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	Deng Xiaoping - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Deng traveled abroad and had a series of amicable meetings with western leaders, traveling to the United States in 1979 to meet President Carter at the White House shortly after the U.S. broke diplomatic relations with the Republic of China and established them with the PRC.
		Deng, however, did little to improve relations with the Soviet Union, continuing to adhere to the Maoist line of the Sino-Soviet Split era that the Soviet Union was a superpower equally as "hegemonist" as the United States, but even more threatening to China because of its closer proximity.
		Deng argued that China was in the primary stage of socialism and that the duty of the party was to perfect "socialism with Chinese characteristics." This interpretation of Chinese Marxism reduced the role of ideology in economic decision-making and deciding policies of proven effectiveness.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Deng_Xiaoping (2569 words)

	Deng Xiaoping, Architect of Modern China, Dies at 92
		He was chosen by Deng and other senior leaders in late June 1989, in the weeks after the crackdown on pro-democracy demonstrators near Tiananmen Square, one of the darkest episodes of Deng's legacy, and yet one in keeping with his deep-seated reliance on authoritarian measures.
		Deng was the last of a generation of leaders who shared the hardships of forging a revolution, proclaimed the People's Republic of China in 1949, and presided over decades of drastic political upheaval.
		Deng oversaw the negotiations that led Britain to agree in 1984 to return its colony of Hong Kong to the sovereignty of China on July 1, 1997, and took many opportunities to proclaim that "one country, two systems" would guide a hands-off approach that would allow Hong Kong to preserve its capitalist economic system.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/world/0220deng-death.html (1964 words)

	deng's theory and destiny of socialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Deng Xiaoping pointed out that, “The greatest superiority of socialism is that it enables all the people to prosper, and common prosperity is the essence of socialism.
		Deng Xiaoping gradually came to have a firm grasp of the essence of socialism.
		Deng Xiaoping therefore emphasized that we must firmly grasp two links at the same time, that is, achieving material progress and simultaneously fostering ideological and ethical progress.
	cpim.org /marxist/200102_marxist_deng_yang.htm (6589 words)

	Jiang Zemin's Report
		Second, Deng Xiaoping Theory, upholding the basic achievements of the theory and practice of scientific socialism, has grappled with the fundamental question of what socialism is and how to build it and incisively expounded the essence of socialism, raising our understanding of socialism to a new scientific level.
		This theory is embodied in the works of Deng Xiaoping and the important documents of the Party and the state written since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.
		Deng Xiaoping's concept of army building in the new period is the continuation and development of Mao Zedong's thinking on military affairs and the scientific guide to building our army and our national defense.
	www.fas.org /news/china/1997/970912-prc.htm (17228 words)

	Deng Xiaoping
		"Leaders," Deng Xiaoping once said, "are men, not gods." To China's 1.2 billion people, the diminutive Deng, who rose to become one of the most significant figures of the 20th Century, was a little of both.
		Deng understood only too well the fickleness of glory, having been exiled to the countryside to labor in a tractor-repair factory during the Cultural Revolution.
		The Secretary, who was informed of Deng's death as she was discussing the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese rule on July 1 with British Foreign Secretary Malcolm Rifkind in London, struck a much firmer note than Clinton had.
	www.time.com /time/deng/dengdaily.html (1243 words)

	Chinese Views of Future Warfare, Part One (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		As opposed to philosophical thinkers, Deng Xiaoping's strategic thoughts were not the result of study; rather, they grew out of practical necessity in the course of leading and planning the unprecedented socialist modernization of the huge Asian country with a quarter of the world's population.
		Deng Xiaoping also had the strategic idea of "one central task and two basic points." That is to say, we should take the socialist modernization construction as the central task, while adhering to the policy of reform and opening up and upholding the four basic principles.
		Deng Xiaoping's comments on the identity of safeguarding the interests of our country with safeguarding the interests of the Chinese nation are comments centered on the unity of the nation, safeguarding the sovereignty and the reunification of the country, as well as the goals of promoting the prosperity of the country.
	www.au.af.mil /au/awc/awcgate/ndu/chinview/chinapt1.html (17276 words)

	Stefan Landsberger's Chinese Propaganda Poster Pages--Deng Xiaoping
		Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997) was born as Deng Xiansheng into a landlord family in Guang'an District, Sichuan province.
		Deng attempted to consolidate his power base but was not yet strong enough to oppose Mao's wife, Jiang Qing and the Gang of Four.
		In November 1992, Deng became dissatisfied with the slow and cautious pace of economic reform that was advocated by conservative leaders such as Li Peng and Yao Yilin.
	www.iisg.nl /~landsberger/dxp.html (1022 words)

	Sample Chapter for Baum, R.: Burying Mao: Chinese Politics in the Age of Deng Xiaoping.
		Thenceforward, Deng Liqun proved to be a constant thorn in the side of Hu Yaobang and his mentor, Deng Xiaoping, sparing no effort to criticize and humiliate the former while (more subtly) sniping at the programs and policies of the latter.
		According to Deng's "theory of one center," economic construction was the country's categorical imperative, the ultimate yardstick against which all programs and policies had to be measured.
		Although Deng's health had also deteriorated, to the point where he could not walk or talk without assistance, and though he was unable to take part in his customary twice-weekly bridge game for more than one hour at a sitting (down from his usual four hours), he remained, at eighty-eight years of age, relatively alert.
	www.pup.princeton.edu /chapters/i5538.html (6986 words)

	People's Daily Online -- Recollections at a great man's home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		The famous "Deng Xiaoping path" was the result of his walking everyday in a place where there was no roads, when he lived in banishment in Jiangxi province.
		Deng Rong: He was the kind of person who considers the macro-level and the overall situation, grasp the key part and neglect the trivial things.
		In accordance with comrade Deng Xiaoping's wish his author remunerations were donated to the undertakings of education and science and technology, his body dedicated to the medical cause, his corneas contributed to patients who need light and his ashes returned to the sea.
	english.peopledaily.com.cn /200408/23/eng20040823_154351.html (5077 words)

	Stefan Landsberger's Chinese Propaganda Poster Pages--Deng Xiaoping Theory
		Deng Xiaoping Theory encapsulates the various policy pronouncements that guided the reform process that started in 1978.
		The Theory can be seen as a major departure from Mao Zedong Thought, as Deng insisted that "economic development is the centre of party work".
		After Deng's death in 1997, Jiang Zemin has been instrumental in having Deng Xiaoping Theory included in the canon of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought.
	www.iisg.nl /~landsberger/dxpt.html (311 words)

	People's Daily Online -- Deng Xiaoping Theory will guide Chinese people forever, says Hu
		Deng Xiaoping Theory will guide Chinese people forever, says Hu Chinese President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao visited an on-going photo, dossier and relics exhibition here Friday afternoon to mark late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping's 100th birthday, which falls on August 22.
		Deng, who died in 1997 at age 92, introduced the reform and opening-up policies in China that paved the way for a market economy.
		Deng Xiaoping made indelible historic contributions to the Communist Party of China (CPC), the nation and the people during more than 70 years of his revolutionary career, and won the love and esteem of all CPC members, soldiers and people of various ethnic groups across the country, Hu said.
	english.peopledaily.com.cn /200408/21/eng20040821_154044.html (289 words)

	Deng Xiaoping
		China commemorates centenary of Deng Xiaoping's birth, by Tian Sulei.
		Deng Xiaoping one of greatest men of 20th century: Kissinger.
		DENG XIAOPING in Beijing 1982 during visit of French communist leader Georges Marchais.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0197697.html (169 words)

	Zhang: Guangdong to uphold Deng's theory - Picture Stories - News Brief - Newsgd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Zhang Dejiang, secretary of the CPC Committee of Guangdong Province, made the comment in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong, where representatives from throughout the province gathered to commemorate the birth centenary of Deng.
		Zhang said the best way to pay respects to Deng was to uphold Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of the "Three Represents," to adhere unyieldingly to the basic guidelines of the Party and to follow unswervingly the socialist road with Chinese characteristics.
		Zhang pointed out that as one of the three greatest historic figures in Chinese history in the 20th century, Deng was the chief architect of China's reform and opening up drive, establishing Deng Xiaoping Theory by combining Marxism with China's reality, and opening the way to socialism with Chinese characteristics.
	www.newsgd.com /news/picstories/200408230047.htm (351 words)

	308S: The Deng Era
		Jiang Zemin, "Hold High the Great Banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory for an All-round Advancement of the Cause of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics to the 21st Century"Report at the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
		Deng Xiaoping*, "Address to Officers at the Rank of General and Above in Command of the Troops Enforcing Martial Law in Beijing," June 9, 1989.
		Deng Xiaoping, "Excerpts from Talks Given in Wuchang, Shenzhen Zhuhai, and Shanghai," January 18 - February 21, 1992.
	www.wellesley.edu /Polisci/wj/308S/dengera.htm (725 words)

	THEORY
		Everett Herald,: Gravity Probe B is designed to prove Einstein's theory of general relativity (known in the business as GR), a concept that stunned the scientific world when it...
		People's Daily,: The study, research and publicity of Deng Xiaoping Theory is of great significance for promoting the construction of a socialist society with Chinese...
		The Scotsman -: The theory seems to fly in the face of the fact that half the City and thousands of private investors spend most of their effort trying to time the market.
	fashion.za-news.com /fashion/THEORY.html (5283 words)

	Now you see him, now you don't (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		In a speech on 22 August Hu spoke of "arming the whole party and educating the whole nation with Deng Xiaoping theory and the 'Three Represents', important at all times and under all circumstances".
		Hu was certainly going all out to remind the Chinese people of his connection with Deng, who chose Hu for the fourth generation leadership to avoid precisely the kind of jockeying for position that has been going on since Hu came to power.
		An unfortunate event since it appears to associate Hu with the kind of crude retouching of history that is associated with the darker days of communism.
	www.janes.com /regional_news/asia_pacific/news/fr/fr040915_1_n.shtml (352 words)

	Commemorating 100th Birth Anniversary of Deng Xiaoping - newsgd.com
		Guangdong, the pioneer of China's opening-up, would not be so prosperous today without Deng Xiaoping, says Zhang Dejiang, Secretary of CPC Committee of Guangdong Province at a gathering to commemorate Deng in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong on Aug. 21st.
		Deng has very important place in China, world history: ex-US president
		Deng bridged China with the world: Zambia's first president
	www.newsgd.com /specials/deng100thbirthanniversary (147 words)

	News & Views - Scientific Theory, Great Banner: Commentary (7/9/2003)
		Comrade Hu Jintao's "July 1" important speech emphatically points out that the "three represents" important thought is a scientific system which comes down in one line with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory and keeps pace with the times, and which is the latest achievement of Marxism in its development in China.
		Since the Fourth Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in June 1989, the modern Chinese Communists represented mainly by Comrade Jiang Zemin, have held aloft the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, accurately grasped the characteristics of the times and scientifically determined the historical bearings of our Party.
		The "three represents" important thought upholds the unity of the Party's maximum and minimum programs and provides us with a new theoretical base for us to stick to the Marxist ultimate goal of struggle and to formulate and implement, in light of reality, the scientific strategy for expediting the development of China's socialism.
	www.chinahouston.org /news/2003709070531.html (435 words)

	People's Daily Online -- 100th Anniversary of Deng Xiaoping's Birth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		The "Giant of the Century" -- Exhibition to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Deng Xiaoping opens at the Hong Kong Exhibition Center, Hong Kong, August 26, 2004.
		Sarney: Deng Xiaoping is one of the greatest men I admired most (08:13, August 23)
		Deng Xiaoping and China's relations with Japan,US and Soviet Union (11:18, August 18)
	english.peopledaily.com.cn /zhuanti/Zhuanti_410.html (547 words)

	Hu's Faustian Bargain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		In his new position as retired senior statesman, he is now formally ensconced, incongruous as it may seem, in the Communist Party pantheon as the co-equal of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping.
		Jiang's "profound contribution" to socialist theory, the so-called 'Important Thought of the 'Three Represents'" -- Mr.
		Jiang's doctrine that says the party must represent entrepreneurs, scientists and cultural figures, not just the proletariat and peasants -- is enshrined as a canonical text.
	www.heritage.org /Press/Commentary/ed092104c.cfm (957 words)

	TIMEasia.com: News -- Made in China: Communism Rules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		An article in the English-language official mouthpiece, the China Daily, goes on to quote a 35-year-old director of one of China's largest science parks, who claims he was "attracted to communism by the scientific nature of Deng Xiaoping Theory."
		To prove the popularity of Deng Xiaoping Theory -- and by extension the Communist Party -- the China Daily article goes on to say that lectures on this topic have been quite popular at local universities.
		The article does not mention that some of these lectures have been packed solely because of mandatory attendance regulations.
	www.time.com /time/asia/news/column/0,9754,129383,00.html (470 words)

	Three Represents, Transnational Cyber-superorganism, Capitalism, and Political Struggles in China
		The local authorities closely monitor the activities of the TVEs, but also provide regulatory support and sometimes access to resources at favorable prices.
		In exchange, in the language of post-structuralist Marxian theory, the TVEs provide the local governments with distributive class payments from their appropriated capitalist surplus value.
		These distributive class payments are a significant revenue source for local government budgets.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/sgabriel/economics/china-essays/16.htm (2895 words)

	No Left Turns Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Xinhua reported the guidelines stipulated that students must take four compulsory courses: basic Marxist theory; Maoism, Deng Xiaoping Theory and ex-president Jiang Zemin’s Theory of Three Represents; modern Chinese history; and moral and basic legal studies.
		Teachers trained by publicity and education departments will introduce the amended curriculum to first-year students on a trial basis from September before it is formally rolled out nationwide a year later.
		Beijing introduced moral and ideology classes at schools in 1985 and the curriculum was revised in 1998 with greater emphasis on Marxism and Deng Xiaoping Theory.
	noleftturns.ashbrook.org /default.asp?archiveID=6438 (3574 words)

	Foreign Leaders Send Telegraphs to Their Chinese Counterpart on the Centenary of Deng Xiaoping's Birth
		Foreign Leaders Send Telegraphs to Their Chinese Counterpart on the Centenary of Deng Xiaoping's Birth
		On the occasion of the centenary of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's birth, Armenian President Robert Sedrakovich Kocharyan, Turkmen President Saparmurat Niyazov, Tajik President Emomali Rakhmonov and Moldavian President Vladimir Voronin sent telegraphs to their Chinese counterpart Hu Jintao respectively, cherishing the memory of the tremendous contributions by Deng Xiaoping and paying high tribute to him.
		They wished the Chinese people even greater achievements on the road of putting Deng Xiaoping Theory into practice.
	www.chinaembassy.ee /eng/dtxw/t155046.htm (102 words)

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