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Topic: Dielectric Heating

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	Theory of Dielectric Heating
		The theory of Dielectric Heating is based on the fact that disturbed water molecules cause friction, and therefore, create HEAT.
		The disturbance is caused by very high frequency cycle change (twenty seven million times per second), which moves the water molecules of glue at such a tempo that the friction generates heat, and the glue bond is complete.
		Because of the heat generated in the glue line, we recommend pre-catalyzed glue, which achieves faster and stronger results (i.e.
	www.workriteinc.com /001.html (166 words)

	Dielectric heating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dielectric heating is the phenomenon in which radiowave or microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material, especially as caused by dipole rotation.
		Since current flow implies that the material is not an electrical insulator this is rarely considered true dielectric heating.
		Dipole rotation is the mechanism normally referred to as dielectric heating, and is most widely observable in the microwave oven where it operates most efficiently on liquid water, and much less so on fats, sugars, and frozen water.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dielectric_heating (299 words)

	Dielectric heating device for heating cannula members - Patent 4628168
		The dielectric heating device of claim 4 wherein said die means on one of said electrodes comprises insulation means covering said one of said electrodes for protecting said surface of said cannula from the heat generated by said high frequency current to prevent burning and scorching of said cannula.
		The dielectric heating device of claim 4 wherein said die means comprises air vent means for permitting the escape of air from the interstices between said electrodes and said tubular members to prevent burning or scorching of said cannula.
		Thus, the configuration of the dies 54 and 56 of the dielectric heating apparatus 56 produces a cannula 10 having smooth, uniformly dimensioned surfaces 44 and 46.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4628168.html (6517 words)

	Heating - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cathode heater, a coil or filament used to heat the cathode in a vacuum tube or cathode ray tube
		Dielectric heating, the phenomenon in which radiowave or microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material
		Geothermal heat pump, a heat pump that uses the thermal mass of the Earth to regulate indoor temperatures
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Heating (424 words)

	Condensation resistant electrode for use in a dielectric heating apparatus - Patent 4692581
		According to the invention, there is a provision of a dielectric heating apparatus comprising a pair of electrodes opposing each other, and a means for the passage of a heated fluid arranged in the interior of at least one of the electrodes.
		In the latter case, the shape of the means for the passage of the heated fluid formed in the interior of the electrode body may properly be changed in accordance with the shape of the electrode to conduct the uniform heating of the electrode.
		Moreover, the means for the passage of the heated fluid is sufficient to be arranged in an electrode liable to cause water condensation among the electrodes used in the dielectric heating apparatus.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4692581.html (1631 words)

	Innovative Process Heating Technologies
		Dielectric heating, drying, and curing uses electromagnetic waves (microwaves and radio frequency waves) to vibrate molecules in electrically nonconducting materials.
		Using electron beams for heat treating applications is relatively new, with the primary application being in the automotive industry for local surface hardening of high-wear components.
		Induction heating occurs when metal is heated from the inside out after being placed within a wire coil with alternating current flowing through it.
	www.psnh.com /Business/ReduceBill/Technologies.asp (1314 words)

	MEAC : Microwave Energy Applications Company
		Though the dielectric heating can be used separately, from the technological and economic view it is often advantageous when combined with the conventional heating.
		Dielectric heating is frequently used for pre-heating, as the plastics, as a rule, are characterized by a low thermal conductivity.
		Microwave heating is proved in two variants - bonding by direct heating of two polymer layers and other materials, or by using a suscepting interlayer.
	www.meac.be /Application/plastic/plastic.htm (993 words)

	Application of dielectric heating to kill human pathogenic bacteria on alfalfa seeds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Application of dielectric heating to kill human pathogenic bacteria on alfalfa seeds
		The use of dielectric heating as a disinfection
		by dielectric heating was studied by experimental exposure of alfalfa seed artificially contaminated with
	www.sproutnet.com /Research/application_of_dielectric_heatin.htm (734 words)

	Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		A dielectric, or electrical insulator, is a substance that is highly resistant to flow of electric current.
		Dielectrics are more resistant to ionization than air, so a capacitor containing a dielectric can be subjected to a higher voltage.
		Considered in reverse, this argument means that, with a dielectric, a given electric potential causes the capacitor to accumulate a larger charge.
	www.wikiworld.biz /dielectric (203 words)

	Characterization of DNA Degradation Using Direct Current Conductivity and Dynamic Dielectric Relaxation Techniques
		The dielectric relaxation data were collected as a function of AC frequency, and the DC conductivity was measured as a function of concentration by water dilution at each selected time point after degradation was simulated.
		Dielectric storage, ε′, and dielectric loss, ε″, were calculated from the measured capacitance between the electrodes.
		Figure 1. The dielectric storage, ε′, and loss, ε″, as a function of the frequency for the 4 μg/mL human growth hormone in polyethylene glycol 300 solution after 0.5-hour and 1-hour sustained heating at 80°C. No significant difference was observed between 0.5-hour and 1-hour heating, suggesting that the method is insensitive to the DNA degradation.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt070236 (3812 words)

	91C-24 Dielectric properties of food relevant to RF and microwave pasteurization/sterilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Dielectric heating has potential to replace conventional retort for many heat sensitive foods because of a rapid and uniform heating by direct interaction of RF or microwave energy with the polar components in the food to generate frictional heat.
		The dielectric properties of foods are the principal parameters that determine the coupling and distribution of electromagnetic energy during RF and microwave processing.
		The objective of this research was to study the dielectric constants, loss factors, and penetration depths of whey protein gel, liquid whey protein mixture, macaroni noodles, cheese sauce, and macaroni and cheese over a temperature range from 20 to 121.1 °C at frequencies of 27, 40, 915, and 1800 MHz.
	ift.confex.com /ift/2002/techprogram/paper_11727.htm (384 words)

	Dielectric heating device - Patent 6396037
		At least one electromagnetic power source capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation suitable for dielectric heating is arranged to feed waves of such radiation into the cavity with circular polarization of the waves, to cause the cavity to act as a multimode resonant heating cavity.
		The heating device 10 is a microwave oven which may be used in both domestic and industrial applications for heating or cooking foodstuffs.
		Likewise, the heating device 10 includes a housing (whose side walls and roof are omitted for ease of illustration) generally indicated by reference numeral 24 and an access door 26 which forms one of the vertical cavity walls 16 of the cavity 14.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6396037.html (2289 words)

	Dielectric Heating (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Some dielectric materials' ability to conduct electricity (moderate resistivity) is good enough that an amount of RF or microwave current will flow and heat the material.
		A material capable of being heated with RF or microwave energy is said to be polar, referring to the fact that its molecules have both positive and negative opposing charges (dipolar).
		This method of generating heat within a material is termed dipole rotation and can be used to heat solids, liquids, or gases.
	www.cpii.com /bmd/cpinew/Tutorial/Dielectric_Heating/dielectric_heating.html (196 words)

	FDA/CFSAN: Kinetics of Microbial Inactivation for Alternative Food Processing Technologies -- Microwave and Radio ...
		The second major mechanism of heating with microwaves and radio frequency is through the oscillatory migration of ions in the food that generates heat under the influence of the oscillating electric field.
		In conventional heating, the surface is at the highest temperature, corresponding to the temperature of the heating medium.
		Heat generation within a material and throughout its volume due to the presence of an energy source that is dissipated throughout the volume (see volumetric heating).
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~comm/ift-micr.html (9206 words)

	SADHA News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The South African Dielectric Heating Association was formed to provide a forum where users and suppliers of microwave and radio frequency (RF) heating systems are able to participate in activities focused at transferring the technology.
		At the dielectric heating workshops held during July 1996 in Jhb and Cape Town, attendees were asked to nominate members for the SADHA committee.
		We also invite contributions from the dielectric heating industry, be it in the form of news, articles we can publish (especially) on successes etc. Please send your contributions and comments to the Editor, be it writing in, emailing or faxing.
	www.index.co.za /sadha (1336 words)

	Starch Adhesive
		Clearly the rate of heating and drying the wet material depends to a great extent on its moisture content and its distribution within the material, especially since many materials which have to be dried are good thermal insulators, as the water conducts most of the heat.
		Dielectric heating is a process in which heat is generated within a dielectric material by application of high-frequency electrical energy.
		This is what differentiates dielectric heating from conventional steam heated hot plates, wherein the heat must flow inward from the surfaces and the rate of flow is retarded by the usually low thermal conductivity paper.
	boxboard.com /ar/boxboard_starch_adhesive (2671 words)

	Dielectric Heating (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Located right next to it is a small heating unit that raises the temperature of the lines of the finger while they are...
		Dielectric heating is based on the principle of the fast prepolarisation of the molecules in most non-conductive materials, when these materials are exposed to the high frequency electromagnetic field
		Dielectric heating : Dielectric heating is a special way of transforming electric current into heat.
	electronic.rssg.info /Dielectric-heating.php (431 words)

	Oven liner for dielectric oven - Patent 5512737
		The dielectric oven of claim 6, wherein said housing comprises a top wall, a bottom wall, and at least one side wall, wherein said at least one air intake port is located in said at least one side wall and said at least one exhaust port is located in said top wall.
		The dielectric oven of claim 19, wherein at least one exhaust guide is formed in said liner top wall, wherein each of said at least one exhaust guide extends through a corresponding to one of said at least one exhaust port.
		A dielectric oven may include a heating cavity for receiving a tray containing the product during heating, a high frequency oscillating circuit, a power source for generating a high frequency electric signal, and electrodes for producing an electromagnetic field in the cavity to transfer power from the oscillating circuit to the product.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5512737.html (4818 words)

	Microwave Chemistry
		Where a dielectric material is not homogeneous, but consist of inclusions of one dielectric in another, it is still possible to treat the material theoretically.
		If the dielectric properties and geometry of the inclusions are known, it is possible to arrive at expressions for the dielectric behaviour of the bulk sample.
		The increase in the dielectric properties with temperature is especially important in the microwave heating of solids, as it introduces the phenomenon of thermal runaway.
	homepages.ed.ac.uk /ah05/ch1a.html (2289 words)

	Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy
		Additionally, the effects studied by DRS are of increasing importance for technical applications like dielectric heating or remote sensing [6,12,15-17].
		Recently, dielectric heating has become a popular tool in chemical synthesis because it is not only very efficient but for several classes of reactions otherwise inaccessible product pathways are followed.
		Barthel, H.Behret, and F.Schmithals, Dielectric Behaviour of Soltuions of Alkali Chlorides and Nitrates in the Microwave Region, Ber.
	www.uni-regensburg.de /Fakultaeten/nat_Fak_IV/Physikalische_Chemie/Kunz/research/drs.html (2153 words)

	Radio Frequency
		The material to be heated is conveyed between the electrodes where the alternating energy causes polar molecules in the material to continuously reorient themselves to face opposite poles much like the way bar magnets behave in an alternating magnetic field.
		The amount of heat generated in the product is determined by the frequency, the square of the applied voltage, dimensions of the product and the dielectric loss factor of the material which is essentially a measure of the ease with which the material can be heated by radio frequency waves.
		From the above formula, if we assume the dielectric loss factor, frequency, and treatment time were constant throughout the product being pasteurized then we can assume that the variability in heating experienced throughout the bulk nuts at microwave frequencies was attributable to variations in electric field intensity.
	www.radiofrequency.com /pressreleases/pr_17.html (1255 words)

	High frequency dielectric heating, radio frequency drying, food processing, textile drying, paper drying
		High Frequency dielectric heating is proven as the most efficient method of drying water based adhesives, emulsions and coatings at high production speeds.
		Water is so receptive to the effect of dielectric heating due to its high dielectric loss factor.
		Heating is dominant in areas, which contain the most water.
	www.strayfield.co.uk /paper.htm (140 words)

	Delphius
		Delphius is involved in many aspects of dielectric heating, ranging from test and measurement to design and manufacture of equipment.
		We have facilities to measure the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of materials at all the allocated RF and microwave heating frequencies.
		Since the dielectric properties of materials vary over temperature, our high temperature facility can measure dielectric properties up to 1400°C. This information is invaluable in deciding whether to use conventional preheating of ceramics, etc. to ensure the best utilisation of MW or RF heating.
	www.delphius.co.za /prodserv/fec.html (397 words)

	dielectric heating book: essayshotline.com- essays hotline, term papers hotline, book report hotline, research papers ...
		On essayshotline.com there are hundreds of free essay abstracts written by your fellow college students on dielectric heating book.
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	www.essayshotline.com /term-papers/204765/dielectric-heating-book.html (442 words)

	Radio Frequency Dielectric Heating of Alfalfa Seed for Reduction of Human Pathogens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Radio frequency and microwave dielectric heating treatments were earlier found effective for increasing the germination of alfalfa seed lots that contain percentages of hard seed, i.e., seed with naturally impermeable seed coats that protect the seed, but also prevent the entrance of moisture needed for germination.
		Therefore, research was conducted to determine whether such dielectric heating treatments might be useful in reducing bacterial populations on alfalfa seed.
		Thus, dielectric heating treatments that produce moderate reductions in bacterial populations and improve sprout yield might be considered for application, but are not likely to provide the desired control of bacteria that may contaminate alfalfa seed stocks intended for sprout production.
	www.sproutnet.com /Research/radio.htm (434 words)

	Workforce Development: Product Detail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Describe dielectric heating; show an understanding of the principles of operation and the basic system block diagram; describe the types of equipment in use; explain the importance of proper operating frequency; discuss safety procedures and electrode types.
		Describe induction heating; show an understanding of the principles of operation and the basic system block diagram; describe the types of equipment in use; explain the importance of proper operating frequency and the uses for different coil forms.
		Describe a typical dielectric heating unit and a typical induction heating unit, including operation and a circuit description.
	www.edstudentservices.com /bnicorp/coursedesc.jhtml?course=B1504 (119 words)

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