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Topic: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine

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Digital image processing

Medical image processing

Medical ethics

Medical imaging

	Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) is a comprehensive set of standards for handling, storing and transmitting information in medical imaging.
		DICOM was developed to enable integration of scanners, servers, workstations and network hardware from multiple vendors into a picture archiving and communication system.
		There is also an ongoing media exchange test and connectathon process for CD media that is organized by the IHE organization.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/DICOM (519 words)

	RFC 3240 (rfc3240) - Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM
		Abstract This document describes the registration of the MIME sub-type application/dicom (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine).
		The baseline encoding is defined by the DICOM Standards Committee in "Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine".
		Published specification: The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard is a standard of the DICOM Standards Committee, published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300 N. 17th Street, Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 USA, (http://medical.nema.org).
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc3240.html (827 words)

	ADA.org: ADA News: DICOM promotes digital X-ray standards
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine creates the interoperability necessary for dentists to communicate digital radiographs to any third party, such as other dentists and specialists, and between practice management systems and software systems from different vendors.
		In the future, communication of dental digital diagnostic images will be as easy as sending a fax and it will be difficult for vendors of digital dental systems to resist becoming DICOM conformant if they wish to compete in the market, he says.
		He estimates that some 20 percent of the dental market is already digital, with the largest practice management companies claiming users of digital systems varying from a high of 40 percent to a low of 17 percent in the United States.
	www.ada.org /prof/resources/pubs/adanews/adanewsarticle.asp?articleid=1696 (911 words)

	InSiteOne - Online Digital Image Storage - offline medical record archiving (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The transition from film radiology to digital imaging within the medical community is still in its early stages; however the market potential is enormous.
		While the motivation is compelling, the transition to digital imaging is a difficult task requiring expensive equipment, management and training at a time when hospitals are faced with unrelenting pressure to increase efficiency and lower costs.
		DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) is a standard for interconnecting medical imaging equipment and devices on computing networks.
	www.insiteone.com /rsna/faq.htm (1472 words)

	A Nontechnical Introduction to DICOM
		The initial goal in developing a standard for the transmission of digital images was to enable users to retrieve images and associated information from digital imaging equipment in a standard format that would be the same across multiple manufacturers.
		The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard was the result of this effort.
		In digital imaging, however, the difference of a few bytes can make it impossible to transfer an image from one system to another.
	www.rsna.org /Technology/DICOM/intro (647 words)

	Page 1 - Scientific Imaging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		CANVAS 9 Scientific Imaging Edition is the first application of its kind to deliver a vast array of exciting new capabilities to those who need to open, analyze, and incorporate DICOM images into a graphics project.
		Unlike digital photographs that have been recorded by a digital camera or scanner, the images that are captured by specialized medical, geological, or other scientific devices may contain 16-bit or 32 bits of information per grayscale channel; i.e., each pixel within these files is a virtual container for numerical data.
		DICOM files (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) are the most commonly used file format within the medical imaging field.
	www.deneba.com /community/howto/scientific (626 words)

	NEMA - Diagnostic Imaging and Therapy Systems Division
		The Diagnostic Imaging and Therapy Systems, or Medical Division, leads and assists the diagnostic imaging and therapy systems industry in defining domestic and international policy, regulations, legislation, standardization, and guidance on medical devices.
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Part 1: Introduction and Overview
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Part 5: Data Structures and Encoding
	www.nema.org /medical (946 words)

	Image File Formats and Organization
		The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM, pronounced "dye-com") standard is the most comprehensive version of an imaging communications standard developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) in conjunction with the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA).
		Yes, the Windows imaging default imaging program on the Windows platform is good for basic things and even for transferring images from PACS to the o clipboard to another program, but Photoshop is really the gold standard for imaging editing, and I like Debabelizer for image translation.
		Gibb's phenomenon exists in the digital imaging and photography world, but for us, as neuroradiologists, it is the bright abnormal signal that you might see on sagittal T2 weighted images through the spine, that is not there on the axials or T1 sagittal views.
	www.asnr.org /elc_2004/Wiggins_Images (4572 words)

	Conclusions
		DICOM stands for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine.
		When one is evaluating a digital system, it is important to determine if the system is DICOM compliant.
		This is of particular importance when one is contemplating digital image submission to insurance companies or determining if all of the office software is compatible (e.g., dental record, voice activated charting).
	www.thejcdp.com /issue012/williamson/14williamson.htm (171 words)

	NEMA - NEMA Releases 2004 Revision of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard
		For network communications, a set of protocols to be followed by devices claiming conformance to the standard.
		For media communication, a set of media storage services to be followed by devices claiming conformance to the standard, as well as a file format and a medical directory structure to facilitate access to the images and related information stored on an interchange media.
		DICOM is the result of over 20 years of collaboration between software engineers from all major imaging and computer companies, physicians (represented by major professional societies), plus government agencies and trade associations from around the world.
	www.nema.org /media/pr/20041220a.cfm (971 words)

	DICOM and Dentistry - An Introduction to the Standard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The rapid adoption of DICOM by the medical imaging industry is opening new opportunities for health care organizations to increase the quality and cost effectiveness of patient care.
		Current digital imaging systems have provided high-quality images for diagnosis (acquisition and display), but typically have not provided the necessary exchange and/or archive functions.
		Now that the DICOM Standard completely supports most of the different types of imaging devices used in dentistry, we must continue to be active in the promotion of the DICOM standard by equipment manufacturers and clinicians in the field of dentistry.
	ddsdx.uthscsa.edu /DICOM.html (1496 words)

	DICOM Structured Reporting: Part 1. Overview and Characteristics -- Hussein et al. 24 (3): 891 -- RadioGraphics
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), supplement 23: structured reporting storage SOP classes Rosslyn, Va: NEMA, 2000.
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), supplement 59: Key Object Selection Document SOP class Rosslyn, Va: NEMA, 2001.
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), part 3: information object definitions Rosslyn, Va: NEMA, 2003.
	radiographics.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/24/3/891 (1889 words)

	Full Story - Healthcare Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Because medical imaging equipment may interoperate with other medical devices, the scope of this Standard overlaps with other areas of medical informatics.
		PS 3.8 of the DICOM Standard specifies the communication services and the upper layer protocols necessary to support, in a networked environment, communication between DICOM Application Entities as specified in PS 3.3, PS 3.4, PS 3.5, PS 3.6, and PS 3.7.
		These communication services and protocols ensure that communication between DICOM Application Entities is performed in an efficient and coordinated manner across the network.
	www.expresshealthcaremgmt.com /20001216/medsoft1.htm (1082 words)

	The DICOM Medical Imaging Standard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This Standard has been developed with an emphasis on diagnostic medical imaging as practiced in radiology and related disciplines; however, it is thought to be applicable to a wide range of image related information exchanged in a clinical environment.
		These communication services and protocols ensure that communication between DICOM Application Enitities is performed in an efficient and coordinated manner across the network.
		These communication protocols specified by PS 3.8 are general purpose communication protocols (OSI, TCP/IP) and not versions specific to the DICOM Standard.
	www.leadtools.com /home2/DICOM/DICOMstnd.htm (3420 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		INTERNET-DRAFT D. Clunie Category: Informational E. Cordonnier DICOM Committee June 2001 Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) - Application/dicom MIME Sub-type Registration draft-dicom-media-type-00.txt Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft and is subject to all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026 except that the right to produce derivative works is not granted.
		Interoperability considerations : Because DICOM information is specific to the medical (imaging) domain, generic e-mail applications may not be able to interpret the information.
		Published specification : The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard is a standard of the DICOM Standards Committee, published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300 N. 17th Street, Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 USA, (http://medical.nema.org).
	quimby.gnus.org /internet-drafts/draft-dicom-media-type-00.txt (809 words)

	Testimony by Steven Horii for the October 10, 2001 NCVHS Subcommittee on Standards and Security
		As radiology departments have changed from analog imaging (which is largely film-based) to digital techniques, they have started to move, display, and store digital medical images using computer-based systems.
		That is, to get images from imaging equipment (CT, MRI, ultrasound, nuclear medicine and other scanners, phosphor plate and direct capture digital radiographic systems, etc.) from those devices to diagnostic and review workstations, and to short- and long-term storage systems.
		DICOM has become the predominant standard for radiological imaging and is rapidly being adopted by other specialties that generate digital images (cardiology, ophthalmology, endoscopy, dermatology, et cetera).
	www.ncvhs.hhs.gov /011010p3.htm (2370 words)

	ARCHIVING - INSITEONE - DICOM solutions, record storage management, VPN
		The InDex Web-enabled service is an affordable and versatile solution for short-term storage, retrieval and long-term archiving of DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) and non-DICOM medical images including ultrasound, MRI, CT and radiotherapy.
		It offers hospitals, imaging centers and physician group practices exceptional speed, flexibility, economy and security in accessing and archiving digital images.
		It offers hospitals, imaging centers and physician group practices a versatile, affordable and secure method for on-site and off-site warehousing, storage and access of digital radiological images.
	www.insiteone.com /whatsnew_pressrelease_detail.asp?id=133 (528 words)

	Product News Network: Imaging Application is suited for medical OEMs
		The ExamineRT software application provides advanced, accelerated visualization capabilities, server and thin- client support, and complete digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) integration, resulting in optimized workflow and increased productivity for OEM applications in diagnostic, interventional, and molecular imaging, as well as for picture archiving and communication systems (PACS).
		Mercury will hold demonstrations on its new life sciences solutions, including the latest acceleration technology, scalable imaging servers, embedded software components, and turnkey medical workstation software, in booth #2775 at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), to be held November 28 to December 3 in Chicago, Illinois.
		Mercury's systems are also used in state-of-the-art medical diagnostic imaging devices including MRI, CT, PET, and digital X-ray, and in semiconductor imaging applications including photomask generation and wafer inspection.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0PIL/is_2004_Dec_2/ai_n7585611 (651 words)

	Standards Organizations
		The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard was developed for the transmission of images and is used internationally for Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS).
		This group within the Institute of Medicine has the charge of producing a detailed plan to facilitate the development of data standards applicable to the collection, coding, and classification of patient safety information.
		The UMLS is a long term research and development project of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) that began in 1986.
	aspe.hhs.gov /sp/nhii/standards.html (979 words)

	RFC3240
		This document describes the registration of the MIME sub-type application/dicom (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine).
		Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) specifies protocols and formats for the exchange of images, time-based waveforms, reports, and associated information for medical applications.
		The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard is a standard of the DICOM Standards Committee, published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300 N. 17th Street, Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 USA, (http://medical.nema.org).
	www.scit.wlv.ac.uk /appdocs/rfcs/rfc32xx/RFC3240.html (744 words)

	[No title]
		The host imaging system may automatically decide which printer to use for each type of image it generates, or the user can manually designate the printer destination for each image stored.
		The user of the host imaging system may select one of these Scheduled Procedure Steps as the source of patient identity, patient demographics, and study management identifiers for all images acquired during the exam.
		Communication Timeouts and Wait Periods Network timeouts are pre-selected to be appropriate to a large range of network configurations.
	www.medical.philips.com /main/products/ultrasound/assets/docs/cardiology/7500_dicom.doc (7331 words)

	Newport Instruments\|CytometryML
		In fact, both a flow cytometer and a digital microscope were derived by restriction from a generic cytometry instrument.
		The feasibility of creating a common data specification for digital microscopy and flow cytometry in a manner consistent with its use for medical devices and interoperability with both hospital information and picture archiving systems has been demonstrated by the creation of the CytometryML schemas.
		The most reasonable replacement is as a supplement to the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, DICOM 3.0, standard.
	www.newportinstruments.com /cytometryml/cytometryml.htm (1992 words)

	Digital Imaging Standards: American Academy of Ophthalmology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To foster standardized methods for exchange of digital clinical data in ophthalmology, the Academy has been working with several standards-based approaches to facilitate the use of digital imaging in ophthalmology.
		DICOM-Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine is the global standard for exchanging biomedical imaging and image information.
		DICOM is also developing a standardized approach for Structured Reporting-elements of the metadata that describe the content of images.
	www.aao.org /education/library/memberalert/digital.cfm?RenderForPrint=1 (260 words)

	DICOM: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine
		DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) is the industry standard for transferral of radiologic images and other medical information between computers.
		Patterned after the Open System Interconnection of the International Standards Organization, DICOM enables digital communication between diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and systems from various manufacturers.
		For example, workstations, CT scanners, MR imagers, film digitizers, shared archives, laser printers, and host computers and mainframes made by multiple vendors and located at one site or many sites can "talk to one another" by means of DICOM across an "open-system" network.
	www.rsna.org /Technology/DICOM/index.cfm (606 words)

	ASTM DICONDE Standard
		Its Subcommittee E07.11 on Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE) is guiding the evolution of standards designed to exploit a universally compatible image data format.
		When digital medical image sources were introduced in the 1970s, computers were used to process these images after their acquisition.
		A copy of the image is also sent to the customer via a secure, private network where local NDT personnel can use the image to compare with other, subsequently acquired images as to when to replace the part after significant wear and tear occur.
	www.astm.org /SNEWS/OCTOBER_2003/voelker_oct03.html (831 words)

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