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	Sleep deprivation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A person can be deprived of sleep by their own body and mind, insomnia, or actively deprived by another individual.
		Sleep deprivation is sometimes used as an instrument of torture, but it has also been shown to be an effective treatment of depression and other mental illnesses.
		Since sleep deprivation is a fact of modern combat, the U.S. army, through DARPA, has a "Preventing Sleep Deprivation Program", which has the goal to prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation and provide methods for recovery of function with particular emphasis on cognitive and psychomotor impairments.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sleep_deprivation (710 words)

	Scottish Indices of Deprivation 2003: page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Social deprivation, which he acknowledges as more difficult to measure, is defined as ‘providing a useful means of generalising the condition of those who do not or cannot enter into ordinary forms of family or other relationships’.
		It is possible to look at single deprivations at an area level and state that a certain proportion of the population experiences that deprivation, a proportion experiences some other form of deprivation etc., and at an area level describe the combination of single deprivations as area level multiple deprivation.
		An ideal measure of area deprivation would be able to quantify deprivation at the level of ‘neighbourhoods’ or small areas with a homogeneity of characteristics and a standard population size.
	www.scotland.gov.uk /library5/social/siod-03.asp (2122 words)

	Individual Responses to Sleep Deprivation Vary Substantially
		Although sleep deprivation can have significant adverse effects on mood, alertness, and cognitive performance, the effects of sleep loss depend upon the person, how much sleep is lost, motivation, and the circumstances under which sleep loss take place.
		Sleep deprivation researchers have learned that there are substantial individual differences in sensitivity to the effects of sleep deprivation on performance: some people are severely affected while others show minimal effects.
		The effects of sleep deprivation are dependent upon the person, the type of sleep loss (partial or total sleep loss) and for how long (a few days or weeks), whether recovery sleep is allowed to occur, motivation, and the circumstances under which sleep loss take place.
	www.talkaboutsleep.com /sleep-disorders/archives/insomnia_drjacobs_individual_responses.htm (526 words)

	FRUSTRATION, DEPRIVATION, AGGRESSION, AND THE CONFLICT HELIX
		To nail deprivation to an objective or absolute lack of something such as freedom, equality, or sustenance, is to ignore that definitions of these shift according to historical period, culture, society, position, and person.
		Deprivation is relative, therefore, to previous gratifications and expectations.
		Deprivation along one dimension may not be matched by deprivation along another, nor is actual inequality along a dimension necessarily matched by the sense of deprivation felt.
	www.hawaii.edu /powerkills/CIP.CHAP3.HTM (6274 words)

	Payne, Payne and Hyde: 'Refuse of All Classes'? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The potential of this approach in the UK is demonstrated by an examination of patterns of social deprivation in 1991 Census data for 391 wards in the South West of England, using the Townsend, Jarman, Breadline Britain and the new DoE Local Conditions indices.
		Relative deprivation in Townsend's formulation (1987) is not very different from the view of class which emphasizes the distributional aspects of class outcomes as exemplified by Westergaard (1995).
		Deprivation indices are explicitly designed as 'indices of deprived areas': the Jarman Index, for example, is actually the Jarman Underprivileged Area score and the ILC is the Index of Local Conditions and they do not allow for individual or household- based scores in their formulae.
	www.socresonline.org.uk /1/1/3.html (9203 words)

	Search Results for deprivation - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Studies of selective sleep deprivation have confirmed the attribution of need for both stage 4 NREM and REM sleep, because an increasing number of experimental arousals is required each night to...
		One time-honoured approach to determining the function of an organ or process is to deprive an organism of the organ or process.
		Relatively complete sensory deprivation (such as may be experienced, for example, by persons undergoing prolonged stays in experimental isolation chambers) compresses the experience of time to the...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=deprivation&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (452 words)

	Sleep deprivation - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sleep deprivation is sometimes used as an instrument of torture.
		Lack of sleep may result in irritability, blurred vision, slurred speech, memory lapses, overall confusion, hallucinations, nausea, and eventually death.
		William C. Dement, M.D., Ph.D., is a leading researcher on sleep and sleep deprivation and is by some considered to be the world's leading authority on these subjects.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Sleep_deprivation (98 words)

	Sleep Deprivation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The benefit of sleep is held in high regard prior to, and during competition, despite the fact these beliefs are not confirmed by any scientific understanding of the physiological effects of sleep on performance.
		Perceived exertion is obviously a psychological effect as subjects describe resistance as greater after sleep deprivation, yet are able to perform the tasks with the same physiological responses.
		It is the psychological aspect and the levels of perceived exertion that need to be addressed prior to competition so that when an athlete experiences sleep deprivation or interruption they are aware of the effects, if any, on their performance.
	www.faccioni.com /Reviews/sleepdep.htm (1329 words)

	The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Brain and Behavior
		Since sleep deprived people can still complete math problems, albeit with less speed and accuracy than a well-rested individual, this data implies that a region of the brain already in use is used for this task (1).
		One of the symptoms of prolonged sleep deprivation is hallucinations (10).
		Although the longest a human has remained awake was eleven days rats that are continually deprived of sleep die within two to five weeks, generally due to their severely weakened immune system (10), (11), (12).
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro01/web3/Ledoux.html (2050 words)

	Sleep Deprivation Helps Unipolar Depression
		The link between sleep deprivation and depression isn't exactly new, but a study presented at the recent (1996) Biomedicine conference sheds light on why there's an association.
		Participants underwent PET scans before and after sleep deprivation to see whether there were any changes in glucose metabolism in their brains.
		Before sleep deprivation, PET scans revealed much higher levels of glucose metabolism in their brains.
	www.mentalhealthconsumers.org /connet/cnn/0005/sleep.htm (695 words)

	Doctors Waking Up to Benefits of Sleep Deprivation Treatment for Depression
		Because use of newer antidepressant drugs together with sleep deprivation treatment is proving effective for helping to prevent return of depressive symptoms after sleep deprivation and for improving depressed patients' response to their medication.
		She also notes that there are studies showing that doctors can use sleep deprivation to improve depressed patients' mood during the period of days or weeks required for antidepressant medication to become fully effective.
		Leibenluft, who was not involved in the study, suggests that sleep deprivation might be particularly useful in depressed patients who aren't helped by standard treatment methods and in patients -- for example, severely depressed and suicidal patients -- who need to have their mood lifted quickly.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/19/1728_50585.htm (598 words)

	Sensory deprivation -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sensory deprivation is the reduction of (Click link for more info and facts about sensory input) sensory input into the human system, whether naturally occurring or induced.
		Sensory deprivation has been used in various (The practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve herbal medicines or self-awareness or biofeedback or acupuncture) alternative medicines, for (The act of torturing someone) torture or punishment, and in psychological experimentation.
		(e) deprivation of food and drink: subjecting the detainees to a reduced diet during their stay at the centre and pending interrogations.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/se/sensory_deprivation.htm (648 words)

	Sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption affect cognitive abilities both separately and simultaneously
		Surprisingly, though the effects of alcohol intoxication and sleep deprivation are generally similar when observed singularly, however when combined, the effects are varied based on blood alcohol content and length of sleep deprivation.
		Their findings also suggest that the area of the brain that is most affected by sleep deprivation is the frontal lobe, since that is where executive function occurs.
		Through forty hours of total sleep deprivation, eight adult males were evaluated in their reaction time in a visual vigilance task every two hours.
	www.unc.edu /~jdumas/projects/alcohol.htm (1887 words)

	A Critique of Maternal Deprivation Monkey Experiments at The State University of New York Health Science Center
		The relevance and importance of maternal deprivation monkey experiments continue to be scientifically debated because of conceptual and methodological flaws in the experimental design.
		Therefore, as is typical of maternal deprivation experiments, Rosenblum's non-explanatory monkey data merely dramatize already known human findings by unnecessarily transforming ideas from one conceptual system (human psychology) to another (animal behavior).
		For reasons of economic feasibility, scientific validity, and medical accuracy, Rosenblum's animal studies in particular, and maternal deprivation monkey research in general, should be defunded and phased out.
	www.mrmcmed.org /mom.html (1142 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - Softball Performance - Sleep Deprivation And Performance
		leep deprivation was recently found to interfere with glucose metabolism, which could impair endurance performance and recovery.
		Van Cauter said the effects of sleep deprivation on glucose metabolism were similar to those found in the elderly.
		She therefore concluded that chronic sleep deprivation may have long-term harmful effects on the body.
	www.bodybuilding.com /fun/softball12.htm (836 words)

	sleep deprivation and insomnia help - sleeping-tips.com
		Sleep deprivation and insomnia are a common occurance.
		About half of Americans report problems at least occasionally, and the same number are diagnosed with a sleep disorder according to National Sleep Foundation surveys.
		I really want to sleep tonight, but I'm afraid to lie down because there are memories that I really don't want to return to me. However, I really want to sleep for precisely the same reason, that is, I don't want to deal with certain memories that are threatening me at the present.
	www.sleeping-tips.com (2101 words)

	Sleep deprivation. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Herein is the crux of the problem related to fatigue and the workplace: the lack of public awareness and consequential actions taken by industry leaders to address sleep deprivation's serious effects on safety, health and in tandem, the overall quality of life.
		In addition, sleep deprivation can accelerate the aging process, lead to obesity and increase the risk of memory loss.
		Negative consequences to safety, health and work performance stemming from fatigue are inevitable, considering that it's between the seventh and eight hour when a person receives almost an hour of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep - the crucial period when the mind repairs itself, grows new connections and puts itself back together.
	communications.fullerton.edu /facilities/tvfilm_studios/content/safety/sleep.htm (1825 words)

	Effects of sleep deprivation in neonatal rats -- Frank et al. 275 (1): 148 -- AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and ...
		Changes in wake time after sleep deprivation were less consistent than changes in sleep time (data not shown).
		The fact that 3-h sleep deprivation does not increase SWS DP in P12-P20 rats is surprising given previous reports of SWS DP increases in P24 rats after 2-h sleep deprivation (1).
		The effect of sleep deprivation and recovery sleep on plasma corticosterone in the rat.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/1/R148 (6376 words)

	Guidelines for Georgia Courts in Child Deprivation Cases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Consistency in process of deprivation cases is more likely to lead to consistent results, ensuring that all juvenile court participants across the state will be treated similarly and can hold the same expectations about juvenile court.
		If the decision is mistaken, a child may needlessly be deprived of a chance to return home, to keep contact with parents, and to have lifelong relationships with members of an extended family.
		The appellate courts of Georgia are urged to give priority to the appeals of child deprivation cases as well as termination of parental rights cases because speedy decisions are uniquely important to abused and neglected children who are without permanent, stable families.
	www.state.ga.us /Courts/supreme/cpp/guidelin.htm (4183 words)

	Sleep Deprivation
		Since we will only be looking at the effects of deprivation the ones to focus on are as follow.
		Recognizing the dangerous consequences of sleep deprivation and sleep disorders, particularly obstructive sleep apnea, Dement has worked tirelessly to broaden public awareness about these undiagnosed and misdiagnosed conditions.
		Sleep Deprivation - the condition of being deprived of sleep either under experimental or under unusual real life conditions, as distinguished from being unable to sleep.
	www.geocities.com /all_luv_trisha/e-Project.html (1548 words)

	Sleep Deprivation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These are important factors to consider when talking about Sleep Deprivation, as they are the most common distractions that keep people from getting their required amount of sleep (Giannotti, 2001).
		Being a somewhat Sleep Deprived (by all standards) college student, it doesn’t seem plausible that we could be expected to keep regular hours, get a full 8 hours of sleep every night, take naps if we need them and not resort to “help” like caffeine products, etc. (Maas, 2000).
		I would have to say that while Sleep Deprivation is a serious problem that can cause much impairment, depending on it’s severity, it is not likely one that is going to be eradicated in the near future.
	www.uvm.edu /~avarney/sleep_deprivation.htm (1012 words)

	Encyclopedia: Deprivation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Deprivation: Is derived from variables collected in the census (unemployment, overcrowding, housing tenure, living alone) and gives an indication of the degree of social adversity in the geographic area in which people live.
		loss: the disadvantage that results from losing something; "his loss of credibility led to his resignation"; "losing him is no great deprivation" 3.
		privation: act of depriving someone of food or money or rights; "nutritional privation"; "deprivation of civil rights".
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Deprivation (208 words)

	Sleep Deprivation Selectively Impairs Memory Consolidation for Contextual Fear Conditioning -- Graves et al. 10 (3): ...
		Mice were trained similarly to the experiment shown in Figure 1, however, freezing in response to the conditioned stimulus (CS) in an altered context was tested at 24 h following training before freezing in response to the shocked context was tested.
		Figure 3 Total sleep deprivation from 0–5 h after training with a tone impairs context-specific freezing but does not impair freezing in response to the tone.
		Tobler, I., Murison, R., Ursin, R., Ursin, H., and Borbely, A.A. The effect of sleep deprivation and recovery sleep on plasma corticosterone in the rat.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/10/3/168 (5851 words)

	Read about Sleep deprivation at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Sleep deprivation and learn about Sleep deprivation ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A person can be deprived of sleep by their own body and mind,
		Sleep deprivation is sometimes used as an instrument of
		Total sleep deprivation in rats leads to death in 14-16 days.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Sleep_deprivation (144 words)

	Influence of 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation on Respiration in Lambs -- LÉTOURNEAU et al. 52 (5): 697 -- Pediatric ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		TA muscle activity during ventilatory periods and apneas before and after sleep deprivation for both age groups and for each state of arousal.
		Leiter JC, Knuth SL, Bartlett Jr D 1985 The effect of sleep deprivation on activity of the genioglossus muscle.
		Horne JA 1977 The effect of sleep deprivation upon variations in heart rate and respiration rate.
	www.pedresearch.org /cgi/content/full/52/5/697 (5262 words)

	Sleep Deprivation (from sleep) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Researchers often study the effects of depriving a subject of sleep for a number of days.
		Sleep deprivation may be partial (the subject is allowed only three or four hours of sleep per night) or total (the subject gets no sleep at all).
		Outwardly, sleep resembles coma and hibernation, but it is much easier to awaken a person from sleep than it is to arouse a person from a coma or to awaken an animal from its hibernation.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article?tocId=208129&ct= (484 words)

	Sleep Deprivation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is estimated that 33% of the population suffer from lack of sleep.
		The causes of sleep deprivation are numerous but a major factor is too much light in a room where people are trying to sleep.
		These are disturbing facts and you and your customers can do their bit to reduce these figures by using three-pass fl-out curtains or curtain linings.
	www.texbond.co.nz /sleep_deprivation.htm (324 words)

	Sleep Deprivation Per Se Does Not Decrease the Hypercapnic Ventilatory Response in Humans -- SPENGLER and SHEA 161 (4): ...
		Individual data are shown before and after 24 h of sleep deprivation (means of six measurements before and six measurements after 24 h of sleep deprivation are connected by lines).
		The six individuals who increased HCVR after 24 h of sleep deprivation are indicated by circles (asterisk indicates significant increase); the four individuals with decreased HCVR are indicated by squares, and the group mean values are shown as short lines.
		Effects of sleep deprivation and sleep fragmentation on upper airway collapsibility in normal subjects.
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/161/4/1124 (3879 words)

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