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Topic: Dialysis

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Mechanical respiration

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Cardiac pump

Enteric feeding

Urinary catheterization

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Catheter

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	Dialysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dialysis may be used for very sick patients who have suddenly lost their kidney function (acute renal failure) or for quite stable patients who have permanently lost their kidney function (end stage renal failure).
		By altering the composition of the dialysis fluid, the concentrations of undesired solutes (chiefly potassium and urea) in the fluid are low, but the desired solutes (for example sodium) are at their natural concentration found in healthy blood, or in the case of bicarbonate, greater, to neutralise the acidosis that is often present.
		In peritoneal dialysis, a special solution is run through a tube into the peritoneal cavity, the abdominal body cavity around the intestine, where the peritoneal membrane acts as a semipermeable membrane.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dialysis (853 words)

	Global Dialysis: What is Dialysis
		In acute renal failure, (renal) dialysis is generally initiated when the renal function has deteriorated to an extent that it is threatening the body's physiology.
		The bag of dialysis fluid is removed from the protective packaging, and is hung from an IV stand or other elevated location, such as a coat hook.
		Intermittent dialysis is associated with a steep drop in blood pressure, and dialysis patients are warned not to travel without assistance.
	www.globaldialysis.com /dialysis.asp (2538 words)

	Dialysis
		Dialysis is a method of removing toxic substances (impurities or wastes) from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so.
		Dialysis is most frequently used for patients who have kidney failure, but may also be used to quickly remove drugs or poisons in acute situations.
		Peritoneal dialysis works by using the body's peritoneal membrane, which is inside the abdomen, as a semi-permeable membrane.
	www.umm.edu /ency/article/003421.htm (798 words)

	Department of Nephrology Patient Care - Dialysis
		Dialysis is one way of replacing the critical function of the kidneys, or renal replacement therapy, thereby sustaining life.
		Peritoneal dialysis utilizes the peritoneal membrane, which is the lining of the abdominal cavity.
		This is how peritoneal dialysis is performed: a solution, called the dialysate, is fed into the peritoneal cavity (the spaces around the intestines and other organs) via a small tube (catheter) that has been placed there in a minor surgical procedure.
	www.clevelandclinic.org /nephrology/patient/dialysis.htm (766 words)

	Peritoneal dialysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Peritoneal dialysis works on the principle that the peritoneal membrane that surrounds the intestine, can act as a natural semipermeable membrane (see dialysis), and that if a specially formulated dialysis fluid is instilled around the membrane then dialysis can occur, by diffusion.
		Dialysis fluid is instilled via a peritoneal dialysis catheter, (the most common type is called a Tenckhoff Catheter) which is placed in the patient's abdomen, running from the peritoneum out to the surface, near the navel.
		Peritoneal dialysis is typically done in the patient's home and workplace, but can be done almost anywhere; a clean area to work, a way to elevate the bag of dialysis fluid and a method of warming the fluid are all that is needed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peritoneal_dialysis (1281 words)

	index
		Dialysis is a treatment for patients whose kidneys do not function well or no longer function at all.
		The patients go to a dialysis facility three times a week to receive treatments with a dialysis machine that pulls the patients blood through an artificial kidney called a dialyzer.
		In the history of dialysis the first dialysis patient was recorded as having a dialysis treatment in 1960 in Seattle.
	www.geocities.com /shoeshinerae (471 words)

	National Kidney Foundation: A to Z Health Guide Item
		Dialysis is a treatment that does some of the things done by healthy kidneys.
		Dialysis can be done in a hospital, in a dialysis unit that is not part of a hospital, or at home.
		Dialysis, as a regular treatment, was begun in 1960 and is now a standard treatment all around the world.
	www.kidney.org /atoz/atozItem.cfm?id=39 (1229 words)

	Dialysis
		The dialysis solution is used at about the body temperature, and consists of a solution of glucose, amino acids and mineral ions.
		Dialysis is conducted in a dedicated facility, either a special room in a hospital or a clinic that specializes in hemodialysis.
		The amount of fluid to be removed is set by the dialysis nurse according to the patient's "estimated dry weight." This is a weight that the care staff believes represents what the patient should weigh without fluid built up because of kidney failure.
	www.mrsci.com /Nephrology/Dialysis.php (2853 words)

	Living Day-to-Day with Kidney Dialysis
		About 90 percent of dialysis patients receive hemodialysis, in which the blood is circulated outside the body and cleaned inside a machine before returning to the patient.
		Some dialysis patients are not well enough for the rigors of a transplant operation and the drugs that follow, according to Robinson of the American Association of Kidney Patients.
		Dialysis survival in the United States after one year is 77 percent, according to the National Center for Health Statistics.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/5/1680_51149.htm (2683 words)

	Dialysis
		Dialysis is a procedure that is performed routinely on persons who suffer from acute or chronic renal failure.
		Dialysis may also be used for individuals who have been exposed to or ingested toxic substances to prevent renal failure from occurring.
		Hemodialysis is performed in a dialysis center or hospital by trained healthcare professionals.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/peds_urology/dialysis.cfm (398 words)

	eMedicine - Encephalopathy, Dialysis : Article Excerpt by: James W Lohr, MD
		Background: Dialysis encephalopathy is a progressive and frequently fatal neurologic disease observed almost exclusively in patients who are being treated with long-term hemodialysis.
		Another form of dialysis encephalopathy, termed the dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, is an acute disorder that occurs during or shortly after a hemodialysis procedure.
		Dialysis encephalopathy has been reported in children with chronic renal failure who have not been dialyzed, although they may have been exposed to aluminum-containing medications.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/encephalopathy-dialysis.htm (622 words)

	Dialysis
		If dialysis is being considered, it is best not to wait until conventional therapy has completely failed and the pet is on death’s door.
		Dialysis patients appear to be at higher risk for actual broken bones than are conventionally managed kidney patients.
		As is carnitine, taurine is lost in the process of dialysis with deficiency resulting in heart disease and (in cats) blindness.
	www.marvistavet.com /html/body_dialysis.html (1135 words)

	Kidney Dialysis
		In the kidney, the blood undergoes filtration and dialysis to separate the particles that will be removed from the body (through the ureter to the bladder) from those that will be returned to the circulating blood (through the renal vein).
		The tubule functions as a dialysis unit, in which the fluid inside the tubule is the internal solution and the blood (in capillaries surrounding the tubule) acts as the external solution.
		Thus, artificial kidney dialysis uses the same chemical principles that are used naturally in the kidneys to maintain the chemical composition of the blood.
	www.chemistry.wustl.edu /~edudev/LabTutorials/Dialysis/Kidneys.html (4733 words)

	The kidneys and body balance. What is dialysis? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In dialysis, a patient's blood is passed through a dialysis machine.
		The dialysis solution contains water, glucose, salts and various substances at the correct concentration for the body.
		CAPD (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis) is another sort of dialysis.
	www.schoolscience.co.uk /content/4/biology/abpi/kidneys/kid5.html (463 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Dialysis
		Dialysis can be performed using several different methods.
		It is important to adhere to the diet and medicines prescribed by the dialysis staff and your nephrologist.
		Dialysis serves to replace some of the functions of the kidney.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003421.htm (1010 words)

	Nephron Information Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		What was so astounding was that once he required dialysis, he accepted the challenge of having to adapt his own life, and once again it contributed to his success, but this time as a patient.
		Dialysis adequacy can be quantified and is easily measured on a monthly basis.
		The delivery of adequate dialysis is a joint effort between the health care team and the patient.
	nephron.com /dialysishg.html (963 words)

	Treatment Methods for Kidney Failure: Hemodialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Dialysis solution, also known as dialysate, is the fluid in the dialyzer that helps remove wastes and extra fluid from your blood.
		Most dialysis centers use two needles—one to carry blood to the dialyzer and one to return the cleaned blood to your body.
		Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet to preserve kidney function.
	kidney.niddk.nih.gov /kudiseases/pubs/hemodialysis/index.htm (3512 words)

	Dialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Dialysis is a therapy which eliminates the toxic wastes from the body when the kidney fails, and cannot do its job of eliminating these toxic wastes.
		In peritoneal dialysis the bodies own membrane is used as a filter, and the fluid drained in and out of the abdomen replaces the kidneys in getting rid of the body poisons.
		Dialysis Adequacy - The better the quality of your dialysis, the more waste products are removed, and the better you feel.
	www.nephron.com /dialysis.html (452 words)

	Adult Health Advisor 2005.4: Kidney Dialysis
		Dialysis is used when you have kidney (renal) failure.
		Dialysis is generally started when your kidneys are working at less than 10% of their normal function.
		When you have hemodialysis, the dialysis machine is attached to the access with a needle.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/aha_dialysis_sha.htm (724 words)

	FDA Offers Advice on Reopening Dialysis Centers
		Dialysis machines must be clean, dry, and disinfected prior to use.
		Schedule dialysis machines for preventative maintenance as soon as possible, even if returned to patient use, to ensure all aspects of operation are adequate.
		Do NOT do home dialysis if you are unsure whether or not your water supply is clean or if your dialysis machine was in a room that flooded.
	www.fda.gov /cdrh/emergency/dialysis.html (1777 words)

	Potential complications of dialysis - MayoClinic.com
		Dialysis is a lifesaving treatment for kidney failure.
		Insufficient dialysis can lead to inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart, which can interfere with your heart's ability to pump blood to the rest of your body.
		Depending on the type of dialysis you receive, potentially dangerous infections at the venous access point or peritoneal catheter are possible.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/dialysis/DA00092 (735 words)

	eMedicine - Encephalopathy, Dialysis : Article by James W Lohr, MD
		They are also effective in the treatment of seizures associated with dialysis encephalopathy, although patients may develop a tolerance to the benzodiazepines and subsequently require phenytoin or carbamazepine for seizure control.
		Dialysis encephalopathy can generally be managed on an outpatient basis unless the patient becomes frankly psychotic, at which point admission is indicated.
		All patients receiving dialysis therapy, as well as patients with chronic renal insufficiency, should be treated with phosphate binders that do not contain aluminum (eg, calcium carbonate, calcium acetate, sevelamer hydrochloride).
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic665.htm (2429 words)

	Guthrie - Services - Dialysis
		A peritoneal dialysis catheter is necessary to perform peritoneal dialysis.
		Peritoneal dialysis is the filtering of waste products from the blood using the peritoneal membrane as the semi-permeable membrane.
		To do peritoneal dialysis it is important that your catheter works properly and is free from infection.
	www.guthrie.org /Services/dialysis/cathcare.asp (1504 words)

	Dialysis Information on MedicineNet.com
		Dialysis is a procedure that is a substitute for many of the normal duties of the kidneys.
		Dialysis can allow individuals to live productive and useful lives, even though their kidneys no longer work adequately.
		Dialysis helps the body by performing the functions of failed kidneys.
	www.medicinenet.com /dialysis/article.htm (416 words)

	USATODAY.com - Science waking up to while-you-sleep dialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		His team of researchers followed 14 patients with end-stage kidney disease for a year and found "encouraging" results from their use of nighttime home dialysis, with improvements in cardiovascular markers not achieved by standard, three-times-a-week clinic-based dialysis.
		That's why the U.S. National Institutes of Health is helping sponsor the first major randomized, controlled study of both nocturnal dialysis and a second alternative protocol, "short daily dialysis," where patients visit the dialysis clinic six times per week, but for an average of just 2 hours a session.
		Chan's research also found that, unlike standard dialysis, sleep-time dialysis prevented the buildup of calcium phosphate within arteries — a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in these patients.
	www.usatoday.com /news/health/2005-03-25-dialysis_x.htm (821 words)

	Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis
		Chronic peritoneal dialysis is a procedure used to treat kidney failure.
		Peritoneal dialysis is more likely to be used with small children and infants whose veins are not large enough to support hemodialysis.
		Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is administered by the patient or a trained caregiver, who drains the dialysate fluid and adds fresh fluid around four to five times a day.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /healthinfo/c/chronicperitonealdialysis.htm (854 words)

	Peritoneal dialysis
		Peritoneal dialysis replaces the work of the kidneys when complications of kidney failure develop.
		Peritoneal dialysis does not cost as much as hemodialysis, because you can do it at home.
		In the United States, peritoneal dialysis is not used as frequently as hemodialysis for long-term treatment of adults.
	www.webmd.com /hw/kidney_failure/tv6900.asp (554 words)

	Global Dialysis: Directory of Dialysis Centers around the world
		Originally launched in January 2000 by Valda and Russell England, Global Dialysis was born out of the frustrations of trying to find dialysis centres for travelling.
		Information was gathered from the worldwide dialysis community with the aim of creating a single, free to use, directory of dialysis centres.
		The directory of dialysis centres has steadily grown to over 12,500 in 141 countries making it the largest database of dialysis centres available in the world.
	www.globaldialysis.com (226 words)

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