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Topic: Deutschmark

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Deutsche Mark

Reichsmark

East German mark

Papiermark

Deutsche Bundesbank

Coinage of the Federal Republic of Germany

Pfennig

Mark

West Germany

Notgeld

German euro coins

Euro

French franc

Hyperinflation

Rentenmark

	Hard currency - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Before its replacement with the Euro the Deutschmark was considered perhaps the best hard currency.
		In some cases, an economy may choose to abandon local currency altogether and adopt a hard currency as legal tender.
		Examples include the adoption in Ecuador and Panama of the United States Dollar, and the adoption in Kosovo of first the Deutschmark and later the Euro.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Hard_currency (599 words)

	Nostalgic Germans Hoard Deutschmark Coins
		The number of coins being held is about half the 49 billion Deutschmark coins in circulation just before the single European currency was launched in January 2001, said Bundesbank spokeswoman Gabriele Reitz-Werner on Tuesday.
		"The Deutschmark is widely regarded as a symbol of Germany's postwar recovery that led to the so-called economic miracle of the late 1950s and early 1960s," a spokeswoman for the BDB banking association Kerstin Altendorf told Reuters.
		Reuters shall not be liable for any errors or delays in the content, or for any actions taken in reliance thereon.
	www.rense.com /general43/deut.htm (163 words)

	Bundesbank may raise interest rates to defend Deutschmark
		Because of its reputation the mere hint was enough to prompt some buying of marks, paring the dollar rate back to just under Dm1.84 as speculators who had sold short took their profits.
		The Bundesbank's professed concern is that because the bulk of industrial raw material inputs plus fuel and energy are dollar-priced commodities, a weak Deutschmark brings the risk of imported inflation.
		The worst that might happen if the Deutschmark stays low is a half-point rise in the inflation rate to perhaps 2% next year, according to Stephen Schneider, chief economist with Banque Paribas.
	www.btimes.co.za /97/0803/world/world.htm (792 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Tschuss Deutschmark!
		Since euro notes and coins were introduced in January, the Deutschmark has all but disappeared.
		So, bidding farewell to the Deutschmark just two months after the introduction of the euro might be considered no big deal.
		Germans, like their counterparts in the Netherlands and France, are more than happy to give up a symbol of national identity for the European currency project.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/1842749.stm (496 words)

	The irritation of the Euro Decline - September 14, 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The decline of the Deutschmark relative to the Euro is not a new phenomenon.
		After World War II, the Deutschmark was a symbol of national self-confidence, a symbol of hope in times of reconstruction and during the subsequent Wirtschaftswunder.
		The stability of the Deutschmark was of great importance for a generation that had lost its savings during the hyperinflation of 1923 and the currency reform in 1948.
	www.aicgs.org /at-issue/ai-euro.shtml (1126 words)

	Kurt Huebner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As we know, the early introduction of the Deutschmark in the western part was one element in the process of German division.
		It was exactly this threat that played the most important role in the legitimization of the concrete outcomes of the details of the monetary union of June 1990.
		The strong demand for Deutschmark by the East German population and the willingness of the political system to chose a opportunistic exchange rate due to their short-term electoral strategies produced in a joint action a desolate outcome.
	jsis.artsci.washington.edu /programs/europe/Website/PaperHuebner.htm (2761 words)

	Euro empowers eastern countries
		The deutschmark, considered a secure currency the world over, has been a store of value for years in the Balkans in particular.
		In Serbia it was considered the second currency, while in Kosovo and Montenegro it became legal tender in November 2000, due to the pressures of public opinion.
		It is an area of stiff competition between the dollar and the deutschmark, but in the western part of the country where the deutschmark dominates, there has been a clear consumer shift to the dollar since June.
	www.buzzle.com /editorials/1-3-2002-8977.asp (589 words)

	Erasing the Deutschmark: Let’s Remember the Currency that Helped Save Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		They have longer vacations, higher pay, and more job security; their gravest national crisis stems from the low birth rate—which some say necessitates a mass influx of immigrants, with all the instability that may cause.
		Everyone could exchange forty of their old [R]eichsmarks for forty of the new [D]eutschmarks and two months later another twenty marks at the one for one ratio.
		Businesses were allowed sixty [D]eutschmarks for each employee on the same one for one terms.
	www.frontpagemag.com /articles/Printable.asp?ID=4126 (1537 words)

	Pravda.RU Euro kills the Deutschmark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Deutschmark is perhaps the most powerful example of a currency constituting national unity of all the 12 nations forming Euroland because the history of German Unity is very much a mirror-image of the European Union.
		The Deutschmark thus assumed an importance superior to that of the Wehrmacht.
		The Deutschmark, the symbol of German unity, dies with the advent of the Euro in ten days’ time.
	english.pravda.ru /main/2001/12/21/24140.html (1837 words)

	The end of EMU: legal ramifications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It too comes in various denominations, including the euro cent (at an 'exchange rate' of 100-to-1), the Deutschmark (at an exchange rate of1.95583-to-1), the French franc (6.55957-to-1), the guilder (2.20371-to-1), etc*2.
		Currently, in enforcing a Deutschmark debt in (say) Japan, Japan looks to German law to define the Deutschmark, and German law says that the DEM is one part in 1.95583 of a EUR.
		Alternatively, Japanese law might say that a Deutschmark debt remains a Deutschmark debt, even though it was for a while (but is no longer) repayable in euros, and therefore that German law should determine the form in which it is now to be paid.
	www.ledr.com /guests/jdaw/papers/finmkts/emu-breakup.html (3095 words)

	The euro: a false economy? - for printer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Physicists are pitching in to the debate about the Deutschmark's influence on the euro.
		Critics of the euro, the transnational European single currency, say it is a glorified Deutschmark, confined by the vicissitudes of the strong German economy.
		Analysing the statistics of the false euro's fluctuations, the researchers found that the Deutschmark had the most pronounced influence.
	www.nature.com /nsu_new/nsu_pf/010315/010315-1.html (549 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Germany bids the Deutschmark farewell
		She ordered euros for her till back in September, received them on 15 December, and worries that she may run out of euros fast.
		They plan to act as banks, offering their customers to swap "round" Deutschmark sums, eg 50 or 100 Deutschmarks, for euros, but then will accept euros only at the till.
		The changeover comes for retailers at the busiest time of the year - during the post-Christmas shopping boom, the start of the winter sales season, and for many shops during or immediately after the "inventur", an annual record of all stock in the store, as prescribed by the tax office.
	news.bbc.co.uk /low/english/business/newsid_1735000/1735441.stm (1011 words)

	CER \| Germany: Monetary policy both success and disaster
		However, the most sensitive issue was the question of the conversion rate of the Ostmark (the currency of the GDR) to the Deutschmark.
		The Deutschmark was a means to buy otherwise scarce goods, eg in the system of Intershops of the GDR.
		The alternative, to re-evaluate the Deutschmark, was not accepted by Germany's Western European partners in the EMS.
	www.ce-review.org /01/3/seliger3.html (1147 words)

	Whittier Law School
		(5) The payment of 178,952,160 Euro (350 million Deutschmark) to the Humanitarian Fund pursuant to Section 9, Paragraph 4, Sentence 2, Number 5 of the Foundation Law shall be effected according to the provisions in Section 7 of this Agreement.
		The uses of the 102,258,376 Euro (200 million Deutschmark) will be: To fund 50% of all actual operating expenses of ICHEIC from January 1, 2001 until the termination of ICHEIC’S claims process (with the exception of expenses associated with the Generali Trust and the administration of the Humanitarian Fund).
		These actual operating expenses are not to exceed $60 million, including a provision for financing the publication of lists, paying banking fees incurred by the companies for payments to claimants and a contingency reserve.
	www.law.whittier.edu /holocaust/appendix_l.asp (2572 words)

	CNN.com - Nostalgic Germans hoard D-marks - Oct. 29, 2003
		Almost two years after the introduction of the euro, nostalgic Germans are hoarding some 25 billion Deutschmark coins -- worth about $4.2 billion -- as souvenirs.
		The number of coins being held is about half the 49 billion Deutschmark coins in circulation just before the single European currency was launched in January 2001, Bundesbank spokeswoman Gabriele Reitz-Werner said.
		"The Deutschmark is widely regarded as a symbol of Germany's postwar recovery that led to the so-called "economic miracle" of the late 1950s and early 1960s," said Kerstin Altendorf, a spokeswoman for the BDB banking association.
	cnn.com /2003/BUSINESS/10/29/germany.dmark.reut (186 words)

	The European: Deutschmark battered by the strong dollar. (European foreign exchangerates)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The European: Deutschmark battered by the strong dollar.
		THREE factors have undermined the deutschmark's performance against the dollar in recent weeks.
		The first is the growing row between European politicians and central bankers over the direction of fiscal and monetary policy.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1P1:28900332&refid=ink_tptd_mag (175 words)

	Kosovo -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Kosovo Government and Assembly are planning to reconcile this and implement broad devolution throughout the province.
		This was undertaken to replace the previous widespread use of the (Formerly the basic unit of money in Germany) Deutschmark, which had become de facto currency even before the 1999 war.
		However, the (Click link for more info and facts about Serbian dinar) Serbian dinar remains an official currency, though used principally by the (Click link for more info and facts about Kosovo Serb enclaves) Kosovo Serb enclaves; it is only used sporadically outside of them.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ko/kosovo.htm (2642 words)

	Guardian \| Deutschmark back in shops
		But three years after the Deutschmark was abolished, the currency is to make a surprise comeback in the run-up to Christmas.
		The retail and fashion chain CandA announced yesterday that it would accept the mark at all of its 312 stores across Germany.
		Yesterday, Germany's finance minister, Hans Eichel, described its recent rise against the dollar as "brutal" and warned that it was damaging EU exports.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5067510-103532,00.html (280 words)

	SSRN-Nonparametric Testing of the High-Frequency Efficiency of the 1997 Asian Foreign Exchange Markets by Cornelis Los
		The efficiency of these FX markets before and after the onset of the Asian currency turmoil (i.e., January 1 - June 30, 1997 and July 1 - December 30, 1997) are compared.
		The Thai baht, Malaysian ringgit, Indonesian rupiah and Singapore dollar exhibited non-stationary behavior during the entire year, and gave evidence of a trading regime break, while the Phillipines' peso, Taiwan dollar, Yen and Deutschmark remained stationary (The Hong Kong dollar was pegged).
		However, each half-year regime showed stationarity by itself, indicating stable and nonchaotic trading regimes for all currencies, despite the high volatilities, except the Malaysian ringgit, which exhibited non-stationarity in the second half of 1997.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=138388 (531 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		LIFFE's unique range of Deutschmark products comprises the Bond futures and options contracts at the long end and the Three Month Eurodeutschmark interest rate futures contract (Euromark future) and the Option on the Three Month Eurodeutschmark interest rate futures contract (Euromark option) at the short end Of the maturity spectrum.
		The Euromark contract can be used to cover interest rate risk at the short end of the yield curve and is an efficient and flexible means of hedging the entire range of Eurodeutschmark denominated money market instruments.
		Positions may be taken in the LIFFE Euromark contract minimizing the constraints on banks' credit limits or balance sheet exposure.
	www.duke.edu /~charvey/options/gi/euromark.htm (243 words)

	Germany hotels, Travel guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Single European currency (Euro): The Euro is now the official currency of 12 EU member states (including Germany), although it is currently only used as ?written money' (cheques, bank transactions, credit cards, etc).
		The first Euro coins and notes will be introduced in January 2002; the German Deutschmark will still be in circulation until December 31 2001, but in line with the 'Joint Declaration' the use of Deutschmark notes and coins is permitted until February 28 2002, when it will be completely replaced by the Euro.
		Currency exchange: Foreign currencies and travellers cheques can be exchanged at banks, bureaux de change, post offices, airports, railway stations, ports and major hotels at the official exchange rates.
	cross-pacific.com /germany/Money.htm (379 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Today Bosnia and Herzegovina has one of the best banking sectors in former Yugoslavia.
		The currency (the Convertible Mark KM or Bosnian Mark BAM, BAM ratio to the Euro 1: 0,51), which is based on the fixed value of the deutschmark, is also very stable.
		Also yearly inflation is the lowest compared to other countries which were a part of former Yugoslavia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina (2233 words)

	European, The: Torn between two lovers. (impact of strong deutschmark on German economy) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		00-00-0000 Germans have grown used to a strong deutschmark but the lure of the euro means the affair could be soon be over
		Is the German love affair with the strong deutschmark over?
		The deutschmark has been allowed to fall 15 per cent against the dollar in the past year and 20 per cent against the pound.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_hb3486/is_199707/ai_n8274534 (254 words)

	Deutschmark back in shops : Mail & Guardian Online
		All Africa poker tournament reveals local intuition, betting styles and winning strategies.
		The retail and fashion chain C&A announced on Friday that it will accept the mark at all of its 312 stores across Germany.
		Material may not be published or reproduced in any form without prior written permission.
	www.mg.co.za /Content/l3.asp?ao=125898 (458 words)

	Keyword (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Articles indexed to deutschmark (in order of time indexed.)
		RETAIL giant CandA bowed to furious shoppers yesterday and agreed to accept the Deutschmark again in its German stores.
		More than 60 per cent of Germans want their old currency back rather than the hated euro.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/keyword?k=deutschmark (677 words)

	Acclaim Images - deutschmark photos, stock photos, pictures, deutschmark stock photography
		Acclaim Images - deutschmark photos, stock photos, pictures, deutschmark stock photography
		deutschmark photos, stock photos, pictures, deutschmark stock photography
		Stock Photos at Acclaim Stock Photography matching the search term "deutschmark":
	www.acclaimimages.com /search_terms/deutschmark.html (86 words)

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