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Topic: Deoxycholic acid

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Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde

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Baron Glendyne

	EIU-BioSci poster 042 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Microbial Metabolism of Deoxycholate in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract.
		The enzyme 12a-HSDS is specific for deoxycholic acid and catalyzes the conversion of deoxycholic acid to 12-ketodeoxycholic acid in the presence of NAD+ (Figure 2).
		-HSDS catalyzes the conversion of deoxycholic acid to 12-ketodeoxycholic acid in the presence of NAD
	www.eiu.edu /~biology/posters/2004/poster_042.htm (903 words)

	An N-acyl glycyltaurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid in the biliary bile acids of the rabbit -- Hagey et al. 39 (11): ...
		An N-acyl glycyltaurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid in the biliary bile acids of the rabbit
		3% of deoxycholic acid was conjugated, in N-acyl linkage, with
		in the biliary bile acids of the rabbit.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/abstract/39/11/2119 (433 words)

	Bile acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals.
		The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12.
		In humans, the most important bile acids are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, and their conjugates with taurine and glycine (glycocholate and taurocholate).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bile_acid (184 words)

	Deoxycholic Acid
		In nature, deoxycholic acid, which is referred to as a \"secondary bile acid\", is produced in the intestine from the salts of glycocholic and taurocholic acid (see cholic acid) by the action of bacterial enzymes.
		Deoxycholic acid is extracted from cattle bile, which is a by-product of the meat processing industry.
		An emerging use of deoxycholic acid is as a biological detergent to lyse cells and solubilise cellular and membrane components.
	www.nzp.co.nz /products.php?cid=1&pid=2 (177 words)

	Influence of pH on the phase distribution of nascent deoxycholic acid in fresh human cecal aspirates -- Thomas et al. ...
		the solubility of the bile acid, its pH of precipitation, and
		Bile acid absorption from the colon is predominantly via the non-ionic route (15, 19, 24, 25).
		Characterization of the kinetics of the passive and active transport mechanisms for bile acid absorption in the small intestine and colon of the rat.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/2/G371 (2898 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Therefore, the ionization properties of conjugated bile acids with glycine or taurine are determined by the acidity of the glycine or taurine substituent.
		Deoxycholic acid and cholic acid have solubilities of 0.
		Bile acids, particularly ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, 7-keto lithcholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and taurochenodeoxycholic acid among others, are especially insoluble in the gastric juices and in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/56547.010809&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (8630 words)

	hylemon
		Deoxycholic acid is make exclusively by a small population of intestinal anaerobic bacteria.
		Bile acids repress their own biosynthesis by transcriptionally down regulating cholesterol 7a -hydroxylase and sterol 27-hydroxylase the rate limiting enzyme in the two major bile acid biosynthetic pathways.
		Down-regulation of cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene expression by bile acids in primary rat hepatocytes is mediated by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway.
	www.vcu.edu /micro/hylemon.htm (346 words)

	Indications - cancer, inflammations, viral diseases, wound healing, angina, herpes, AIDS, mumps, warts, immunity ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		From the third stage on deoxycholic acid is totally helpless in curing this deadly disease, as the mass of the macrophage populations is eliminated by then.
		Deoxycholic acid is totally helpless to cure diseases that happen in the third stage as mycosis, pneumonia, protozoa infections.
		There are many reports about the stunning effect of deoxycholic acid in treatment of fresh herpes, some with series of experiments with up to 400 people (see also publications).
	www.deoxycholicacid.com /inhalte/indications.htm (4012 words)

	Physiological concentrations of bile salts inhibit recovery of ischemic-injured porcine ileum -- Campbell et al. 287 ...
		acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, are synthesized in the liver
		acid caused an increase in the permeability of the gastric mucosa
		acid (a tertiary bile acid derived from a secondary bile acid)
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/287/2/G399 (5051 words)

	Press Release
		Hylemon and his colleagues found that after gallstone patients were treated with antibiotics, their deoxycholic acid levels and cholesterol-supersaturated bile dropped below the threshold required to develop gallstones.
		Beyond gallstones, scientific evidence is mounting that deoxycholic acid may play a role in colon cancer as well.
		"Deoxycholic acid is implicated in cholesterol gallstone disease and colon cancer," concluded Hylemon.
	www.vcu.edu /exrel/news/Releases/1998/Jan98/012998.htm (590 words)

	Highly simplified method for gas-liquid chromatographic quantitation of bile acids and sterols in human stool -- Batta ...
		Methyl esters of the bile acids and fatty
		The secondary bile acids, lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid,
		and the n-butyl ester of the corresponding fatty acid.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/40/6/1148 (4123 words)

	Biliary lipid composition in idiopathic bile acid malabsorption -- Fracchia et al. 43 (6): 812 -- Gut
		Biliary lipid composition in idiopathic bile acid malabsorption
		Chronic bile acid malabsorption is known to alter biliary lipid and bile acid composition.
		Primary bile acid malabsorption caused by mutations in the ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter gene (SLC10A2).
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/43/6/812 (2973 words)

	A prospective study of serum bile acid concentrations and colorectal cancer risk in post-menopausal women on the island ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Serum bile acid concentrations reflect the faecal bile acid profile and may be of value as biomarkers of risk of colorectal cancer.
		There was poor reproducibility between repeat measurements of absolute serum concentrations of bile acids, but there was moderately good reproducibility for the ratios of serum concentrations of deoxycholic/cholic acid, lithocholic/chenodeoxycholic and secondary/primary bile acid concentrations (duplicate blood samples were available for 30 women).
		These findings suggest that the ratios of serum bile acid concentrations are sufficiently reproducible for epidemiological studies, but that a larger study than our own is needed to adequately test the hypothesis of their relation to cancer risk.
	www.nature.com /bjc/journal/v86/n11/abs/6600340a.html (180 words)

	Natural Bile Acids and Synthetic Analogues Modulate Large Conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) Channel Activity in ...
		In all cases, the bile acid (100 µM in the application pipette) was applied to the cytosolic surface of inside-out patches.
		Deoxycholic acid was applied to the extracellular side of the extra-patch membrane.
		Deoxycholic acid was applied to the cytosolic surface of the patch.
	www.jgp.org /cgi/content/full/119/3/251 (9251 words)

	Increasing dietary cholesterol induces different regulation of classic and alternative bile acid synthesis -- Xu et al. ...
		Cholesterol is the obligatory precursor of bile acids in all
		fatty acids, and 0.97% (wt/wt) polyunsaturated fatty acids.
		Deoxycholic acid represented 83%–88% of the total bile acids in the initial bile and disappeared from the bile after 3 or 4 days of bile fistula in controls and cholesterol-fed rabbits, respectively.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/103/1/89 (4771 words)

	Identification and Characterization of a Bile Acid 7alpha -Dehydroxylation Operon in Clostridium sp. Strain TO-931, a ...
		Identification and Characterization of a Bile Acid 7alpha -Dehydroxylation Operon in Clostridium sp.
		In mammals, the primary bile acids cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid are synthesized in the liver and conjugated to either
		Increase of deoxycholate in supersaturated bile of patients with cholesterol gallstone disease and its correlation with de novo synthesis of cholesterol and bile acids in the liver, gallbladder emptying, and small intestine transit.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/3/1107 (3038 words)

	Abstracts (Martin F Chaplin papers)
		The importance of water in the structures of nucleic acids and proteins is explained.
		Ispaghula is capable of binding bile acids through a large number of weak binding sites on the polysaccharide structure, and having greatest effect on the potentially more harmful secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid.
		This review presents an outline of the evidence that bile acids are both a causal factor in colorectal cancer and that their concentrations are affected by it in a synergistic manner.
	www.lsbu.ac.uk /water/abstr.html (2379 words)

	Deoxycholic Acid Activates {beta}-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Increases Colon Cell Cancer Growth and Invasiveness -- ...
		Korpela, J.T., Adlercreutz, H., and Turunen, M.J. Fecal free and conjugated bile acids and neutral sterols in vegetarians, omnivores, and patients with colorectal cancer.
		Peiffer, L.P., Peters, D.J., and McGarrity, T.J. Differential effects of deoxycholic acid on proliferation of neoplastic and differentiated colonocytes in vitro.
		Deoxycholic acid (DCA) causes ligand-independent activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and FAS receptor in primary hepatocytes: inhibition of EGFR/mitogen-activated protein kinase-signaling module enhances DCA-induced apoptosis.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/15/5/2156 (4466 words)

	Deoxycholic acid suppresses p53 by stimulating proteasome-mediated p53 protein degradation -- Qiao et al. 22 (6): 957 ...
		Deoxycholic acid suppresses p53 by stimulating proteasome-mediated p53 protein degradation -- Qiao et al.
		acids are associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.
		Fecal bile acids and neutral sterols in colon cancer patients and patients with adenomatous polyps.
	carcin.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/22/6/957 (5531 words)

	Fecal Bile Acid Concentrations in a Subpopulation of the Wheat Bran Fiber Colon Polyp Trial -- Alberts et al. 12 (3): ...
		Fecal Bile Acid Concentrations in a Subpopulation of the Wheat Bran Fiber Colon Polyp Trial -- Alberts et al.
		and reduces bile acid solubility in fecal water (4).
		Lapre J. A., Van der Meer R. Diet-induced increase of colonic bile acids stimulates lytic activity of fecal water and proliferation of colonic cells.
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/12/3/197 (2849 words)

	Glutathione-S-transferase P1-1 May Have Role In Early Colon Cancer
		Because deoxycholic acid is an apoptosis-inducing xenobiotic in the colon, we examined the possibility that aberrant crypt foci, through the cyto-protecting function of glutathione-S-transferase P1-1, resist deoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis, thereby surviving to become adenomas and subsequently cancer."
		Binding of deoxycholic acid to glutathione-S-transferase P1-1 was analyzed by circular dichroism and immunoprecipitation.
		The impaired sensitivity of aberrant crypt foci to deoxycholic acid was restored by the glutathione-S-transferase P1-1-specific inhibitor gamma-glutamyl-S-(benzyl)cysteinyl-R-phenylglycine diethylester."
	www.cancercompass.com /cancer-news/1,7997,00.htm (503 words)

	Gallstones - Vitacost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Vitamin C is needed to convert cholesterol to bile acids.
		Andersen E, Hellstrom K. The effect of cholesterol feeding on bile acid kinetics and biliary lipids in normolipidemic and hypertriglyceridemic subjects.
		Intestinal transit, deoxycholic acid and the cholesterol saturation of bile—three interrelated factors.
	www.vitacost.com /science/hn/Concern/Gallstones.htm (2061 words)

	Effect of transition metals (Mn, Cu, Fe) and deoxycholic acid (DA) on the conversion of PrPC to PrPres -- Kim et al., ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Effect of transition metals (Mn, Cu, Fe) and deoxycholic acid (DA) on the conversion of PrPC to PrPres -- Kim et al., 10.1096/fj.04-2117fje -- The FASEB Journal
		Carboxyl acids such as deoxycholic acid (DA) are oxidized molecules produced by 3′ oxidation pathway.
		On the basis of the evidence of the elevated Mn levels in scrapie-associated fibril (SAF)-enriched preparations from the brains of animals with prion disease, Mn-loaded PrP and oxidized molecules such as carboxyl acids may contribute to the formation of the scrapie isoform of PrP in prion diseases.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/abstract/04-2117fjev1 (400 words)

	Ronit Popovitz-Biro Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		A topochemical solid-state photaddition of acetone to deoxycholic acid.
		The Reaction Pathway of the hotoaddition of Acetophenone to Deoxycholic Acid as Studied by X-rays in a Systems Undergoing a single crystal-single crystal transformation.
		Biomimetic Photohydroxylation of Crystalline Deoxycholic Acid as Catalysed by Occluded Oxygen Carrier.
	www.weizmann.ac.il /materials/RonitPage2.html (1562 words)

	Characteristics of Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells Induced by Deoxycholic Acid -- Yui et al. 138 (2): 151 -- ...
		Characteristics of Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells Induced by Deoxycholic Acid -- Yui et al.
		Characteristics of Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells Induced by Deoxycholic Acid
		respond to bile acids is thought to be different from that of
	jb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/138/2/151 (203 words)

	Chenodeoxycholic Acid and Deoxycholic Acid Inhibit 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 and Cause ...
		Chenodeoxycholic Acid and Deoxycholic Acid Inhibit 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 and Cause Cortisol-induced Transcriptional Activation of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor -- Stauffer et al.
		bile acids from 12 patients with biliary obstruction revealed
		cholic acid (CA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA), with average concentrations
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/29/26286 (406 words)

	Deoxycholic Acid (DCA) Causes Ligand-independent Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and FAS Receptor ...
		Deoxycholic Acid (DCA) Causes Ligand-independent Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and FAS Receptor in Primary Hepatocytes: Inhibition of EGFR/Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase-Signaling Module Enhances DCA-induced Apoptosis -- Qiao et al.
		Deoxycholic Acid Activates {beta}-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Increases Colon Cell Cancer Growth and Invasiveness
		Deoxycholic Acid Activates the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Pathway via FAS Receptor Activation in Primary Hepatocytes: ROLE OF ACIDIC SPHINGOMYELINASE-MEDIATED CERAMIDE GENERATION IN FAS RECEPTOR ACTIVATION
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/abstract/12/9/2629 (1219 words)

	Constipation
		Alginic acid, one of the major constituents in bladderwrack(Fucus vesiculosus), is a type of dietary fiber that may be used to relieve constipation.
		However, human studies have not been conducted on the effectiveness of bladderwrack for this condition.
		Effect of wheat bran on weight of stool and gastrointestinal transit time: a meta analysis.
	www.truestarhealth.com /Notes/1195002.html (1803 words)

	Conjugation of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Deoxycholic Acid for the Development of a New Oral Anticoagulant Agent ...
		Conjugation of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Deoxycholic Acid for the Development of a New Oral Anticoagulant Agent -- Lee et al.
		Conjugation of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Deoxycholic Acid for the Development of a New Oral Anticoagulant Agent
		Key Words: heparin • deoxycholic acid • conjugates • drugs
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/104/25/3116 (3017 words)

	Deoxycholic Acid Methyl Ester, Chemistry Supplies and Laboratory Chemicals
		Deoxycholic Acid Methyl Ester, Chemistry Supplies and Laboratory Chemicals
		The LAB DEPOT is your source for laboratory chemicals equipment and scientific supplies including Deoxycholic Acid Methyl Ester, reagent chemicals, research products and lab test kits for water purification and pH sampling.
		The LAB DEPOT website has been designed for ease of use.
	www.labdepotinc.com /Chemical_Details~pid~D2140.aspx (130 words)

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