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	Dhimmi
		Dhimmi (Arabic: ذمي;) (often pronounced "Zimmi") are Christians, Jews, and sometimes Zoroastrians and people of other faiths living in a Muslim state and enjoying special protection not afforded to other non-Muslims.
		The word dhimmi (plural dimam) means "protection, care, custody, covenant of protection, compact; responsibility, answerableness; financial obligation, liability, debt; inviolability, security of life and property; safeguard, guarantee, security; conscience" and ahl-dhimmi are "the free non-Muslim subjects living in Muslim countries who, in return for paying the capital tax [Jizya], enjoyed protection and safety.
		The Muslims deemed that the payment of the Jizya was fair in view of the fact that Dhimmi did not participate in the army or pay the Zakah tax.
	www.mideastweb.org /Middle-East-Encyclopedia/dhimmi.htm (731 words)

	ooBdoo
		Dhimmis were allowed to "practice their religion, subject to certain conditions, and to enjoy a measure of communal autonomy" and guaranteed their personal safety and security of property, in return for paying tribute to Muslims and acknowledging Muslim supremacy.
		dhimmis were subject to legal and social inferiority, and discrimination was permanent, necessary, and "inherent in the system and institutionalized in law and practice," due to the fact that Dhimmis were not allowed to testifie against a Muslim in court Dhimmis were often subject to violence and crimes committed by Muslims.
		Taxation from the perspective of Dhimmis who came under the Muslim rule was "a concrete continuation of the taxes paid to earlier regimes" and from the point of view of the Muslim conqueror was a material proof of Dhimmi's subjection.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=Dhimmi (8989 words)

	Dhimmi - Jews and Christians Under Islam
		The Dhimmi is the Arabic term that refers to its non-Islamic embracing population that has the ignominious dishonor of living in Islamic conquered lands.
		Dhimmi is also the name of a book written by Bat Ye'or, a pseudonym, of a woman who grew up in Egypt as a British citizen and observed first hand the Islamic treatment of non-Muslims.
		The first part of the book describes the state of affairs of the dhimmi, the basis and development for dhimmitude in Islam, and the relationship of the jihad, the war to conquer territory for Islam to the status of dhimmi.
	www.jewishmag.com /57mag/dhimmi/dhimmi.htm (1105 words)

	Dhimmi
		When the dhimmi concept was introduced in the 8th century it was comparatively tolerant by the standards of the time.
		Dhimmis were legally exempt from performing otherwise mandatory Islamic duties, such as paying the zakah (alms for the poor), but must instead pay a special tax called jizyah[?] ("skull tax").
		Also, dhimmis were sometimes forced to wear distinct clothing, such as forcing all Jews to wear a yellow badge.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/dh/Dhimmi.html (932 words)

	The Dhimmi, Jews and Christians Under Islam
		It was common for the dhimmi to be struck on the head or on the nape of the neck as he paid the tax to demonstrate the superiority of Islam.
		Dhimmi places of worship were often ransacked, burned or demolished at the whim of the Muslims.
		Dhimmi graves had to be specially marked lest a Muslim should accidentally pray over the grave of an infidel.
	www.churchisraelforum.com /the_dhimmi_jews_and_christians_under_islam.htm (2218 words)

	[No title]
		This status "dhimmi" is distinctly inferior to the status of a Muslim.
		Dhimmi were compelled to pay a special tax from which Muslims were exempt, and which was paid by the enslavement of the Dhimmi family members if not paid.
		Dhimmi could not testify against a Muslim in a court of law, and only the word of another Muslim could be considered.
	www.enterstageright.com /archive/articles/1002/1002dhimmi.txt (989 words)

	dhimmi@Everything2.com
		Dhimmis did have to pay the head tax on non-Muslims, but their communities were left intact and they were allowed to worship as they pleased.
		Dhimmi were allowed to worship, but were not allowed to build new places of worship, and if their existing places of worship fell into disrepair they were not allowed to repair them.
		Dhimmis, as I understand it, are free from certain laws that are binding to Muslims, such as the compulsory charity and are permitted their own laws in substitute, such as Judaic law for example.
	www.everything2.com /index.pl?node_id=1066478 (3594 words)

	Bat Yeor on Dhimmitude on National Review Online
		The basic aspects of the dhimmi mentality are related to characteristics of its status and environment, because dhimmitude operates exclusively within the sphere of jihad.
		Because Christian dhimmi populations are on the whole highly skilled and better educated than the surrounding population, they often suffer from malicious jealousy coupled with the traditional anti-Christian prejudices of the Umma.
		Their role is to invent the idyllic Islamic-Christian past that upholds the political construction of a future Eurabia and to dissimulate the anti-Christian foundations of Islamic doctrine and history.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/comment-batyeor091803.asp (1584 words)

	Jews_ Islam
		Dhimmis, on pain of death, were forbidden to mock or criticize the Koran, Islam or Muhammad, to proselytize among Muslims or to touch a Muslim woman (though a Muslim man could take a nonMuslim as a wife).
		Dhimmis were excluded from public office and armed service, and were forbidden to bear arms.
		The dhimmi was not allowed to give evidence in court against a Muslim, and his oath was unacceptable in an Islamic court.
	www.geocities.com /muslimfreethinkers/jews_islam.htm (1351 words)

	Dhimmi - Conservapedia
		A Dhimmi (Arabic ذمي or أهل الذمة, also pronounced zimmi) is an Arabic term which refers to a non-Muslim person living on Muslim territory.
		Dhimmis are usually allowed to practice their own religion, as long as they do not publicly preach this religion.
		Disobedient or rebellious dhimmis were reduced to slavery—that is, if their lives were spared—and prisoners captured in jihad were also enslaved if they could not be exchanged or ransomed.
	www.conservapedia.com /Dhimmi (247 words)

	Dhimma, Dhimmi - The Peace Encyclopedia
		Therefore a dhimmi is a Jew or a Christian living in an Islamic country.
		He is to expect respect and deference from the dhimmi who shall not join a group of Muslims or raise his voice in their presence.
		A further example of the continuing dhimmi mentality is that Muslims are allowed [by Israel] a never-ending stream of hatred towards Judaism and Christianity, while a Jew who says something about Islam that is not flattering "should know better", and is therefore guilty of "incitement".
	peace.heebz.com /dhimma.html (1361 words)

	Dhimmis and Dhimmitude: The Status of Minorities Under Islamic Rule
		The word "dhimmitude" as a historical concept, was coined by Bat Ye'or in 1983 to describe the legal and social conditions of Jews and Christians subjected to Islamic rule.
		Dhimmi was the name applied by the Arab-Muslim conquerors to indigenous non-Muslim populations who surrendered by a treaty (dhimma) to Muslim domination.
		It also incorporates the relationship between the numerous ethno-religious dhimmi groups and the type of mentality that they have developed out of their particular historical condition which lasted for centuries, even in some Muslim countries, till today.
	www.dhimmitude.org (355 words)

	Dhimmi
		Dhimmis have limited autonomy, but full rights to practice their religion and are assured full protection by the rulers.
		Dhimmis who did not pay this tax, either had to convert to Islam or face the death penalty.
		This tax, higher than the tax Muslims had to pay, was on several occasions one of the most important sources of income for the rulers, and, therefore, they were often little inclined to encourage conversion to Islam, as this would represent a decrease in their income.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/dhimmi.htm (397 words)

	Comparing Jim Crow and Dhimmi Laws
		A Dhimmi means a “protected person” in Arabic and was someone who had chosen to be a second-class citizen under the protection of the Muslim army living on land within the borders of an/the Islamic nation(s).
		The Dhimmi laws were very straightforward and the expected national policy, but many of the Jim Crow laws had to be passed in a way to get around already established anti-discrimination laws of the Nation.
		Dhimmi laws however, were part of the religion and laws governing Muslim lands and still exist today in some Muslim lands.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/essays/comp/cw25minoritylaws.htm (1810 words)

	Dhimma, Dhimmi - The Peace FAQ
		Therefore a dhimmi is a Jew or a Christian living in an Islamic country.
		He is to expect respect and deference from the dhimmi who shall not join a group of Muslims or raise his voice in their presence.
		A further example of the continuing dhimmi mentality is that Muslims are allowed [by Israel] a never-ending stream of hatred towards Judaism and Christianity, while a Jew who says something about Islam that is not flattering "should know better", and is therefore guilty of "incitement".
	www.peacefaq.com /dhimma.html (1361 words)

	Urban Dictionary: dhimmi
		A Dhimmi is a word used by Muslims to describe a Christian or a Jew, and most recently people who do not follow Islam but live in an Islamic country or another country that does not follow Islam.
		Dhimmi's in past centuries who lived under a Muslim dominated country lost most of their legal rights and privileges if they did not convert to Islam.
		Dhimmi’s were also targeted and preyed upon because they were not allowed to testify in courts against Muslims, like Islamic or Sharia courts of today.
	www.urbandictionary.com /define.php?term=dhimmi (358 words)

	Dhimmi: Muslims
		Dhimmis often took cases relating to marriages, divorces and inheritance cases to the Muslim courts so that these cases would be decided under shari’a law.
		Dhimmi: A dhimmi is a free, non-Muslim subject of a state governed in accordance with syariah — Islamic law.
		A dhimmi is a person of the dhimma a term which refers in Islamic law to a pact contracted between non-Muslims and authorities from their Muslim government.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/dhimmi--muslims.html (333 words)

	Dhimmi: An Overview Coalition for the Defense of Human Rights
		In Shari’a law, there are official discriminations against the Dhimmi, such as the poll-tax or jizya.
		The protection of the Dhimmi is withdrawn if the Dhimmi rebels against Islamic law, gives allegiance to non-Muslim power (such as Israel), refuses to pay the poll-tax, entices a Muslim from his faith, or harms a Muslim or his property.
		For example, Islamists in Egypt who pillage and kill the Copts do so because they no longer pay their poll-tax and therefore are no longer protected.
	www.sullivan-county.com /z/dhimmi.htm (318 words)

	Unity Coalition for Israel
		Soon the dhimmi status, for what it was worth, was applied to Jews and Christians in many conquered lands of the Middle East.
		Dhimmi peoples were generally excluded from holding public office; were kept from many professions and high positions; or from being elevated, in any way, over Muslims.
		To further clarify their inferior status, the dhimmi were required to wear special clothing.
	www.israelunitycoalition.org /news/article.php?id=2131 (2212 words)

	"dhimmi" definition from Double-Tongued Dictionary
		210: Tolerated unbelievers were called dhimmi, or ahl al-dhimma, “the people of the pact.” This was a legal term for the tolerated and protected non-Muslim subjects of the Muslim state.…The dhimma, which determined their status, was conceived as a pact between the Muslim ruler and the non-Muslim communities and was thus essentially a contract.
		The basis of this contract was the recognition by the dhimmis of the supremacy of Islam and the dominance of the Muslim state, and their acceptance of a position of subordination, symbolized by certain social restrictions and by the payment of a poll tax (jizya) to which Muslims were not subject.
		In return, they were granted security of life and property, protection against external enemies, freedom of worship, and a very large measure of internal autonomy in the conduct of their affairs.
	www.doubletongued.org /index.php/dictionary/dhimmi (488 words)

	SlantRight: Dhimmitude: Understand It!
		These peoples and populations were known as dhimmis, and if such a status was not humiliating enough, a special tax or tribute, called the jizya, was imposed upon them and upon all dhimmis.
		dhimmis, on pain of death, were forbidden to mock or criticize the Koran, Islam or Muhammad, to proselytize among Moslems or to touch a Moslem woman (though a Moslem man could take a non-Moslem as a wife).
		The dhimmi was not allowed to give evidence in court against a Moslem, and his oath was unacceptable in an Islamic court.
	slantedright.blogspot.com /2006/11/dhimmitude-understand-it.html (2357 words)

	Dhimmis on Flickr - Photo Sharing!
		Dhimmis were subject to legal and social inferiority, and discrimination was permanent, necessary, and "inherent in the system and institutionalized in law and practice," due to the fact that Dhimmis were not allowed to testify against a Muslim in court.
		Dhimmis were allowed to operate their own courts following their own legal systems in cases that did not involve other religious groups, or capital offences or threats to public order.
		For dhimmis to be clearly distinguishable from Muslims in public, Muslim rulers often prohibited dhimmis from wearing certain types of clothing, while forcing them to put on highly distinctive garments, usually of a bright color.
	www.flickr.com /photos/20737445@N03/2127866015 (5760 words)

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