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Topic: Denomination (currency)

In the News (Sat 18 May 13)

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	U.S. Treasury - FAQs: Denominations of Currency
		The purpose of the United States currency system is to serve the needs of the public and these denominations meet that goal.
		Our present currency in circulation satisfies the public at large, and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) has no plans to change the denominations in use today.
		The largest denomination of currency ever printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) was the $100,000 Series 1934 Gold Certificate featuring the portrait of President Wilson.
	www.treas.gov /education/faq/currency/denominations.shtml (715 words)

	Method for verifying the denomination of currency - Patent 4041456
		A currency denomination to be verified is scanned over the predetermined segment and a pattern is generated representative of such segment.
		The pattern of the scanned currency denomination is compared with a stored pattern of the same denomination and a quantitative function indicative of the amount of comparison between the patterns is generated.
		Associated with each of the bill denomination columns are scratchpad memories or a random access memory summation table 35 with each location in the memory being the individual summation of the results of the comparisons in the associated column.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4041456.html (3890 words)

	Multi-denomination currency validator employing a plural selectively-patterned reticle - Patent 4645936
		A detection system for utilization with a paper security or currency validation apparatus wherein a correlation is made between reference patterns and cross hatch lines located in the portrait background on the paper and the presence of one of two paper currencies is determined.
		The currency validation apparatus as recited in claim 5 which further includes circuit means connected to each photodetector, receiving output signals from the associated photodetector, and thereby determining the authenticity of paper tendered as valid currency of a particular denomination.
		The reticle assembly and paper currency are placed into relative linear motion such that the reference patterns of the reticle and the cross hatch pattern in the background of the portrait on a U.S. note are made to pass over each other, resulting in degrees of alignment and misalignment therebetween.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4645936.html (1671 words)

	[No title]
		The denomination numeral is printed in all four corners of the note on both front and back, with the exception of the $5 bill, which has the word "FIVE" in place of the numerals on the lower part of the back side.
		In the context of currency identification, this means that accuracy in identification of six denominations is likely to be improved if two dimensions are used for coding (e.g., length and texture, or length and edge profile as in coinage).
		There are also several countries using tactile denomination symbols, such as printed bars or shaped grids of small dots, on their banknotes, and visually disabled people in these countries can use these marks to recognize and denominate the banknotes.
	www.empowermentzone.com /currency.txt (18501 words)

	allAfrica.com: Ghana: The Re-Denomination of the Cedi - Is It Necessary? (Page 1 of 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		According to Databank research desk, currency re-denomination refers to the situation whereby the currency administration of a country (ie the government or an independent central bank) decides to re-calibrate the respective country's currency.
		Currency re-denomination does not affect intrinsic value of the respective currency hence the purchasing power of the currency is not affected in any way.
		The most telling economic implication of conducting a currency re-denomination exercise is that it helps to increase confidence in the economy and sends a signal to both the local community and the international markets that high inflation and general macro-economic instability are a thing of the past.
	allafrica.com /stories/200701300707.html (714 words)

	BNA Tax Management Memorandum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Consistent with the non-foreign currency rules, a net positive adjustment is treated as additional interest on the instrument in the denomination currency.
		The adjusted issue price is equal to the debt instrument's issue price in the denomination currency, increased by the interest previously accrued on the debt instrument and decreased by the amount of any non-contingent payment and the projected amount of any contingent payment previously made on the instrument.
		Foreign currency gain or loss is recognized on the date payment is made or received with respect to the instrument under the principles of the proposed regulations.
	www.bnatax.com /tm/jc_memorandum_vol45no09.htm (6773 words)

	Automatic currency identification system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Additionally, if the currency was even partially mutilated, cut or smeared, the prior art devices would not be able to provide an identification of the currency and the currency was rejected.
		A further object of the present invention is to provide an automatic currency identifying system which scans the currency and stores the scanned information to compare the stored scanned information with predetermined standard information, thereby permitting identification of the currency "on the fly" and permitting more time for analysis and processing of the data.
		As the bill passes the detectors 48, the denomination is identified and the result used to control a lever having a first position 50 shown in solid lines, and a second position 52 shown in dotted lines.
	www.sacnewsmonthly.com /invent/linear_compressor/automatic_currency_identification_system.html (5175 words)

	Bank of Jamaica \| Currency Structure Policy
		The Bank of Jamaica recognizes that the country needs an appropriate and balanced denominational structure to ensure a currency that is convenient for the public to use and is efficient for the issuing authority.
		Sometimes there are denominations of coins, which are not popular with members of the public and this results in very low usage of the particular coin.
		When decimalization of the island's currency took place in 1969, one of the recommendations, which had been accepted, was that the portraits of national heroes and designs featuring our national symbols should appear on the currency.
	www.boj.org.jm /currency_policy.php (995 words)

	The Korea Times : Ministry Rules Out Re-Denomination of Currency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In a report to the governing Uri Party, the ministry said currency re-denomination and issuance of higher face-value banknotes at this time could have a negative impact on the economy, which is already reeling from high oil prices and the won’s strength against the U.S. dollar.
		The ministry’s stance on currency reform is in contrast to that of the Bank of Korea (BOK), which has been pushing for currency re-denomination and issuance of 50,000-won and 100,000-won bills as part of efforts to boost the status of the won on global markets.
		Former BOK Governor Park Seung said that the country should go ahead with currency re-denomination to meet various changes in the global economic environment and boost the international status of Korean currency.
	times.hankooki.com /lpage/biz/200610/kt2006100919164611900.htm (520 words)

	RR-2748: ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY (FINANCIAL MARKETS) GARY GENSLER HOUSE SUBCOMMITTEE ON DOMESTIC AND ...
		Under legislation passed in 1918, however, we are authorized to issue currency in denominations of $500, $1,000, $5,000 and $10,000.
		Most of the U.S. currency that is held abroad is $100 bills, and we estimate that approximately 75 percent of $100 bills are held abroad.
		For example, Currency Transaction Reports provide information to law enforcement on large cash transactions at financial institutions in the U.S. When criminals are deterred from placing illicit proceeds directly into the U.S. financial system, they often seek to hide it and transport it for placement in the financial system outside the United States.
	www.ustreas.gov /press/releases/rr2748.htm (1085 words)

	Vanguard - Columns : How N1,000 note'll affect your pocket
		In view of the minimum available currency denomination of N5.00, some cynics may argue that the new policy only seeks to legitimize the obtuse and pump attendant friendly system that is already in place in our culture.
		The inflationary push attributed to introduction of large currency denominations may reduce confidence in the naira and detract from its function as a steady store of value, and this may in turn encourage capital flight to perceived stable currencies.
		A rapidly depreciating currency will require higher denominations of currency to avoid the need to use a wheelbarrow to carry cash for such mundane activities as shopping for domestic grocery; we recall for instance the relatively ‘high value’ of the N20 note when it was introduced.
	www.vanguardngr.com /articles/2002/columns/rational/rt07032005.html (1443 words)

	Back to metallic currency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		For small denomination currency units, and for sub-divided units, metal coins were still considered suitable, particularly if the climate was humid and the cash circulation was meager.
		The real problem was that of the large denomination notes, the replacement cost of which had become quite prohibitive.
		We reversed the wheel of the time to recede to the metal age when the world had already leapt forward from paper currency to the cheque currency, and was fast moving ahead from the cheque currency to the plastic currency.
	www.pakistaneconomist.com /issue2001/issue36/f&m3.htm (1203 words)

	Online edition of Sunday Observer - News
		The need for a higher denomination currency note is increasingly felt today since GDP has risen to a still higher level of Rs.
		It is also important to note that currency printing is a specialized operation which requires careful designing, inclusion of security features and obtaining a feed back from the general public as to the acceptance of the design and security features.
		The CBSL wishes to emphasise that the decision to print a higher denomination note was taken in year 2000 and the process was completed in 2005 in a transparent manner with all necessary approvals from the Monetary Board and the former Minister of finance as stipulated in the MLA.
	www.sundayobserver.lk /2005/12/25/new24.html (464 words)

	BOH - US Currency
		Following the $100 bill, lower denominations ($50, $20, $10, etc.) are being introduced at the rate of about one denomination per year.
		In 1990, U.S. currency was enhanced with an important new feature--the security thread that runs vertically through the left side of the note--but the currency's appearance remained largely unchanged.
		The basic design of all denominations reflects the same concept, so that it will be obvious that they belong to the same family.
	www.bankofhanover.com /other/uscurrency.htm (809 words)

	The Re-Denomination of the Cedi - Is It Necessary?
		This makes it impossible for the central bank to play one of its key roles, which is to act as a lender of last resort to deposit money Banks (DMBs), which may lead to lack of confidence in the financial system.
		Economic policies is also affected by currency substitution because the central bank or government (depending on whether central bank is independent or not) loses control of its ability to use monetary as an economic policymaking instrument, leaving economic policy to be influenced instead by other central banks and international financial markets.
		The gravity of the situation is more pronounced when citizens completely substitutes their currency for another currency (full dollorization).
	news.tradingcharts.com /forex/5/6/88683465.html (949 words)

	Currency Re-denomination
		Before, they are even introduced, all the pesewas, whether in paper form or coins, have already lost their values and this will be followed by the IGHC.
		The best approach is to remove three zeros, as I said before, and cancel some of the pesawas to bring overall denominations to about eight.
		I think the Governor needs to answer to the public why re-denominating 10,000 cedis to one new Ghana cedi is better than 1000 cedis to one Ghana cedi.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=115741 (616 words)

	Counterfeit
		One common method is to glue numerals from high denomination bills to the corners of a note of lower denomination.
		Compare the denomination numerals on each corner with the denomination written out at the bottom of the note (front and back) and through the Treasury seal.
		Photographic or other likenesses of United States and foreign currencies are permissible for any non-fraudulent purpose provided the items are reproduced in fl and white and are less than 3/4 or greater than 1 1/2 times the size, in linear dimension, of any part of the original item being reproduced.
	www.umkc.edu /adminfinance/police/tips/Counterfeit.asp (1429 words)

	IFC Treasury - Overview of Local Currency Loans and Hedges
		Companies with revenues in local currency should generally borrow in their local currency, instead of borrowing in a foreign currency which leads to currency risk.
		IFC provides local currency debt financing in three ways: (1) loans from IFC denominated in local currency; (2) risk management swaps which allow clients to hedge existing or new foreign currency denominated liabilities back into local currency; and (3) Structured Finance which enable clients to borrow in local currency from other sources.
		The currency swap can be tailored so that currency payments from IFC to the client exactly offset currency payments owed by the client under the foreign currency borrowing.
	www.ifc.org /ifcext/treasury.nsf/Content/LocalCurrencyFinancing (500 words)

	Engineering Services - Currency Verification
		The soil sensor is an Electro-optical device which illuminates currency at specific points along the note and measures the reflected light to determine the brightness level.
		An instrument was developed to denominate currency embedded with a COMET® thread pattern in high-speed transport applications.
		The DSP also had to perform signal conditioning to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, which was degraded by artifacts such as the transport belts rubbing the front of the sensor and the inconsistent pressure of the note against the front of the sensor.
	www.scepter.net /projects/money.htm (1001 words)

	Bureau of Engraving and Printing
		Currency notes of denominations above $100 are not available from the Department of the Treasury, the Federal Reserve System, or the Bureau of Engraving and Printing.
		On July 14, 1969, the Department of the Treasury and the Federal Reserve System announced that currency notes in denominations of $500, $1,000, $5,000, and $10,000 would be discontinued immediately due to lack of use.
		These notes are legal tender and may be found in circulation today; however, most notes still in circulation are probably in the hands of private numismatic dealers and collectors.
	www.bep.treas.gov /section.cfm/5/42 (162 words)

	SSRN-The Currency Denomination of Public Debt and the Choice of the Monetary Regime by Elisabetta Falcetti, Alessandro ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		If delegation of monetary policy is viable, the optimal policy is to issue conventional debt so as to reduce the cost of supply shocks and thus the need for policy accommodation.
		Probit estimates show that the decision to issue foreign currency debt significantly reduced the likelihood of an official realignment within the ERM.
		Falcetti, Elisabetta and Missale, Alessandro, "The Currency Denomination of Public Debt and the Choice of the Monetary Regime" (June 1999).
	papers.ssrn.com /paper.taf?abstract_id=169068 (338 words)

	JetScan Currency Scanner for the Financial and Banking Industry
		Fitness settings are user-selectable and can be easily adjusted to different sorting levels, for instance a higher quality level sort for ATM currency, and a lower level sort for currency designated for tellers.
		Ideal for higher volume applications, two full capacity pockets allow faster currency processing and/or simultaneous currency processing such as facing and strapping with "stranger" mode activated to find any "misplaced" bills.
		Ideal for sorting fit from unfit currency, with selectable fitness sorting levels based upon the currency's designation, for example ATM or teller usage.
	www.cumminsallison.com /financial/jetscan.htm (499 words)

	OEM Currency Dispensers : FUJITSU Canada
		Security, convenience, ease of use and reliability are all attributes end-users look for in currency dispensing products they use and trust.
		Fujitsu’s family of OEM currency dispensers have the quality, reliability, and advanced feature functionality required to offer true value-add and control the up-front design and recurring product support / maintenance cost.
		According to Venture Development Corporation (Jan ’06 publication) Fujitsu Transaction Solutions Inc is # 1 OEM currency dispenser supplier in North America for kiosks.
	www.fujitsu.com /ca/en/services/retailing/oem (390 words)

	:: Daily Mirror - FINANCIAL TIMES ::
		The need for a higher denomination currency note is increasingly felt today since GDP has risen to a still higher level of LKR 2,029,411 million in 2004”.
		The word “inflation” or the phrase “value of a unit of currency” is not mentioned anywhere in the press release.
		They are saying “Mate, the value of our currency has halved over the last few years, so you need to have double the amount of cash to purchase the same amount of stuff”.
	www.dailymirror.lk /2005/12/27/ft/02.asp (1265 words)

	Vehicle currency use in international trade
		Although currency invoicing in international trade transactions is central to the transmission of monetary policy, the forces motivating the choice of currency have long been debated.
		The model is designed to contrast the contribution of macroeconomic variability with that of industry-specific features in the selection of an invoice currency.
		The dollar is also extensively used as a vehicle currency in international trade flows that do not directly involve the United States.
	ideas.repec.org /p/fip/fednsr/200.html (1114 words)

	thecurrencyhouse.com
		We also stock other US currency such as Nationals, Silver certificates and large size type notes.
		We also carry Gold Certificates and ultra-high denomination notes, that is $5,000 and $10,000 notes.
		We travel the country from coast to coast attending conventions, auctions and acquiring notes from private collections, so that we can offer you the best selection of high denomination notes.
	www.thecurrencyhouse.com (226 words)

	Euro currency denomination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		This entry is your key to the banks own country, usually currency of deposit euro currency denomination in.
		More euro currency denomination from translations mentioned in a currency that is a deposit.
		If you are located outside their own country, usually currency euro currency denomination of these markets.
	eurocurrency.signsandtees.com /euro-currency-denomination.html (680 words)

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