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Topic: Density altitude

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Pressure altitude

Density of air

Standard atmosphere

Density

Standard conditions for temperature and pressure

International Civil Aviation Organization

Airspeed

Standard temperature and pressure

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	Density altitude - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Density altitude is the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere at which the air density would be equal to the actual air density at the place of observation.
		"Density Altitude" is the pressure altitude adjusted for non-standard temperature.
		Thus in hot and humid conditions the density altitude at a particular location may be significantly higher than the geometric altitude.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Density_altitude (152 words)

	Altitude - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum.
		Above a transition altitude, which varies by nation, pressure altitude is used to set the altimeter.
		Density altitude is the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) at which the air density is equal to local conditions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Altitude (595 words)

	DENSITY ALTITUDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Density altitude is a crucial criterion that determines the performance capabilities of an aircraft.
		Density altitude is not to be confused with pressure altitude, indicated altitude, true altitude or absolute altitude, and is not to be used as a height reference, but will be used as determining criteria for the performance capabilities of the aircraft.
		Pressure altitude is 4,950 feet; and temperature, 97 degrees F. Enter the graph at 4,950 feet and move across to 97 degrees F. Density altitude is 8,200 feet (marked "2" on graph).
	www.nw.faa.gov /ats/zdvartcc/high_mountain/density.html (1023 words)

	Gas Density
		Since density is defined to be the mass divided by the volume, density depends directly on the size of the container in which a fixed mass of gas is confined.
		Turning to the larger scale, the density is a state variable of a gas and the change in density during a process is governed by the laws of thermodynamics.
		Density is a scalar quantity; it has a magnitude but no direction associated with it.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/fluden.html (1004 words)

	Density Altitude Calculator - English
		Density altitude is defined as the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere that has the same air density as the air being evaluated.
		Example: at 5050 feet altitude, 95 deg F air temp, 29.45 inches-Hg altimeter setting and a dew point of 67 deg F, the Density Altitude is calculated as 9252 feet.
		The density of the air is reduced by decreased air pressure, increased temperatures and increased moisture.
	wahiduddin.net /calc/calc_da.htm (453 words)

	Density Altitude (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Regardless of the actual altitude at which the airplane is operating, its performance will be as though it were operating at an altitude equal to the existing density altitude.
		Using temperature correction data from tables or graphs, or by deriving the density altitude with a computer, it may be found that the density level is above 7,000 feet, and the ground run may be closer to 1,000 feet.
		Density altitude can be computed by applying the pressure altitude and outside air temperature at flight level to a navigation computer.
	avstop.com /AC/FlightTraingHandbook/DensityAltitude.html (360 words)

	Density Alt
		Density altitude is a term that sometimes causes confusion.
		Density altitude is defined as the pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature variations.
		Density altitude not only affects the takeoff distance and rate of climb, but also applies to the service ceiling of the airplane while en route.
	www.mountainflying.com /densityalt.htm (525 words)

	USATODAY.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In addition to a basic discussion of air density, we will also describe the effects of lower air density – such as caused by going to high altitudes – on humans, how humidity affects air density – you might be surprised – and the affects of air density of aircraft, baseballs, and even racing cars.
		In the free atmosphere, the air's density decreases as the air is heated.
		The air's density is highest at low elevations when the pressure is high and the temperature is low, such as on a sunny but extremely cold, winter's day in Alaska.
	www.usatoday.com /weather/wdenalt.htm (1462 words)

	ch8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Density altitude refers to a theoretical air density which exists under standard conditions of a given altitude.
		In fact, under certain gross weight and density altitude conditions, a helicopter may not have sufficient power to lift off vertically, in which case, if takeoff is made, it would have to be a running takeoff.
		From the density altitude at the left side of the chart, move horizontally across until the line intersects the diagonal line on the right-hand chart.
	avstop.com /AC/BasicHelicopterHandbook/ch8.html (4088 words)

	Plane & Pilot Magazine \| Don't Be Dense About Density Altitude
		Density altitude is commonly referred to as the actual altitude at which the plane “feels” it’s flying.
		For example, a field with a pressure altitude of 5,000 feet, 37 degrees C and zero percent humidity bears a density altitude of around 8,600 feet.
		Considering how important density altitude is for the ability of the wing, the propeller(s) and the engine to do their jobs, pilots should always go the distance and check it prior to flying.
	www.planeandpilotmag.com /content/2005/may/density_altitude.html (1670 words)

	Equations - Air Density and Density Altitude
		The density altitude is the altitude at which the density of the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) is the same as the density of the air being evaluated.
		Density altitude has been a convenient yardstick for pilots to compare the performance of aircraft at various altitudes, but it is in fact the air density that is the fundamentally important quantity, and density altitude is simply one way to express the air density.
		The definition of density altitude is the altitude at which the density of the 1976 International Standard Atmosphere is the same as the density of the air being evaluated.
	www.wahiduddin.net /calc/density_altitude.htm (3829 words)

	Aircraft Performance
		Density altitude is a way of relating the density of the air you are in compared to the standard atmosphere.
		The reason that you need to convert your actual nonstandard altitude (and thus your nonstandard air density) to the standard density altitude is that all performance charts and data is based on a standard atmosphere.
		Density Altitude uses Pressure Altitude as a basis, and adds in a correction factor for nonstandard temperature.
	webusers.warwick.net /~u1007204/gs/perf.html (1996 words)

	Racing Systems Analysis - RSA Members (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Density Altitude is also sometimes called Relative Altitude or Corrected Altitude, but I prefer the name Density Altitude, since this calculated parameter is intended to describe the ambient air density.
		Simply stated, Density Altitude is the MSA elevation having the same air density as the local, measured atmospheric weather conditions.
		Remember the definition of Density Altitude, it is simply the MSA elevation having the same air (or oxygen) density as the local, measured atmospheric conditions.
	www.quarterjr.com /members/weathertech2.htm (872 words)

	NAPPF Density Altitude
		With summer here, you need to recognize that there are differences in density altitude and understand how it changes your flying.
		Yet, because of the unescapable influence density altitude has on aircraft and engine performance, it is important for every pilot to understand its effects.
		The published performance criteria in the Pilot's Operating Handbook is generally based on standard atmospheric conditions at sea level (59 degrees F to 15 degrees C and 29.92 inches of mercury).
	www.nappf.com /nappf_density_altitude.htm (1223 words)

	Density Altitude by Linda Breneman
		Density altitude is a calculation to help pilots compensate for the fact that air is not consistently dense.
		The density altitude calculation is affected by the weight of the aircraft and its power, as well as the air temperature, the humidity, and the altitude.
		He said visibility and density altitude are important factors, and if there’s any doubt at all, he doesn’t go.
	www.ascentaspirations.ca /densityaltitude.htm (3120 words)

	Automotive Density Altitude Calculator
		It determines and indicates how the air density is affected by the temperature and water content of the air.
		Density altitude is defined as the pressure altitude corrected for the effects of temperature and humidity.
		The density altitude is a calculated (as opposed to measured) value based on the air temperature, pressure deviation and the water content of the air.
	www.csgnetwork.com /densaltcalc.html (282 words)

	Weather Tutorial Page 2f - Atmosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Density altitude is perhaps the most critical to an airplane's performance during takeoff and landing.
		Density altitude is a comparison between the air density at your aircraft's current altitude to the standard atmosphere where the air density is the same.
		It is crucial for a pilot to know the density altitude of the airport at which takeoff and landings are planned.
	virtualskies.arc.nasa.gov /weather/tutorial/tutorial2f.html (708 words)

	D.A. Overkill
		Power required for a helicopter is based on the prevailing density altitude (DA) which is defined as the altitude corresponding to a particular air density in the standard atmosphere.
		That is, as the density of the air decreases the density altitude increases.
		The three variables that determine the air density are pressure altitude, temperature and relative humidity.
	www.safetycenter.navy.mil /media/approach/vault/articles/0174.htm (775 words)

	Density
		The beauty of the airspeed indicator is that it "compensates" for Density Altitude.
		If the air is less dense because of Density Altitude, the pitot tube will just require that more air be rammed into it for a given airspeed- ie, a faster relative airspeed.
		During the approach and landing phase in high Density Altitude operations be aware that your groundspeed will be considerably higher than you are used to because of your higher actual airspeed.
	stoenworks.com /Density.html (1158 words)

	Earth Atmosphere Model - English Units
		Thus the air temperature is highest near the surface and decreases as altitude increases.
		The air density depends on both the temperature and the pressure through the equation of state and also decreases with increasing altitude.
		In each zone the density r is derived from the equation of state.
	www.lerc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/atmos.html (613 words)

	density wave - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about density wave
		In the density wave theory, stars in a spiral galaxy move in elliptical orbits in such a way that they crowd together in waves of temporarily enhanced density that appear as spiral arms.
		The idea was first proposed by Swedish astronomer Bertil Lindblad in the 1920s and developed by US astronomers Chia Lin and Frank Shu in the 1960s.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /density+wave (134 words)

	CALLBACK 296 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The density altitude was significantly higher than it had been in the last several months.
		Keeping the high density altitude in mind, apparently one thing that we could have done to produce more power [would have been to] lean the mixture for takeoff....
		In general, when the density altitude exceeds 5,000 feet, normally aspirated engines should be leaned for optimum performance.
	asrs.arc.nasa.gov /callback_issues/cb_296.htm (1709 words)

	Altitude Adjustment
		Density altitude is expressed as an altitude figure, such as 1,000 feet.
		This refers to the level of oxygen present in the air at that altitude with the temperature at 60 degrees F, with a standard pressure of 29.92, and dry air, or zero percent humidity.
		Increased altitude reduces the amount of oxygen in the air, which is why carbureted cars tuned for sea level run rich when driving over the summit at the top of the Rocky Mountains just outside Denver, Colorado.
	www.chevyhiperformance.com /techarticles/67678 (1792 words)

	Dropzone.com Skydive Forums: Skydiving: Safety and Training: Density-Altitude
		The datum point for ISA is 59 degrees Fahrenheit (15°C), with a pressure of 29.92 inches of mercury (1013mb) at sea level.
		Since kinetic energy increases at the square of the velocity, for each 1000 ft increase in density-altitude, the landing rollout (or the energy required to be absorbed by your legs) will increase by 4 percent.
		Density altitude is more important in considering airfoil performance.
	www.dropzone.com /cgi-bin/forum/gforum.cgi?post=128089 (1034 words)

	Back to Basics – High Density Altitude (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The second issue arising from a discussion of aircraft performance at varying altitudes is density altitude.
		Using a density altitude table, we find that the density altitude is approximately 6,650 feet.
		However, using the density altitude rather than the pressure altitude in the chart, the ground roll will be 1,850 feet and the obstacle distance will be 3,805 feet; an increase in takeoff distance of 350 and 910 feet respectively.
	www.swaviator.com /html/issueMA02/basics3402.html (797 words)

	Density Altitude
		Below is a density altitude spreadsheet I made (in MS Excel format) to save me the trouble of doing the math.
		The part on the bottom about incorporating the humidity into the density altitude is not accurate (it over-compensates).
		Disclaimer: The purpose of this spreadsheet is to automate the calculations for density altitude and not to alleviate the pilot's responsibility to use good judgment at all times.
	members.cox.net /mpread/Aviation/density.htm (296 words)

	Altronics Inc Weather Stations
		A density altitude measurement can easily be off many hundred feet when considering a change in the percent of oxygen in the atmosphere.
		The density altitude and oxygen altitude will automatically be stored with each run if an oxygen sensor has been installed.
		When trying to use standard weather instruments (digital or mechanical) one would be lucky to compute density altitude within a few hundred feet of the actual.
	www.altronicsinc.com /pages/eclipse.html (993 words)

	High-altitude KAP
		The force that holds a kite up is determined by wind speed and air density acting on the lifting surface of the kite.
		Lower air density means there are fewer or lighter molecules (per air volume) to flow over the kite's lifting surface.
		The relationship of pressure, temperature, and humidity can be understood in terms of the density altitude, which is the equivalent "standard altitude" based on actual conditions at a site.
	www.geospectra.net /kite/weather/h_altit.htm (872 words)

	Density Altitude Thermometer Available from Sporty's
		Density Altitude can reach critical levels seriously affecting aircraft performance especially during the summer months.
		All you have to do is specify your airport's field elevation when ordering and a custom decal is affixed to the thermometer to display the estimated density altitude for your airport.
		The Density Altitude Thermometer [B3511A] is available for $34.95 and may be ordered at sportys.com or by calling Sporty's at 1.800.SPORTYS or 513.735.9000 or by faxing 513.735.9200.
	www.sportys.com /press/printer.cfm?id=217 (156 words)

	Quiz #53 -- Density Altitude
		Every pilot knows that aircraft takeoff and landing performance varies with field elevation, temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, runway slope, wind velocity, wind shear, turbulence, etc. Some of these factors are consolidated into the quantifiable term "density altitude," which then can be used to help predict aircraft performance (or lack thereof).
		A solid knowledge of density altitude -- what it is, how it's determined, and the effects that it has on aircraft performance -- is essential for all pilots.
		Using the same bank angle and distance from the runway as usual, the pilot finds that after turning final the aircraft is not aligned with the runway centerline.
	www.avweb.com /programs/quiz.cgi/brain/quiz0053.html (768 words)

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