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Topic: Detergent

Related Topics

SOAP

How to make soap

Cleaning

Sodium tetraborate

Laundry

Surfactant

Saponification

Lye roll

Emulsifier

Borax

Table salt

Washing machine

Potassium hydroxide

Biodiesel

Boric acid

	Detergent Chemistry: History
		Although the start of the synthetic detergent industry is not shrouded in the veils of history as were the beginnings of the soap industry, it is nevertheless not easy to pinpoint exactly when the detergent industry, as such, came into being.
		These detergents were of the short-chain alkyl naphthalene sulphonate type, made by coupling propyl or butyl alcohols with naphthalene and subsequent sulphonation, and appeared under the general name of Nekal.
		It was found that the detergency in a heavy-duty formulation using linear alkyl benzene sulphonate was approximately 10 per cent better than when using PT benzene sulphonate, solutions of the neutralized sulphonic acid had a lower cloud point, and pastes and slurries had a lower viscosity.
	www.chemistry.co.nz /deterghistory.htm (2507 words)

	Detergent compositions or components - Patent 6472364
		In detergent compositions herein it may for example be preferred that the polymer is present at a level of from 0.05% to 10% by weight of the detergent composition, preferably from 0.05% to 5% or even from 0.05% to 3% or even 0.1% to 2% by weight.
		In detergent components or additives, the polymer may preferably be present at a level of 0.05% to 40% by weight or even from 0.05% to 20% or even 0.1% to 15% or even 1% to 10% by weight.
		In detergent compositions herein it may for example be preferred that the material is present at a level of from 0.05% to 10% by weight of the detergent composition, preferably from 0.05% to 7% or even from 0.05% to 5% or even 0.5% to 3%.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6472364.html (10246 words)

	Detergent Chemistry
		- was until recently the CEO of his own successful Detergent and Sanitiser manufacturing company specialising in dairy, poultry and food processing CIP cleaning and sanitising chemicals since 1984.
		With our company also manufacturing the product, this proved to be a winning combination for all concerned, and it was one of those many companies for whom we manufactured that saw the potential in owning their own detergent manufacturing division.
		Now retired, he has seized the opportunity to devote his time to his wide ranging interests, one of which is to share his knowledge of Detergent Chemistry and Chemistry in general, to any interested party - particularly students.
	www.chemistry.co.nz /deterginfo.htm (190 words)

	[No title]
		Detergents abound on the supermarket shelf, but none have a bright, bold, beautiful cloth diaper on them to let you know that they are the product of choice for your cloth diapering laundry needs.
		The powdered detergent is a bit stronger than the liquid detergent and may be suitable for tougher stains.
		Detergent has corn based surfactants which may act more like a soap and leave a soap scum on diapers washed in hard water.
	www.pinstripesandpolkadots.com /detergentchoices.htm (783 words)

	detergent. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Soap, the sodium salt of long-chain fatty acids, is a good detergent although it has some disadvantages, e.g., it forms insoluble compounds with certain salts found in hard water thus diminishing its effectiveness, and in acid solutions, frequently used in industry, it is decomposed (thus precipitating the free fatty acid of the soap).
		Detergents are classified as anionic, or negatively charged, e.g., soaps; cationic, or positively charged, e.g., tetraalkyl ammonium chloride, used as fabric softeners; nonionic, e.g., certain esters made from oil, used as degreasing agents in industry; and zwitterionic, containing both positive and negative ions on the same molecule.
		Laundry detergent preparations may contain substances called builders, which enhance cleansing; however, phosphate-containing builders have been found to contribute to eutrophication of waterways and their use has been banned in many areas.
	www.bartleby.com /65/de/detergen.html (353 words)

	Detergent
		Detergent molecular structures consist of a long hydrocarbon chain and a water soluble ionic group.
		A cationic detergent is most likely to be found in a shampoo or clothes "rinse".
		The main function of bile salts is to act as a soap or detergent in the digestive processes.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/558detergent.html (446 words)

	Detergent Summary
		A detergent molecule is termed surface-active because a portion of the molecule is hydrophilic and a portion is hydrophobic.
		For a while during the infancy of other surfactants as commercial detergent products, the term "syndet", short for "synthetic detergent" was promoted to indicate this, but never caught on too well, and is incorrect in any event because soap is itself synthesized via saponification of glycerides.
		Also, the term "detergent" is sometimes used for surfactants in general, even when they are not used for cleaning.
	www.bookrags.com /Detergent (693 words)

	Detergent or Soap?
		Soaps and detergents are not the same thing, although both are surfactants, or surface active agents, which basically means a washing compound that mixes with grease and water.
		Detergents are synthetic (although some of the ingredients are natural); they were developed during World War II when oils to make soap were scarce.
		Detergents react less to minerals in water and for all practical purposes are the product of choice for laundry, unless you have very soft water.
	www.care2.com /channels/solutions/home/118 (568 words)

	Detergent Powder Plant,Detergent Processing Plant,Detergent Making Plant,Salt Making Plant,Salt Plant Machine,Detergent ...
		Synthetic detergents, which are also known as syndets, were developed to overcome the difficulties faced while using soap as a cleaning agent.
		These problems are circumvented in synthetic detergents that are highly stable in hard water and do not consume valuable and expensive oil for their manufacture.
		The method usually used for a detergent powder unit is the combined neutralisation and absorption method.
	www.sspindia.com /chemical-industry (610 words)

	Detergent Industry
		Enzymes have been used to improve the cleaning efficiency of detergents for more than 35 years, and are now well accepted as ingredients in powder and liquid detergents, stain removers/laundry pre-spotters, automatic dishwashing detergents and industrial/institutional cleaning products.
		The performance of enzymes in detergents depends on number of factors, including the detergent’s composition, type of stains to be removed, wash temperature, washing procedure and wash-water hardness.
		Addition of detergent enzymes, manufactured by Specialty Enzymes, to laundry detergents and direct-application stain removers improves detergent cleaning performance, renews whiteness, color and appearance of garments.
	www.specialtyenzymes.com /detergents.shtml (1399 words)

	EPA - OTAQ - Gasoline Detergent Additives Enforcement and Recordkeeping Requirements
		Under the detergent certification program, as an alternative to the use of generic-certified detergents which can be used in any U.S. gasoline regardless of composition, specially-certified detergents may be used that are optimized relative to the deposit control requirements of segregated gasoline pools (i.e., nonoxygenated gasoline, MTBE-containing gasoline, etc.).
		Also proposed is a provision whereby the blender who uses a detergent additive that is restricted in use with respect to oxygenates would be responsible for determining the oxygenate content of the gasoline involved through alternative means.
		Certain detergent blenders who wish to voluntarily use oxygenate-restricted detergents (should such detergents become available) had argued that the proposed replacement of the gasoline PTD reporting requirement on oxygenate-content with a requirement applicable only to these blenders would place an unfair burden on the fuel's end-user to establish such information.
	www.epa.gov /otaq/regs/fuels/additive/fact7gda.htm (1042 words)

	Soap Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Because of their chemical makeup, the surfactants used in detergents can be engineered to perform well under a variety of conditions.
		Detergent surfactants were developed in response to a shortage of animal and vegetable fats and oils during World War I and World War II.
		Today, detergent surfactants are made from a variety of petrochemicals (derived from petroleum) and/or oleochemicals (derived from fats and oils).
	www.cleaning101.com /cleaning/chemistry/soapchemistry2.html (393 words)

	Soap vs. Detergent - Cut of Cloth
		Since both soaps and detergents are surfactant based, you can make the effort to choose a product whose surfactants are made from oleochemicals, instead of those made from petrochemicals.
		Obviously, finding a detergent that is environmentally-friendly isn’t easy, but for our diapers’ longevity, we prefer to stay away from the build-up that would detract from the diaper’s maximum absorption capabilities.
		Detergents are responsible for many household poisonings according to the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency).
	www.cutofcloth.com /article_soapvsdetergent.asp (1036 words)

	Equator 5 LB Detergent - DETERGENT
		To prevent excessive sudsing when using regular detergents in an H-axis washer, it is often necessary to use substantially less detergent.
		Not only is Equator Low-Sudsing Detergent better for your washer than regular detergents, it is also better for the environment, since it is 100% Phosphate free and biodegradable.
		Equator Low Sudsing Detergent is an ultra concentrated detergent that dissolves easily in small amounts of water and creates less suds that regular detergents but retains all the cleaning power consumers need.
	www.abtelectronics.com /scripts/site/site_product.php3?source=cj&id=17561 (459 words)

	PRODUCT MATRIX - Detergent
		The word "detergent" refers to household cleaning products which are based on non-soap, synthetic surfactants and which are primarily used for laundering and dishwashing.
		There is a common misconception that low-phosphate detergents are "safe." While low phosphate detergents are safer to the environment, they are 100 to 1000 times more caustic than phosphate detergents.
		Granulated detergents, which encapsulate the enzyme, are less toxic than powdered formulations to people who have become sensitized to these enzyme detergents.
	www.purdue.edu /dp/envirosoft/housewaste/house/deterg.htm (492 words)

	Tennant Company - Frequently Asked Questions: Detergent
		However, using more than the recommended dilution of detergent will increase detergent costs because more product is used, and it may result in foaming in the detergent tank, which can cause damage to the vacuum fan.
		There may be disposal restrictions on either the detergent or the soil that you are cleaning from your floors, or both.
		Tennant detergents are industrial strength, which means they contain powerful active ingredients which are very effective for removing dirt and cleaning floors.
	tennantprd1.tennantco.com /clean_faq_cats.asp?CategoryID=9 (397 words)

	Questions Comments Liquid Laundry Detergent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		ARM and HAMMER Liquid Laundry Detergent is available in several varieties, including Regular, with Color-Safe Bleach Alternative, Perfume and Dye Free, and HE Specially Formulated for High Efficiency Washers and Dryers, and Detergent Plus A Touch Of Fabric Softener.
		ARM and HAMMER Liquid Detergent HE is specially formulated for HE machines—this means that the cleaning system is optimized to deliver excellent cleaning in the lowered water levels used in HE machines.
		However, as with all detergents, test on an inside seam of the garment for colorfastness before using.
	www.thelaundrybasket.com /Questions_Comments/Questions_Comments_Liquid_Laundry_Detergent/questions_comments_liquid_laun.html (1161 words)

	Expert: Detergent Formulation and Testing Expert
		He is an expert in preparing soils and stains for testing fabric detergents.
		He is familiar with a variety of soaps and detergents including liquid and powdered dishwashing and laundry detergents.
		He consults and provides expert testimony for the detergent and chemical industries, often with data generated in his laboratory.
	www.intota.com /viewbio.asp?bioID=603858&perID=107845&show=Full (612 words)

	Planet -- Ultra Powdered Laundry Detergent
		Because Ultra Powdered Laundry is specially formulated to be a low-sudsing detergent, it is ideal for use in high-efficiency, front-loading washers.
		In fact, suds are a poor indicator of cleaning effectiveness because it is not the suds, rather the surfactants in the detergent that are actually responsible for removing dirt and oil from your clothing.
		Pre-dissolving the detergent helps to reduce the formation of these residues, and adding some vinegar during the rinse cycle will help remove any residue deposits that may have formed.
	www.planetinc.com /upl.htm (697 words)

	Detergent residues - Bummis
		Detergent residue builds up on all items that are laundered - clothes, bedding, etc. But usually you will notice it only when dealing with a fabric that is supposed to be either waterproof or absorbent.
		One way is that the detergents leave a film on the cover which works as a transport for the liquid to travel along the inside of the cover, along to the edges then across the front.
		Detergents have wetting agents that break water tension, which allows the detergent to dissolve and disperse and allows clothes to get cleaner.
	www.bummis.com /en/Detergent-Residues.html (1462 words)

	Wash This Way - By Eliza Truitt - Slate Magazine
		Detergents differ in the way they balance these two elements, and in their varying use of added ingredients such as bleach, enzymes, fluorescent whiteners, perfumes, foam control products, or fabric softeners.
		Of the detergents with color-safe bleaches, I tested All and Wisk (both in powder form), setting them against Liquid Tide With Bleach Alternative, which was rated the most effective detergent overall by Consumer Reports, but which made no claims to color safety or brightening.
		One way to prevent this type of color loss is to wash clothes in colder water, but all detergents work poorly in cold water, and many bleaching agents are completely ineffective in cold temperatures.
	www.slate.com /id/19914 (1801 words)

	Detergent and Oil Spills
		By the way, wildlife cleaned by detergents do not always survive the treatment because it damages the animal's/bird's fur/feathers by removing naturally present protective oils native the soiled creature.
		However, detergents are relatively costly and many oil spills are simply far too large to be addressed by application of any detergent.
		Regards, ProfHoff 502 ============================================================= Dish detergent cleans oiled wildlife by normal detergent action: the oil-loving "tails" of the detergent molecules cluster around oil globules, and the water-loving "heads" of the detergent molecules face into the water solution so that the oil droplets are carried away in the water.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem00/chem00896.htm (444 words)

	detergent - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Detergents, term applied to materials, the solutions of which aid in the removal of dirt or other foreign matter from contaminated surfaces.
		Soap, cleansing agent or detergent (Detergents), made from animal and vegetable fats, oils, and greases; chemically, the sodium or potassium salt of...
		- cleansing: having the properties of a detergent
	encarta.msn.com /detergent.html (141 words)

	Molecular Expressions Digital Video Gallery: Chemical Crystals - Detergent
		Detergent Video No. 1 - Glataric Acid (detergent) crystallization is observed under polarized light illumination at a magnification of 20x in this video.
		Detergent Video No. 2 - Glataric Acid (detergent) crystallization is observed under polarized light illumination at a magnification of 10x in this video.
		Saponins are natural surfactants, or detergents, found in many plants, but they are most abundant in the desert plants Yucca and Quillaja.
	micro.magnet.fsu.edu /moviegallery/chemicalcrystals/detergent/index.html (430 words)

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