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Topic: Deoxyribonucleic


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In the News (Thu 24 Dec 09)

  
 NDI Terminology - deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA; the nucleic acid in which the sugar is deoxyribose, constituting the primary genetic material of all cellular organisms and the DNA viruses, and occurring predominantly in the nucleus.
DNA is duplicated by replication, and it serves as a template for synthesis of ribonucleic acid (transcription).
The strands are twisted to form a double helix and are antiparallel.
www.ndif.org /Terms/deoxyribonucleic_acid.html   (123 words)

  
 MSN Encarta - Deoxyribonucleic Acid
For instance, the triplet GAC (guanine, adenine, and cytosine) is the codon for the amino acid leucine, and the triplet CAG (cytosine, adenine, and guanine) is the codon for the amino acid valine.
A protein is composed of smaller molecules called amino acids, and the structure and function of the protein is determined by the sequence of its amino acids.
A protein consisting of 100 amino acids is thus encoded by a DNA segment consisting of 300 nucleotides.
encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761561874   (882 words)

  
 Deoxyribonucleic acid
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Learn about the structure of DNA, how it replicates, protein synthesis and its history.
deoxyribonucleic acid technique with acid lipoic acid linoleic acid lactic acid hyleronic acid hydrochloric acid hyaluronic acid humic acid glycolic acid malic acid muriatic acid nicotinic acid
Acid Rain and Deposition A general overview of acid rain and deposition, its causes and effects.
www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Deoxyribonucleic_acid.html   (368 words)

  
 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 - Presentation Speech
The code contained in the deoxyribonucleic acid is transferred in cell division, that is in the normal growth of the organism, and also in the fusion of the sexual cells.
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a high polymer composed of a few types of building blocks, which occur in large numbers.
The discovery of the three-dimensional molecular structure of the deoxyribonucleic acid - DNA - is of great importance because it outlines the possibilities for an understanding in its finest details of the molecular configuration, which dictates the general and individual properties of living matter.
www.nobel.se /medicine/laureates/1962/press.html   (1185 words)

  
 Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Deoxyribonucleic Acid, a double stranded macromolecule of helical structure (comparable to a spiral staircase).
Each deoxyribose part is coupled to a nucleotide base, which is responsible for establishing the connection to the other strand of the DNA.
Both single strands are linear, unbranched nucleic acid molecules build up from alternating deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate molecules.
www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Deoxyribonucleic_Acid   (130 words)

  
 DNA - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life (and many viruses).
They were relatively quick to appreciate the polymeric nature of their "nucleic acid" isolates, but realized only later that nucleotides were of two types--one containing ribose and the other deoxyribose.
In an influential presentation in 1957, Crick laid out the "Central Dogma", which foretold the relationship between DNA, RNA, and proteins, and articulated the "sequence hypothesis." A critical confirmation of the replication mechanism that was implied by the double-helical structure followed in 1958 in the form of the Meselson-Stahl experiment.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/DNA   (5255 words)

  
 The Innocence Project: View Bill Ariz. Rev. Stat. sect. 13-4240 (2000)
If the prosecutor or defense counsel has previously subjected evidence to deoxyribonucleic acid testing, the court may order the prosecutor or defense counsel to provide all the parties and the court with access to the laboratory reports that were prepared in connection with the testing, including underlying data and laboratory notes.
The evidence was not previously subjected to deoxyribonucleic acid testing or was not subjected to the testing that is now requested and that may resolve an issue not previously resolved by the previous testing.
The evidence is still in existence and is in a condition that allows deoxyribonucleic acid testing to be conducted.
www.innocenceproject.org /legislation/display_description.php?id=Section-13-1420&sort=jurisdiction&filterStatus=all&filterJurisdiction=all&filterCategory=all   (751 words)

  
 deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is considered the best evidence because everyone has a unique order of DNA in his or her cells, such as from semen, blood and...
DNA is the acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid, which encodes genetic information in cells and determines their structure, function and behavior.
SUDBURY -- Deoxyribonucleic acid or photosynthesis may not be subjects that inspire most poets to write a poem, but an ode to Newton's Law of Motion or a haiku...
www.biometnews.com /biotechnology/deoxyribonucleic_acid.html   (317 words)

  
 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
The genetic material of most terrestrial organisms and one of two principal types of nucleic acid found in living cells (the other being RNA).
DNA is a stable macromolecule consisting (usually) of two strands running in opposite directions.
www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/D/DNA.html   (419 words)

  
 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid is the genetic material contained in most living organisms that can be used, like a fingerprint, to identify and differentiate...
Partial DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences such as expressed sequence tags (EST's), not associated with an expressed characteristic should not be paten...
Chromosome aberrations occur in DNA [Deoxyribonucleic acid], in which nucleotide breaks occurs in the chromosomes leading to aberrations, which may lead to...
www.biometnews.com /gmo/DNA_(deoxyribonucleic_acid).html   (314 words)

  
 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) makes up a double-helix strand which is part of the chromosome.
www.psy.fsu.edu /~charness/courses/aging/6919s99/genetics/tsld011.htm   (14 words)

  
 DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID - Definition
An organic acid and polymer composed of four nitrogenous bases--adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine linked via intervening units of phosphate and the pentose sugar deoxyribose.
In nature, base pairs form only between A and T and between G and C; thus the base sequence of each single strand can be deduced from that of its partner.
DNA is the genetic material of most organisms and usually exists as a double-stranded molecule in which two antiparallel strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between adeninethymine and cytosine-guanine.
www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/deoxyribonucleic+acid   (224 words)

  
 deoxyribonucleic acid : Definition from the Online Dictionary at Datasegment.com
[PJC] deoxyribonucleic acid - WordNet (r) 2.0 (August 2003) : deoxyribonucleic acid n : (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information; "DNA is the king of molecules" [syn: desoxyribonucleic acid, DNA]
2 definitions found deoxyribonucleic acid - Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 : deoxyribonucleic acid \deoxyribonucleic acid\ n.
A small percentage of methylcytosine is found in many organisms, and it serves in some cases as a special signal, as for restriction enzymes.
onlinedictionary.datasegment.com /word/deoxyribonucleic+acid   (382 words)

  
 Isolation and Characterization of a Haploid Germ Cell-Specific Novel Complementary Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Testis-Specific Homologue of Succinyl CoA:3-Oxo Acid CoA Transferase -- Koga et al. 63 (6): 1601 -- Biology of Reproduction
The deduced amino acid sequence is shown under the nucleotide sequence and numbering of amino acid residues starts at the position of the presumed initiation methionine.
Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences of the scots from mouse testis, pig heart [23], and human heart [24].
The nucleotide and deduced amino acid (in parentheses) sequences were compared between two scots, and homology was demonstrated as a percentage.
www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/63/6/1601   (4952 words)

  
 A Structure for DNA (Nature April 2, 1953)
It has been found experimentally (3,4) that the ratio of the amounts of adenine to thymine, and the ration of guanine to cytosine, are always very close to unity for deoxy ribose nucleic acid.
The previously published X-ray data (5,6) on deoxyribose nucleic acid are insufficient for a rigorous test of our structure.
Their model consists of three intertwined chains, with the phosphates near the fibre axis, and the bases on the outside.
academy.d20.co.edu /kadets/lundberg/dnapaper.html   (934 words)

  
 Identification, isolation, and cloning of growth hormone (GH)-inducible interscapular brown adipose complementary deoxyribonucleic acid from GH antagonist mice.
Identification, isolation, and cloning of growth hormone (GH)-inducible interscapular brown adipose complementary deoxyribonucleic acid from GH antagonist mice.
In a dwarf mouse line that expresses a GH antagonist, we found that the interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) mass is significantly greater than that in nontransgenic littermates.
BLAST searches suggested that clone 42 is highly homologous to a gene found in a human female fetal brain and a related gene found in a human pituitary tumor.
www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_11416014.html   (216 words)

  
 DNA
The ester is derived from phosphoric acid (the acid portion) and a sugar (the alcohol portion).
Attached to the other side of the sugar is a phosphoric acid unit, linking the nucleoside to the neighbouring sugar.
Where the backbone of a protein molecule is a polyamide (or polypeptide) chain, the backbone of a nucleic acid molecule is a polyester chain (called a
www.chm.bris.ac.uk /motm/dna/dna.htm   (880 words)

  
 GLOSSARY D
Nucleic acid that functions as the physical carrier of inheritance for 99% of all species.
www.emc.maricopa.edu /faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookglossD.html   (776 words)

  
 National Cancer Institute - Dictionary of Cancer Terms
A combination of DHA (a natural fatty acid) and paclitaxel (an anticancer drug) that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.
www.cancer.gov /dictionary/db_alpha.aspx?expand=d#deoxyribonucleic   (3791 words)

  
 Flow cytometric analysis of primary and metastatic bladder cancer
When patient survival was compared to the ploidy of the metastatic site, or in patients with diploid primary and metastatic lesions versus deoxyribonucleic acid aneuploidy at either the primary and/or metastatic site, the aneuploid tumors had a longer survival but this difference was not significant (p equals 0.13 and 0.23, respectively).
Tumor heterogeneity was defined as polyclonal aneuploidy of the primary tumor (not identified in the population studied) or as a difference in the deoxyribonucleic acid index of the primary and metastatic sites of 0.20 or more (8 patients).
It also suggests that the presence of metastasis may be a more important factor to define the biological potential of transitional cell carcinoma than is deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy.
imsdd.meb.uni-bonn.de /cgi-bin/mycite?ExtRef=MEDL/90230360   (232 words)

  
 Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
or Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is a nucleic acid that is bound in double helical chains by hydrogen bonds between the bases, forming the basic material in the chromosomes of the cell nucleus, it contains the genetic code and transmits the hereditary pattern, so thus is responsible for much of our appearance, behavior, physiology, etc.
members.tripod.com /~cloning/dna.htm   (65 words)

  
 deoxyribonucleic acid - Wiktionary
A nucleic acid found in the nucleus of all cells; consists of a polymer formed from nucleotides and shaped into a double helix; it is associated with the transmission of genetic information
This page was last modified 13:56, 12 October 2005.
en.wiktionary.org /wiki/Deoxyribonucleic_acid   (49 words)

  
 Maurice Wilkins - Biography
Relevant publications are «The molecular configuration of deoxyribonucleic acid.
He also studied the orientation of purines and pyrimidines in tobacco mosaic virus and in nucleic acids, by measuring the ultraviolet dichroism of oriented specimens, and he studied, with the visible-light polarizing microscope, the arrangement of virus particles in crystals of TMV and measured dry mass in cells with interference microscopes.
He was first concerned with genetic effects of ultrasonics; after one or two years, he changed his research to development of reflecting microscopes for ultraviolet microspectrophotometric study of nucleic acids in cells.
www.nobel.se /medicine/laureates/1962/wilkins-bio.html   (630 words)

  
 Nucleic Acid Symbols
The two main types of nucleic acids are designated by their customary abbreviations, RNA (ribonucleic acid or ribonucleate) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid or deoxyribonucleate).
The first (N-2), patterned after the systems in use for amino acid and saccharide residues in polymers [1], is designed largely for descriptions of chemical work involving bases, nucleosides, nucleotides and very small oligonucleotides, or for abbreviating these in minimum space (as on chromatograms or figures or table headings).
The 1965 Revision of Abbreviations and Symbols for Chemical Names of Special Interest in Biological Chemistry was completed and published in 1965 and 1966 [1], almost coincident with the elucidation of the first complete nucleic acid sequence [2,3] and with the development of methods for the synthesis of specific polynucleotide sequences [4].
www.chem.qmul.ac.uk /iupac/misc/naabb.html   (3816 words)

  
 Electronic Mayhem Dear Deoxyribonucleic Acid
You hurt me Deoxyribonucleic Acid, you hurt me in ways nobody else has hurt me. That time the sea captain with the wooden leg tried to inpale me with a metal rake and I set him on fire in self-defense, they found you there, too.
Then I told them that aliens had abducted me a fortnight ago and had tried to splice you with the Deoxyribonucleic Acid of the dolphin, and that's why the dolphin looked so weird and "hacked up" when they found it with you in it, but they didn't believe that, either.
You BETRAYED me! I tried telling them that the old lady and the five midgets had stolen you from me in a mad plot to drive me insane and I killed them in defense, but they didn't believe it.
www.electronicmayhem.net /satire/1024684346.shtml   (412 words)

  
 The Search for DNA - The Birth of Molecular Biology
The history of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) research begins with Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss biologist who in 1868 carried out the first carefully thought out chemical studies on the nuclei of cells.
Although he separated the nucleic acid fraction and studied its properties, the covalent structure of DNA did not become known with certainty until the late 194Os.
Even though Miescher and many others following him suspected that nuclein or nucleic acid might play a key role in cell inheritance, others argued that their lack of chemical diversity compared to, say, proteins ruled out such a possibility.
www.accessexcellence.org /AB/BC/Search_for_DNA.html   (1022 words)

  
 Dr Chromo's school: DNA structure
The deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is a long chain of nucleotides
Nucleic: these molecules were first found in the nucleus of the cell, before being found in mitochondria, chloroplasts (of plant cells), and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
acid are used to form the DNA chain.
www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk /notebook/courses/guide/dnast.htm   (630 words)

  
 Asia Times Online - The best news coverage from South Asia
A genome is an organism's complete set of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and a unit of hereditary.
Genomic data provides information about deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences, but it doesn't reveal their function.
The characteristics of the genome's downstream products, such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins, and the complex pathways in which these molecules function and interact, must be elucidated in order to understand the genetic basis of human disease and development.
www.atimes.com /atimes/South_Asia/FC11Df04.html   (1488 words)

  
 Microbiology Undergrad Wins National Recognition - Daily Nexus Online
A genome is the complete sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for an organism.
These four kinds of acids are repeated in a pattern and linked together in a very long chain.
After this step, each randomly cut piece of DNA has a color associated with it, which is determined by the amino acid type on the end of the chain.
www.ucsbdailynexus.com /news/2003/6106.html   (1138 words)

  
 Isolation and characterization of myostatin complementary deoxyribonucleic acid clones from two commercially important fish: Oreochromis mossambicus and Morone chrysops.
Isolation and characterization of myostatin complementary deoxyribonucleic acid clones from two commercially important fish: Oreochromis mossambicus and Morone chrysops.
The nucleic and amino acid sequences from both fish species are highly homologous to the previously identified mammalian and avian orthologs, and both possess conserved cysteine residues and putative RXXR proteolytic processing sites that are common to all transforming growth factor-beta family members.
These results suggest that the biological actions of MSTN in the tilapia and possibly in other fishes may not be limited to myocyte growth repression, but may additionally influence different cell types and organ systems.
www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_11250920.html   (262 words)

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