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Topic: Diffie Hellman

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	Diffie-Hellman key exchange - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The scheme was first published publicly by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman in 1976, although it later emerged that it had been discovered a few years earlier within GCHQ, the British signals intelligence agency, by Malcolm J. Williamson but was kept classified.
		In 2002, Hellman suggested the algorithm be called Diffie-Hellman-Merkle key exchange in recognition of Ralph Merkle's contribution to the invention of public-key cryptography (Hellman, 2002).
		Diffie-Hellman key agreement was invented in 1976 during a collaboration between Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman and was the first practical method for establishing a shared secret over an unprotected communications channel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Diffie-Hellman (1212 words)

	ICS 54: History of Public-Key Cryptography
		The patent granted to Diffie and Hellman is the first of a group that emerged from scientists at Stanford University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the end of the 1970's.
		By everyone's estimation, the invention by Diffie and Hellman was a pivotal moment in network security, a crucial component of public privacy, and also an elegant and simple mathematical solution.
		While Diffie was technically a graduate student at the time, both he and his nominal adviser, Hellman, both agree that this was more a convenient classification that made it easier for Hellman to use research money to provide support.
	www.ics.uci.edu /~ics54/doc/security/pkhistory.html (3659 words)

	Other algorithms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Diffie Hellman is a key exchange algorithm based on modulo arithmetic, that can be used to securely exchange keys between two systems that don't share any mutual keys.
		Diffie Hellman operates in a large modulo number space, but doesn't rely on properties as exotic as RSA.
		The stolen key could be used to fabricate false credentials for future sessions, but couldn't be used to decrypt previous sessions because the session keys were exchanged using Diffie Hellman.
	www.freesoft.org /CIE/Topics/145.htm (471 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Diffie and Hellman would have published their system anyway.
		Diffie disclosed the idea of public-key cryptography at a conference in June 1976.
		Diffie and Hellman also distributed preprints of their ``New Directions in Cryptography'' paper, which disclosed the Diffie-Hellman system, at that conference and by mail.
	cr.yp.to /patents/us/4200770.html (118 words)

	Diffie-Hellman key exchange - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The simplest, and original, implementation of the protocol uses the multiplicative group of integers modulo p, where p is prime.
		New Directions in Cryptography (http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/340126.html) W. Diffie and M. Hellman, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.
		An Overview of Public Key Cryptography (http://www.comsoc.org/livepubs/ci1/public/anniv/pdfs/hellman.pdf) Martin E. Hellman, IEEE Communications Magazine, May 2002, pp:42-49.
	www.marylandheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Diffie-Hellman (1163 words)

	RSA Security - 3.6.1 What is Diffie-Hellman?
		The Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol (also called exponential key agreement) was developed by Diffie and Hellman [DH76] in 1976 and published in the ground-breaking paper "New Directions in Cryptography." The protocol allows two users to exchange a secret key over an insecure medium without any prior secrets.
		The authenticated Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol, or Station-to-Station (STS) protocol, was developed by Diffie, van Oorschot, and Wiener in 1992 [DVW92] to defeat the man-in-the-middle attack on the Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol.
		The immunity is achieved by allowing the two parties to authenticate themselves to each other by the use of digital signatures (see Question 2.2.2) and public-key certificates (see Question 4.1.3.10).
	www.rsasecurity.com /rsalabs/node.asp?id=2248 (651 words)

	Diffie-Hellman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A typical solution to this problem is for the two parties to agree about a method of concealing the contents of their communication by means of a public negotiation.
		Diffie and Helman proposed a method which can also be used in the context of a given RSA crypto-system.
		An RSA system with encryption modulus R is given.
	math.boisestate.edu /~marion/teaching/m124f04/DiffieHellman.htm (255 words)

	Diffie-Hellman key exchange (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The 1976 publication of “New Directions in Cryptography,” by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman, was epochal in cryptographic history.
		Many regard it as the beginning of public-key cryptography, analogous to a first shot in what has become an ongoing battle over privacy, civil liberties, and the meaning of sovereignty in cyberspace.
		I’ve included demos for 3 and 4 people, illustrating again that the final keys will be identical.
	gauss.ececs.uc.edu /Users/Franco/Project/dh.htm (423 words)

	Some Quotes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A review of Diffie and Hellman's groundbreaking article is amusing, because the reviewer, J.S. Joel, says ``They propose a couple of techniques for implementing the system, but the reviewer was unconvinced.''
		Diffie, Whitfield; Hellman, Martin E. New directions in cryptography.
		The authors discuss some of the recent results in communications theory that have arisen out of the need for security in the key distribution channels.
	math.stanford.edu /~rubin/110/stein/html/node3.html (240 words)

	Diffie Hellman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first ever public key protocol was introduced by Diffie and Hellman.
		The Diffie Hellman system works as follows: Two parties who wish to send encrypted messages to each other are going to agree on a secret symmetric encryption key by means of a public negotiation (i.e., open to any eavesdroppers).
		Intuitively, the prime number P acts as the container for the message, while the secret number DHS acts as a lock and the secret number UDHS acts as a key for unlocking the given lock.
	math.boisestate.edu /~marion/teaching/fallcrypto02/dhsystem.htm (438 words)

	[No title]
		Copyright (C) 1991-1993 RSA Laboratories, a division of RSA Data Security, Inc. License to copy this document is granted provided that it is identified as "RSA Data Security, Inc. Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS)" in all material mentioning or referencing this document.
		Scope This standard describes a method for implementing Diffie- Hellman key agreement, whereby two parties, without any prior arrangements, can agree upon a secret key that is known only to them (and, in particular, is not known to an eavesdropper listening to the dialogue by which the parties agree on the key).
		The input to the first phase shall be the Diffie- Hellman parameters.
	www.eecis.udel.edu /~mills/database/rsa/pkcs-3.asc (1488 words)

	Diffie-Hellman (Linktionary term) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman published the first public-key algorithm in 1976.
		However, Diffie and Hellman did not put their system to actual use.
		Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Len Adleman developed the first practical system based on Diffie and Hellman's concepts in 1978.
	www.linktionary.com /d/diffie.html (174 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol (also called exponential key agreement) was developed by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman in 1976 and published in the ground-breaking paper "New Directions in Cryptography." The protocol allows two users to exchange a secret key over an insecure medium without any prior secrets.
		The authenticated Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol, or Station-to-Station (STS) protocol, was developed by Diffie, van Oorschot, and Wiener in 1992 to defeat the man-in-the-middle attack on the Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol.
		W Diffie, M E Hellman, "Privacy and Authentication: An Introduction to Cryptography", Proc.
	www.cypherus.com /resources/docs/pirooz.htm (2774 words)

	The Diffie-Hellman Protocol - Maurer, Wolf (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Abstract: The 1976 seminal paper of Diffie and Hellman is a landmark in the history of cryptography.
		406 IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (context) - Diffie, Hellman et al.
		2 the connection between discrete logarithms and the Diffie-He..
	citeseer.csail.mit.edu /maurer99diffiehellman.html (873 words)

	RFC 2631 (rfc2631) - Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Method
		The Diffie-Hellman variant described requires the recipient to have a certificate, but the originator may have a static key pair (with the public key placed in a certificate) or an ephemeral key pair.
		Introduction In [DH76] Diffie and Hellman describe a means for two parties to agree upon a shared secret in such a way that the secret will be unavailable to eavesdroppers.
		This secret may then be converted into cryptographic keying material for other (symmetric) algorithms.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc2631.html (2700 words)

	Diffie-Hellman key exchange
		There is a theorem that if you take a prime modulus, then there is always some generator, and in fact 2 often works.
		The idea of Diffie and Hellman is that it's easy to compute powers modulo a prime but hard to reverse the process: If someone asks which power of 2 modulo 11 is 7, you'd have to experiment a bit to answer, even though 11 is a small prime.
		If you use a huge prime istead, then this becomes a very difficult problem even on a computer.
	www.math.ucla.edu /~baker/40.1.99w/handouts/rev_DH/node1.html (1033 words)

	Tasty Bits from the Technology Front: TBTF for 1997-12-24: Tormenting the Babel fish
		The English predated Diffie and Hellman by 3 years.
		The British intelligence agency GCHQ last week released a paper [21] stating that officers of the British intelligence service discovered public-key cryptography years before Hellman, Diffie, Merkle, Rivest, Shamir, and Adelman.
		The first public step toward public-key encryption was the publication of Diffie and Hellman's paper in April of 1976.
	www.tbtf.com /archive/1997-12-24.html (3772 words)

	New Directions in Cryptography - Diffie, Hellman (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		New Directions in Cryptography - Diffie, Hellman (ResearchIndex)
		@article{ diffie76new, author = "Whitfield Diffie and Martin E. Hellman", title = "New Directions in Cryptography", journal = "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory", volume = "IT-22", number = "6", pages = "644--654", date = "November 1976", year = "1976", url = "citeseer.ist.psu.edu/diffie76new.html" }
		The graph only includes citing articles where the year of publication is known.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /diffie76new.html (319 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Abstract This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
		In particular, it defines a textual convention for doing Diffie- Hellman key agreement key exchanges and a set of objects which extend the usmUserTable to permit the use of a DH key exchange in addition to the key change method described in [14].
		In other words, this MIB adds the possibility of forward secrecy to the USM model.
	www.isi.edu /in-notes/OLD/ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ops-rfc2786std-00.txt (2417 words)

	Application: Diffie-Hellman key exchange (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		How do two people, Amelia and Ben, share a secret over an open channel of communications?
		It may seem incredible at first, but it is possible and is the remarkable discovery of Whitfield Diffie, now at Sun Microsystems, and Martin Hellman, an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University, in 1976.
		The idea is to first determine a shared secret key, which one could use (for example) to encrypt the messages between them.
	web.usna.navy.mil /~wdj/book/node47.html (88 words)

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