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Topic: Dextropropoxyphene

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	Dextropropoxyphene - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category.
		It is used to treat mild to moderate pain and as an antitussive.
		In pure form, dextropropoxyphene is commonly used to ease the withdrawal symptoms in people addiced to opioids.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dextropropoxyphene (389 words)

	Data Sheet
		Dextropropoxyphene is metabolised in the liver to yield nordextropropoxyphene.
		Dextropropoxyphene is not recommended for use in children, because documented clinical experience has been insufficient to establish safety and a suitable dosage regimen in the paediatric age group.
		The abuse liability of dextropropoxyphene is qualitatively similar to that of codeine although quantitatively less, and dextropropoxyphene should be prescribed with the same degree of caution appropriate to the use of codeine.
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /Profs/Datasheet/discontinued/Doloxenecap.htm (2048 words)

	Data Sheet
		Following administration of 65, 130 or 195mg of dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride, the bioavailabiltiy of dextropropoxyphene is equivalent to that of 100, 200, or 300mg respectively of dextropropoxyphene napsylate.
		Dextropropoxyphene is metabolized in the liver to yield norpropoxyphene.
		Dextropropoxyphene is not recommended for use in children, because documented clinical experience has been insufficient to establish safety and a suitable dosage regiment in the paediatric age group.
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /profs/Datasheet/p/Paradextab.htm (2327 words)

	Dextropropoxyphene in postoperative pain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Dextropropoxyphene is a relatively weak opioid analgesic which has been widely available since the 1950s.
		Six reports compared dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride 65 mg with placebo, and one trial also compared a dose of 130 mg with placebo.
		A single oral dose of dextropropoxyphene 65 mg was no better than placebo for pain of moderate to severe intensity – relative benefit 1.5 (1.2 to 1.9).
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/painpag/Acutrev/Analgesics/AP008.html (251 words)

	Dextropropoxyphene
		Dextropropoxyphene is prescribed for relief of mild to moderate pain.
		Bulk dextropropoxyphene is in Schedule II, while preparations containing it are in Schedule IV.
		This narcotic is associated with a number of toxic side effects and is among the top 10 drugs reported by medical examiners in drug abuse deaths.
	www.streetdrugs.org /Dex.htm (112 words)

	Paracetamol plus dextropropoxyphene in acute postoperative pain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Dextropropoxyphene is a relatively weak opioid analgesic usually prepared in combination with paracetamol or aspirin.
		Trials of dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride 65 mg and napsylate 100 mg were analysed together.
		Paracetamol 650 mg plus dextropropoxyphene had an NNT of 4.4 (3.5-5.6) for at least 50% pain relief over 4-6 hours compared with placebo for pain of moderate to severe intensity.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/painpag/Acutrev/Analgesics/AP007.html (403 words)

	Darvon
		Dextropropoxyphene (brandnamed Darvon) was a popular narcotic which is used less these days since it no longer is covered by patent, so no company is out promoting it for the big profits.
		Dextropropoxyphene's record is 0 wins, 18 losses, and 4 ties with two of the ties primarily due to the added acetaminophen and the others against very weak pain relievers.
		Headaches: Migraines: Ergotamine Equal to Dextropropoxyphene at Preventing: In a DB crossover study of 25 patients with 525 acute migraines, ergotamine was equally effective as preventing migraines compared to dextropropoxyphene and both were better than aspirin.
	www.modern-psychiatry.com /darvon.htm (1436 words)

	Opioid poisoning deaths in New Zealand (2001–2002)
		The most commonly prescribed formulation was dextropropoxyphene 50 mg with paracetamol 325 mg (Table 2), accounting for 49% of the analgesic opioid (dextropropoxyphene and morphine) prescriptions and 79% of the unit doses.
		Dextropropoxyphene has previously been associated with a disproportionate rate of poisoning deaths in relation to prescription volume.
		Restrictions in the availability of dextropropoxyphene, and increased monitoring of prescription and dispensing of methadone, should be considered in order to reduce deaths due to opioids in New Zealand.
	www.nzma.org.nz /journal/118-1209/1293 (2691 words)

	Single dose dextropropoxyphene, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for postoperative pain
		Dextropropoxyphene is one example of an opioid analgesic in current use, and is widely prescribed for pain relief in combination with paracetamol under names such as Co-proxamol and Distalgesic.
		For a single dose of dextropropoxyphene 65 mg in postoperative pain the NNT for at least 50% pain relief was 7.7 (95% confidence interval 4.6 to 22) when compared with placebo over 4-6 hours.
		The combination of dextropropoxyphene 65 mg with paracetamol 650 mg shows similar efficacy to tramadol 100 mg for single dose studies in postoperative pain but with a lower incidence of adverse effects.
	www.cochrane.org /reviews/en/ab001440.html (543 words)

	index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Dextropropoxyphene : Commonly called propoxyphene, dextropropoxyphene is about half to one-third as potent as codeine for the relief of pain.
		It is available in the form of dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride salt of which a 65 mg dose is equal to 600 mg of aspirin or paracetamol for the relief of pain.
		The market is flooded with a variety of pain-relieving tablets comprising either a single drug containing aspirin, paracetamol, analgin, codeine, pentazocine, dextropropoxyphene, or a combination of drugs comprising the pain-reliever with a tranquillizer, an anti-vomiting drug, antacid, etc. as the other ingredient.
	www.indiangyan.com /books/healthbooks/complet_femily_medicine_book/index.shtml (2833 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Dextropropoxyphene may interfere with the metabolism of antidepressants, anticonvulsants and warfarinlike drugs.
		Dextropropoxyphene: In the acute phase dextropropoxyphene produces symptoms typical of narcosis, with somnolence or coma and respiratory depression, sometimes with convulsions.
		The minimum lethal dose of dextropropoxyphene has been reported to be 500800mg and could result in blood concentrations of 0.450.74mg/l.
	www.btinternet.com /~little_willow/barricade/research/coproxamol.txt (1453 words)

	Excite UK Channels - Health
		Dextropropoxyphene belongs to a group of medicines called opioids.
		Opioids mimic the effects of naturally occurring pain reducing chemicals (endorphins) that are found in the brain and spinal cord.
		Dextropropoxyphene may increase the blood levels of tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and anticonvulsants such as phenytoin.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /excite/medicines/show_main.asp?id=4293 (616 words)

	euthanasics
		Whether the action of dextropropoxyphene is based on respiratory depression alone or also involves circulatory shock remains to be seen.
		When dealing with a patient who is or may be tolerant to dextropropoxyphene, not a barbiturate potion, but 100 ml of a potion with 9 [g] barbiturate and 3 g orphenadrine hydrochloride must be used in addition to dextropropoxyphene.
		Since vomiting is experienced with the administration of orphenadrine as a euthanasic, addition of this substance to dextropropoxyphene plus barbiturate is preferable to the combination of orphenadrine plus barbiturate without dextropropoxyphene.
	www.wweek.com /html/euthanasics.html (7036 words)

	Artikel
		In Denmark, Co-proxamol is not authorised and the use of Dextropropoxyphene is falling.
		However, overdosage of Dextropropoxyphene can result in serious adverse reactions, and therefore the consumption is closely monitored.
		Doctors treating patients with Dextropropoxyphene should pay attention to the serious adverse reactions and avoid simultaneous use of paracetamol.
	www.dkma.dk /textversionII?artikelID=5867 (175 words)

	Drug Free Workplace - Drugs of Abuse - METHADONE:
		Buprenorphine (Buprenex), a semi-synthetic Schedule V narcotic analgesic derived from thebaine, is currently being investigated as a treatment of narcotic addiction.
		Another close relative of methadone is dextropropoxyphene, first marketed in 1957 under the trade name of Darvon.
		More than 100 tons of dextropropoxyphene are produced in the United States annually, and more than 25 million prescriptions are written for the products.
	www.drugfreeworkplace.com /drugsofabuse/methadone.htm (504 words)

	Theses from Uppsala University : 1058 - Studies on dextropropoxyphene
		Background Dextropropoxyphene (DXP) is one of the most frequently prescribed analgesiccompounds in Sweden and the principal aim of the present study was to document some adverseeffects of its use.
		Methods Chronic pain patients treated at a rehabilitation clinic in 1992 were assessedregarding substance use disorders, and the attitudes of staff and patients to this assessment routinewere examined.
		Studies on dextropropoxyphene: With special reference to dependence among chronic pain patients, classification of the manner of death in fatal poisoning, and characteristics of the fatal poisoning victims.
	publications.uu.se /theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=1058 (328 words)

	XXXV TIAFT Annual Meeting - Poster Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The use of bile as an analytical specimen in forensic laboratories is well established but, as yet, little work has been done on the extraction of bile samples using current solid-phase techniques.
		This study was conducted to develop a gas chromatographic method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the simultaneous analysis of dextropropoxyphene and its major metabolite, norpropoxyphene, in bile.
		Dextropropoxyphene is a regularly prescribed analgesic drug that is frequently found in cases of medico-legal interest in the UK.
	www.tiaft.org /tiaft97/proceedings/abstract/posters/154.html (171 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ten healthy subjects (four male) of mean age 31 years (range 25-40) took part in a randomized double-blind four-way crossover study to examine the cognitive and psychomotor effects of repeated oral doses of dextropropoxyphene and morphine.
		Four treatments were compared: dextropropoxyphene napsylate 100 mg, morphine sulphate 10 mg, lorazepam 0.5 mg and placebo.
		Dextropropoxyphene impaired performance on choice reaction time and picture recognition.
	www.anakata.hack.se /papers/abstract/Pain-85-209.txt (286 words)

	A Case of Severe Withdrawal Syndrome due to Dextropropoxyphene -- Hedenmalm 123 (6): 473 -- Annals of Internal Medicine
		A Case of Severe Withdrawal Syndrome due to Dextropropoxyphene -- Hedenmalm 123 (6): 473 -- Annals of Internal Medicine
		A Case of Severe Withdrawal Syndrome due to Dextropropoxyphene
		she was given ketobemidone (5 mg subcutaneously) and dextropropoxyphene
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/123/6/473 (485 words)

	Suicides may be overreported and accidents underreported among fatalities due to dextropropoxyphene. Jonasson B, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Suicides may be overreported and accidents underreported among fatalities due to dextropropoxyphene.
		Abstract: Among prescribed drugs in Sweden dextropropoxyphene (DXP) is the medical compound most frequently responsible for self-inflicted fatal poisonings.
		Operational criteria may facilitate the difficult classification process by providing a structured standard, and the set of explicit and implicit criteria applied in this study is recommended.
	www.astm.org /jforensicsci/PAGES/2970.htm (363 words)

	Systematic overview of co-proxamol to assess analgesic effects of addition of dextropropoxyphene to paracetamol -- Po ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Systematic overview of co-proxamol to assess analgesic effects of addition of dextropropoxyphene to paracetamol -- Po and Zhang 315 (7122): 1565 -- BMJ
		Combinations of paracetamol with centrally acting analgesics are widely used, accounting for 73% of all prescriptions for paracetamol in a recent hospital survey in the United Kingdom
		or dextropropoxyphene napsylate were included in the meta-analysis.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/315/7122/1565 (3922 words)

	Erowid Experience Vaults: Propoxyphene - Nice But Takes Time Coming On
		I calculated for the effect I got from the codeine, that 5 tablets of Co-proxamol would be sufficient for a decent narcotic high.
		The euphoria I got from the dextropropoxyphene is not as potent as codeine.
		Conclusion - Dextropropoxyphene is an alright drug occasionally with a pleasurable mild high, but it isn’t as euphoric and tranquilizing as typical common 'mild- moderate' opiates like codeine, DF118 or Buprenorphine.
	www.erowid.org /experiences/exp.php?ID=19647 (595 words)

	Danish Drug Users Union - Pharmacokinetics of opioids in liver disease, Tegeder I, Lotsch J, Geisslinger G., April 2001
		The exceptions are morphine and buprenorphine, which primarily undergo glucuronidation, and remifentanil, which is cleared by ester hydrolysis.
		Oxidation of opioids is reduced in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, resulting in decreased drug clearance [for pethidine (meperidine), dextropropoxyphene, pentazocine, tramadol and alfentanil] and/or increased oral bioavailability caused by a reduced first-pass metabolism (for pethidine, dextropropoxyphene, pentazocine and dihydrocodeine).
		Special risks are known for pethidine, with the potential for the accumulation of norpethidine, a metabolite that can cause seizures, and for dextropropoxyphene, for which several cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported.
	www.brugerforeningen.dk /bfny.nsf/pagesuk/B771A636685BC7EB41256B4800634A4A?OpenDocument&K=Science&S=UK (272 words)

	Hutton Inquiry - Report by Lord Hutton
		That is an opiate-type drug, it is a mild painkiller, and that was present at a concentration of one microgramme per millilitre in the blood.
		One reports a concentration of 2.8 microgrammes per millilitre of blood of dextropropoxyphene in a series of fatal overdose cases.
		Dr Allan also said in his evidence that the only way in which paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene could be found in Dr Kelly's blood was by him taking tablets containing them which he would have to ingest.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/library/report/2004/hutton-chapter05.htm (9207 words)

	For Other Pain
		Emergency Department Pain: NSAID Mefenamic Acid as Good as Narcotic Propoxphene with Fewer Side-Effects: In a DB study of 87 patients coming to the emergency department with various problems with acute pain, mefenamic acid did as well as dextropropoxyphene/acetaminophen with fewer side-effects.
		Emergency Room Pain: Ketorolac as Good as Meperidine with Fewer Side-Effects: In a DB study of 93 patients in the emergency room with acute pain, ketorolac 60 mg IM did as well for pain relief as meperidine.
		The analgesic effect of fentanyl, morphine, meperidine, and lidocaine in the peripheral veins: a comparative study.
	www.modern-psychiatry.com /for_other_pain.htm (2978 words)

	home - Irish Medicines Board
		The Irish Medicines Board (IMB) states that a European-wide evaluation of the use of dextropropoxyphene/paracetamol (brand name Distalgesic) is ongoing and the IMB is participating in this review.
		Dextropropoxyphene /paracetamol is classified as a controlled drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act.
		It has been available in Ireland since 1978 as a prescription only medicine for the treatment of pain associated with arthropathy, musculoskeletal trauma, visceral pain or pain associated with malignant disease.
	www.imb.ie /news.asp?nav=70&action=view&news_item_id=78 (274 words)

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