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Topic: Deuterium

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Heavy water

Hydrogen

Tritium

Hydrogen ion

Protium

Radioisotope

Hydrogen car

CANDU reactor

Fusion reactor

Water

Fusion power

Nuclear fusion

Nucleosynthesis

Isotope separation

Cold fusion

	Deuterium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Deuterium behaves chemically identically to ordinary hydrogen, although, because of the greater atomic mass, reactions involving deuterium tend to occur at a somewhat slower reaction rate than the corresponding reactions involving ordinary hydrogen.
		Deuterium is useful in nuclear fusion reactions, especially in combination with tritium, because of the large reaction rate (or cross section) and high energy yield of the D-T reaction.
		An antideuteron is the antiparticle of the nucleus of deuterium, consisting of an antiproton and an antineutron.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Deuterium (517 words)

	Big Bang nucleosynthesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Deuterium is in some ways the opposite of helium-4 in that while helium-4 is very stable and very difficult to destroy, deuterium is unstable and easy to destroy.
		The problem was that while the concentration of deuterium in the universe is consistent with the Big Bang model as a whole, it is too high to be consistent with a model that presumes that most of the universe consists of protons and neutrons.
		The problem here again is that deuterium is unstable, and that collisions between atomic nuclei are likely to result either in the absorption of the nuclei, or in the release of free neutrons or alpha particles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Big_bang_nucleosynthesis (2010 words)

	deuterium - Britannica Concise
		Deuterium was discovered (1931) by the American chemist Harold C. Urey (for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1934) and his associates F.G. Brickwedde and G.M. Murphy.
		The deuterium was detected (by its atomic spectrum) in the residue of a distillation of liquid hydrogen.
		The nuclear fusion of deuterium atoms or of deuterium and the heavier hydrogen isotope, tritium, at high temperature is accompanied by release of an enormous amount of energy; such reactions have been used in thermonuclear weapons.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9030119 (881 words)

	Deuterium Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Deuterium is a heavier and stable isotope of ordinary hydrogen.
		(Deuterium is also referred to as "heavy hydrogen.") It is a colorless, odorless, nontoxic, diatomic, flammable gas.
		Deuterium gas is used in nuclear power, fusion power, lasers and lighting.
	www.spectra-gases.com /PureGases/d2/deuterium.htm (143 words)

	Search Results for "Deuterium"
		A second isotope of hydrogen is deuterium (mass no. 2, atomic mass 2.0140), the so-called heavy hydrogen,...
		...cold fusion, or low-temperature fusion, nuclear fusion of deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen, at or relatively near room temperature.
		d The nucleus of a deuterium atom, consisting of a proton and a neutron, regarded as a subatomic particle with unit positive charge.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Deuterium (284 words)

	The Application of Site-Specific Natural Isotope Fractionation-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SNIF-NMR) to the Analysis of ...
		The distribution of deuterium in a molecule may be used as a chemical ìtracerî in the analysis of many naturally occurring compounds, and may reveal the geographic and/or biological history of certain samples.
		The deuterium distribution in a sugar molecule varies as a function of the specific photosynthetic pathway used in its synthesis, the HDO content of the water consumed by the plant, and the environmental conditions of the plantís habitat.
		Deuterium is a nucleus that heretofore has not been included in the repertoire of NMR experiments performed in the undergraduate laboratory.
	chemeducator.org /sbibs/s0003005/spapers/35gal897.htm (2145 words)

	Deuterium - Memory Alpha
		Deuterium (or heavy hydrogen) is an isotope of hydrogen which contains one proton and one neutron in its nucleus, and one electron orbiting the nucleus.
		Deuterium (along with its antimatter opposite, antideuterium) was the primary fuel used in matter-antimatter reactions, such as those generated in warp cores, and was stored in large tanks aboard starships for this purpose.
		The Bussard collectors on some starships were used to collect hydrogen and interstellar gasses, presumably to synthesize into deuterium.
	memory-alpha.org /en/wiki/Deuterium (251 words)

	ScienceDaily: MIT Researchers Find Clue To Start Of Universe
		The detection of deuterium is of interest because the amount of deuterium can be related to the amount of dark matter in the universe, but accurate measurements have been elusive.
		Also, an accurate measurement of deuterium would be an indicator of the density of cosmic baryons, and that density of baryons would indicate whether ordinary matter is dark and found in regions such as fl holes, gas clouds or brown dwarfs, or is luminous and can be found in stars.
		Emission from the deuterium atom is weak since it is not very abundant in space-there is approximately one deuterium atom for every 100,000 hydrogen atoms, thus the distribution of the deuterium atom is diffuse.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/09/050902065550.htm (1256 words)

	deuterium -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Deuterium is a stable atomic species found in natural hydrogen compounds to the extent of 0.014 to 0.015 percent.
		Not all of the deuterium formed by the capture of neutrons by protons would be further reacted to produce helium.
		Deuterons are formed chiefly by ionizing deuterium (stripping the single electron away from the atom) and are used as projectiles to produce nuclear reactions after accumulating high energies in particle accelerators.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9030119 (698 words)

	Boeing Associated Products - Definition of Deuterium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Deuterium is a stable, naturally-occurring isotope of hydrogen with an atomic mass of two (one proton and one neutron).
		There is approximately 1 part of deuterium to 5000 parts of normal hydrogen found in nature.
		When combined with oxygen, the oxide form is referred to as heavy water and is used to moderate fission reactions in certain nuclear reactors.
	www.boeing.com /assocproducts/hienergy/deuterm.htm (59 words)

	Physical Properties of Deuterium
		Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen, meaning that it is not radioactive and has a very long life span.
		Deuterium is still the same element as hydrogen but it has one neutron making it twice as heavy as protium.
		Deuterium was the first isotope to be separated from its element in pure form.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~cem181h/projects/98/deuterium/properties.htm (270 words)

	deuterium on Encyclopedia.com
		DEUTERIUM [deuterium], isotope of hydrogen with mass no. 2.
		Deuterium is also called heavy hydrogen, and water in which the hydrogen atoms are deuterium is called heavy water (deuterium oxide, D
		A gamma polarimeter for neutron polarization measurement in a liquid deuterium target for parity violation in polarized neutron capture on deuterium.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/d1/deuteriu.asp (353 words)

	Deuterium Array Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The primordial abundance of deuterium is determined by the competition between the nuclear reaction rates and the universal expansion rate.
		The temperature at which deuteron pairing to form helium occurs determines the photon density at that epoch and hence the fraction of deuterium to hydrogen decreases with an increased density ratio of baryons to photons.
		While the deuterium line is expected in absorption against a background brightness temperature greater than the excitation temperature, the hydrogen and carbon recombination lines, which have been previously observed, (for example see Roshi and Anantharamaiah, 1997) are seen in emission.
	web.haystack.mit.edu /deuterium/deuterium.html (1997 words)

	ScienceDaily: Deuterium Raining Into The Center Of The Milky Way Galaxy
		The abundance of deuterium provides important insights into the formation of the Milky Way and demonstrates that deuterium is not made by stars or stellar activity.
		The definitive detection of deuterium in the amounts reported also is important observational confirmation of the theoretical idea that all the deuterium in the Universe is primordial, since the center of our galaxy would be the place that more deuterium could be formed by cosmic rays, if that were a viable process.
		The abundance of deuterium found, together with analysis based on earlier work by Nobel Prize winning physicist William A. Fowler and colleagues, indicates that only 4% of the mass of the Universe is in the form of ordinary matter, a value also indicated by other recent results.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2000/07/000704062629.htm (1247 words)

	Artemis Project: Lunar Helium-3 as an Energy Source, in a nutshell
		For the purposes of this discussion, let's assume that the He3 fusion plants have been proved out, and folks are frantically building them, just waiting for us to show up with with tanks full of helium-3.
		The names of the ingredients for nuclear fusion reactions -- deuterium, tritium, isotopes of helium -- sound complicated, but really these are only variations on substances found in everyday life.
		Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen that has a neutron next to its lonely proton.
	www.asi.org /adb/02/09/he3-intro.html (1134 words)

	Deuterium Gas (D) From READE
		Deuterium has about twice the atomic weight of normal hydrogen because its nucleus contains a proton and a neutron, instead of just a proton.
		The boiling point of deuterium is -249.49° C (-417.08°F), or 3.28° C (5.90° F) higher than that of ordinary hydrogen.
		Heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O) boils at 101.42° C (214.56°F) as compared to 100° C (212° F), the boiling point of ordinary water.
	www.reade.com /Products/Gases/deuterium.html (338 words)

	Nuclear Fusion
		The most promising of the hydrogen fusion reactions which make up the deuterium cycle is the fusion of deuterium and tritium.
		The deuterium fuel is abundant, but tritium must be either bred from lithium or gotten in the operation of the deuterium cycle.
		The deuterium part of the fuel does not pose a great problem because about 1 part in 5000 of the hydrogen in seawater is deuterium.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/nucene/fusion.html (520 words)

	La France nucleaire/Nuclear France: DEUTERIUM (ENGLISH)
		Deuterium is a stable hydrogen isotope with one proton and one
		deuterium is found in all sources of hydrogen, including ordinary water, but in a small fraction, around 0.014%.
		Although deuterium is not radioactive, it is important in both military and civilian nuclear domains.
	www.francenuc.org /en_mat/deuterium_e.htm (717 words)

	Balmer deuterium lines detected for the first time
		However, the subsequent expansion of the universe prevented the fusion of all deuterium nuclei, so the traces of deuterium which remain are in effect fossils dating from the Big Bang.
		However, deuterium is continually destroyed by the fusion processes inside stars which produce heavier elements, so the abundance of deuterium in regions at various stages of evolution provides information concerning the chemical evolution of galaxies.
		Thus, deuterium abundance is a very critical parameter, and many observations are made to measure it.
	www.cnrs.fr /Cnrspresse/n388/html/en388a03.htm (350 words)

	Shine-Through Deuterium Lamps Manufactured by Heraeus Noblelight
		Deuterium lamps provide a continous and line free UV spectrum from 180 nm to 400 nm.
		This deuterium lamp allows the coupling of the light of the additional light source into the UV radiation along the optical axis of the deuterium lamp
		The visible light is projected through the casing and the aperture of the deuterium lamp and together with the UV radiation provides a continous spectrum from the ultraviolet up to the infrared wavelength range
	www.msscientific.de /shinethroughlamps.htm (283 words)

	Deuterium
		Introduction Deuterium is a chess engine that is based on a popular chess program TSCP by Tom Kerrigan.
		To verify that egbb is loaded, start deuterium in console mode and you will notice the comments that egbb is loaded.
		Usage Deuterium is using 4 books, 2 books for white and 2 books for fl.
	wbec-ridderkerk.nl /html/details/Deuterium.html (1202 words)

	Deuterium Lamps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Deuterium lamps are gas discharge lamps filled with Deuterium at carefully controlled pressures.
		Deuterium lamps can be operated in continuous and pulsed mode using a suitable power supply.
		Deuterium arc lamps are broad band sources of ultraviolet light, filled with Deuterium at carefully controlled pressures.
	www.vitrotech.com /deuterium_lamps.html (483 words)

	Deuterium Lamps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Deuterium Lamps produce UV rays in a continuous arc in the atmosphere.
		Deuterium Lamps consists of an anode and cathode positioned in a glass envelope filled with low pressure deuterium gas.
		Deuterium Lamps have characteristics conducive to use in a lot of different areas where lamp accuracy is critical.
	www.bulbspecialists.com /deuterium.asp (214 words)

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