the other, if they go beyond the limits of the attainable.
		Denazification and the reverse of the coin, democratization, also provide the basis for some observations on the role of an occupation force as an instrument of social and political change.
		Denazification gave the Army the mission of carrying out as radical an experiment in removing a source of international conflict as had been undertaken in modern times.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/other/us-army_germany_1944-46_ch25.htm (2295 words)

	Denazification: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		World war ii was a global conflict that started on 7 july 1937 in asia and 1 september 1939 in europe and lasted until 1945, involving the...
		Denazification was accomplished through a series of directives issued by the Allied Control Council Allied Control Council quick summary:
		The allied control council or allied control authority, known in german as the alliierter kontrollrat, was a military occupation governing body of germany...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/de/denazification.htm (2073 words)

	Germany The Nuremberg Trials and Denazification - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current ...
		In the British and French zones, denazification was pursued with less vigor because the authorities thought it more important to reestablish a functioning bureaucracy in their sectors.
		Denazification was also used as an instrument for seizing the resources of the so-called "class enemy": former Nazis who owned factories or estates were denounced and their property confiscated.
		The denazification process mandated that simpler cases involving lesser offenders be tried before more complicated cases involving officials higher up in the Nazi regime.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/germany/germany_history_the_nuremberg_trials_and_denazification.html (1727 words)

	Max Winkler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By 11 August 1949, however, the main Denazification court in Lüneburg had classified him as "uncharged" and released him.
		Under orders from the new West German government, Winkler was also involved in the Denazification of Universum Film AG.
		Winkler was involved in both the execution of Gleichschaltung of the press and the nationalization of the film industry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Max_Winkler (361 words)

	Denazification Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		What gave me the idea of the wish for "permanent" denazification laws was the rejoicing at their enforcement sixty years after the end of the war.
		Denazification may appear to be only stale history, but it helps us better understand how Iran, one of the few remaining countries of any heft that still publicly calls for the destruction of Israel and for the acquisition of nuclear weapons, may change.
		Denazification was carried out specifically by removing those involved from positions of influence and by disbanding or rendering impotent the associated organizations.
	www.settingtheworldtorights.com /node/499 (5387 words)

	\| Book Review \| History of Education Quarterly, 43.4 \| The History Cooperative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Heidelberg Myth: The Nazification and Denazification of a German University.
		Not the least of these misconceptions, fully exploited in testimonies by professors before the American denazification tribunals and later by the tribunals (Spruchkammer) under German authority, was the oft-repeated claim linking ideological fervor for Nazism to an absence of authentic scholarship.
		Emerging from the author's pen is a harsh judgment of the denazification process and the eventual return to the Heidelberg professorate by former supporters of the regime.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/heq/43.4/br_5.html (1266 words)

	Chapter XXI: Reckonings With the Past
		It was on the gray fringes of denazification that the question of who and what were Nazis vexed military government, as much after V--E Day as when the first municipal appointments were made around Aachen nine months before.
		The mood was not lightened when, in the first week of October, the US zone was hit by a tidal wave of denazification, partly as a result of Law No. 8 and partly -as the law itself had been- as a reaction to the Patton and Schaeffer affairs.
		The OMGUS Denazification Policy Board, taking into account the SS, most of whom were held as prisoners of war, and the SA, the party storm troopers of whom only the leadership had so far been arrested, pointed out that the number to be tried might well be 500,000 rather than 100,000.
	www.army.mil /CMH/books/wwii/Occ-GY/ch21.htm (6075 words)

	Settling Scores: German Music, Denazification, and the Americans, 1945-1953, by David Monod. Introduction. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In fact, it was the decision to end American control over denazification that allowed more traditional musicians to regain their positions within cultural life and first turned art back on a more conservative axis.
		One year after the end of radical denazification, the crippling effect of currency reform completed the reactionary drift, destroying whatever elements of experimentation remained in the mainstream by emptying the concert halls and opera houses.
		Denazification, as it was initially conceived, would have transformed German music life over time, but it was curtailed too soon and so badly that its ultimate impact was overwhelmingly negative.
	uncpress.unc.edu /chapters/monod_settling.html (3585 words)

	UMBC Insights Online - Close Up
		Denazification, she explains, was an important part of the Allies' program to transform Germany from an authoritarian state into a democratic nation that would again cooperate in international life.
		Boehling proposes that because there was not a structural approach to denazification during the U.S. occupation period that there were lasting repercussions for postwar German society as well as for the victims of Nazism and the international community.
		A lot of people make comparisons between that and what denazification was intended to do." Studying German history and the Holocaust is essential so that students can learn what went wrong in history and what needs to be done to try to prevent it from happening again, she says.
	www.umbc.edu /tmp/Insights/closeup.html (489 words)

	The De-Nazification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The basis for the Austrian Denazification legislation was the War Crimes Law of 26th June 1945 as well as the Prohibition Law of 8th May 1945.
		The core for the denazification was the registration of all National Socialists by the authorities.
		Depending on the severity of the activities committed, the date of entry into NSDAP membership, their “associations” as well as the functions held in both state and party during the National Socialist period, penal code sentences and expiation measures were threatened.
	www.linz.at /archiv/nationalsoz/ekapitel13.html (301 words)

	Learning from Post World War II Germany
		Rebecca Boehling, associate professor and graduate director in the Department of History, is researching denazification in post-World War II Germany under Allied occupation.
		Denazification was an important part of the Allies' program to transform Germany from an authoritarian state into a democratic nation that would again cooperate in international life.
		Boehling proposes that because there was not a structural change-oriented, consistent approach to denazification during the U.S. occupation period, there were lasting repercussions for postwar German society as well as for the victims of Nazism and the international community.
	www.umbc.edu /window/boehling.html (359 words)

	New York Times - Denazification \| Furtwängler - Tahra
		On Tuesday, Dec. 17, 1946, Wilhelm Furtwängler was acquitted of Nazi activities by the Berlin denazification Tribunal.
		Toward the end it seemed as though the denazification Tribunal accepted the thesis that if Furtwängler was unsuccessful in his efforts to have the critic punished, then he was innocent, and that if Karajan actually was not as great a conductor as the critic said, then the efforts were not justified.
		The Kommandatura's denazification committee approved the verdict of a German court that last December cleared the 61-yearr-old conductor of charges that he cooperated with the Nazis.
	patangel.free.fr /furt/nyt_en.htm (6772 words)

	Center for Corporate History - Crime and punishment - the denazification process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The main focus of the program was the systematic screening of all former members of the NSDAP - party membership was defined as the criterion for their dismissal from executive positions in industry and from public office.
		Of the 240 remaining Allianz employees in Berlin, 31 were sacked as a result of denazification screening.
		The denazification authorities passed judgment in some 1.2 million cases - more than a million persons were classified as followers.
	history.allianz.com /history/sp/en/themen/kapitel6/index_2.html (242 words)

	Annual 4 Chapter 3 - Simon Wiesenthal Center Multimedia Learning Center
		Second, "denazification" itself was to assist in the implementation of novel educational routines, be elevating to positions of authority democratically minded Germans who would act as well-motivated preceptors.
		Second, denazification lacked credibility to the Germans because not only did the Western and Eastern zonal administrations disagree about its basic concepts and procedures, but the Americans, British, and French differed among themselves, and in the French Zone, to take only one example, there were variations in its execution from Land to Land.
		The blanket failure of political reeducation through the medium of denazification thus produced, at the end of the 1940s, a peculiar set of psycho- political circumstances in which old-style Nazism was given the chance to flourish once again and new fruits of rightist extremism might be harvested.
	motlc.wiesenthal.com /site/pp.asp?c=gvKVLcMVIuG&b=395077 (8109 words)

	Klaus Eisterer, Center for Austrian Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Gruber's point was underscored by the results of the provincial elections of November 1945: 28 percent of the electorate voted for the socialists and 2 percent for the Communist Party, while the vast majority cast their ballots for the conservative Peoples Party.
		Administrative and legal purges (denazification) were meant from the very beginning to be backed up by a cultural, psychological, and spiritual "deintoxication." This was an important fundamental aim of French cultural activities.
		Denazification therefore must not only consist of chasing the Nazis from their posts in the administration, the economic, social or cultural life of this country and in punishing the very guilty ones, but--even more--of eliminating from their heads the smallest remnant of this latent pan-Germanism, National-Socialism being but the latest variety of this [sic !].
	www.cas.umn.edu /wp935.htm (4513 words)

	Center for Corporate History - Denazification - Kurt Schmitt as a case in point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In September 1945 the denazification process was extended to include top business executives.
		The denazification process took up the following four years, during which time Schmitt was not allowed to work.
		He was sentenced to pay a fine as well as the costs of the proceedings.
	history.allianz.com /history/sp/en/themen/kapitel6/index_4.html (234 words)

	Between Acknowledgement and Ignorance: How white South Africans have dealt with the apartheid past - Chapter 2 - Gunnar ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In East Germany denazification resulted in a broad exchange of personnel in the public sphere, including the educational and industrial sector.
		The main argument against the denazification campaign was that it dealt with minor members of the party, who were too harshly treated compared to party leaders.
		The government led by Konrad Adenauer did its best to undo the Allied denazification campaign and successfully lobbied with the support of the german churches for a release of several war criminals held in prisons of the American and British military administration.
	www.wits.ac.za /csvr/papers/papgt2.htm (6193 words)

	AllRefer.com - Germany - The Nuremberg Trials and Denazification - Political Parties and Democratization \| German ...
		One phase of the denazification process dealt with lower-level personnel connected with the Naz i regime.
		The most elaborate procedures were instituted in the United States zone, where investigated individuals were required to complete highly detailed questionnaires concerning t heir personal histories and to appear at hearings before panels of German adjudicators.
		Denazification was also used as an instrument for seizing the resources of the so-called "class en emy": former Nazis who owned factories or estates were denounced and their property confiscated.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/germany/germany37.html (1879 words)

	Harvard University Press: Denazification in Soviet-Occupied Germany
		He argues that Soviet denazification was neither an effective purge of society nor part of a methodical "sovietization" of the eastern zone.
		Instead, in a detailed study, denazification is pictured as a failure, which fell short of its goals and was eventually abandoned by the frustrated Soviet and German leadership.
		The case example of Brandenburg is an effective means of putting "flesh and blood" into the study and giving the reader insight into both broader developments and the human actors who propelled events.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/VOGDEN.html?show=catalogcopy (213 words)

	Harvard University Press: The Heidelberg Myth
		In the first work to examine both nazification and denazification of a major German university, Steven Remy offers a sobering account of the German academic community from 1933 to 1957.
		Deeply researched in university archives, newly opened denazification records, occupation reports, and contemporary publications, The Heidelberg Myth starkly details how extensively the university's professors were engaged with National Socialism and how effectively they frustrated postwar efforts to ascertain the truth.
		This "Heidelberg myth" provided justification for widespread resistance to denazification and the restoration of compromised scholars to their positions, and set the remarkably long-lasting consensus that German academic culture had remained untainted by Nazi ideology.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/REMHEI.html (235 words)

	Oliver Kamm: Chomsky replies in Prospect III
		We have to ask ourselves whether what is needed in the United States is dissent – or denazification.
		Chomsky has quoted just the first sentence, to suggest that he left it an open question whether the US needed "dissent or denazification".
		He asserts that I have misquoted him as opting for "denazification".
	oliverkamm.typepad.com /blog/2005/12/chomsky_replies_2.html (295 words)

	A Pledge Betrayed: The New German Government and Old Nazis
		In 1952, McCloy returned to the United States and became a consultant for the Rockefeller financed Ford Foundation, a foundation that has close ties with the CIA and is closely associated with the Council of Foreign Relations.
		This chapter has presented a wealth of evidence to show that the sabotaging of the denazification program was systematic and proceeded at the highest levels of the occupation army as well as the lower ranks.
		At the center of the sabotaging of the denazification program within the United States were three Wall Street firms: Brown Brothers and Harriman, Dillon and Reed, and Sullivan and Cromwell.
	www.spiritone.com /~gdy52150/betrayalp12.htm (7232 words)

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