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Topic: Digital rectal examination

	Rectal examination - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A rectal examination or rectal exam is an internal examination of the rectum by a physician.
		The digital rectal examination (DRE) is the simplest procedure.
		The patient is placed in a position where the anus is accessible and relaxed (lying on the side, squatting on the examination table, bent over the examination table, etc).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Digital_rectal_examination (155 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer: Digital rectal examination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		The digital rectal examination (DRE) is a routine part of the physical examination and includes manual examination of the rectum, anus and, in men, the prostate.
		The purpose of the digital rectal examination is to identify lesions within the rectum and the prostate.
		Digital examination can detect a stenosis (or narrowing) of the anal canal, assess the tone and strength of the anal muscles or detect the presence of a rectal mass or fecal impaction.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_gGEC/is_0011/ai_2699001139 (730 words)

	BPH Library—Digital Rectal Examination
		Because the prostate is located deep within the body, and cannot be seen or felt from the outside, a physician must examine the prostate manually with a digital rectal exam (DRE).
		During DRE, the patient is asked to bend forward over the examination table, or lie on his side or kneel on the table.
		DRE is a less effective screening tool than the prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test, but it can sometimes detect cancers in men with a normal PSA level.
	hopkinsprostate.com /prostateLibraries/plBPH_dre.html (226 words)

	Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
		During the examination, a health professional inserts a lubricated, gloved finger of one hand into the rectum and may use the other hand to press on the lower abdomen or pelvic area.
		Although a DRE is often included as part of a routine physical examination to screen for abnormal growths in the rectum, DRE alone is not used to diagnose colorectal cancer.
		During a digital rectal examination, your health professional checks for abnormalities of organs or other structures in the pelvis and lower abdominal area by inserting a lubricated, gloved finger of one hand into the rectum.
	www.webmd.com /hw/colorectal_cancer/hw4404.asp (1094 words)

	From The Cleveland Clinic: The Digital Rectal Examination
		The digital rectal exam is typically done during a standard physical exam for men an during a pelvic exam for women.
		Note: Although the digital rectal exam is often part of the routine examination to screen for colorectal cancer, the test alone is not used to diagnose the disease.
		If the digital rectal exam is suspicious for colorectal cancer, further tests such as flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, or barium enema may be needed.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/83/97964 (515 words)

	eMJA: Experience and attitudes of final-year medical students to digital rectal examination
		The number of times students had palpated a prostate and various abnormalities on DRE is shown in Box 1; 63% of students had palpated a prostate, 24% a prostate cancer, 19% a rectal tumour, and 11% faecal constipation.
		Of the 185 students who had performed one or more DREs, 92% said they were supervised most of the time (defined as responses “all the time” or “more than half the time”), while 80% had their findings confirmed most of the time (97, all the time and 51, more than half the time).
		Ethical opposition to unnecessary DRE (22%), being of the opposite sex as the patient (16%), and fear of being reported by patients and disciplined for “doing the wrong thing” (15%) were less common impediments.
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/181_06_200904/law10369_fm.html (2303 words)

	Urological Research Foundation - Digital rectal examination for detecting prostate cancer at prostate specific antigen ...
		or less and digital rectal examination was suspicious for prostate cancer we compared compliance with biopsy recommendations, cancer detection rates, and stage and grade of cancers detected.
		We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict cancer based on clinical characteristics, and evaluated the positive predictive value of digital rectal examination for detecting cancer as stratified by race and PSA.
		The majority of cancer cases detected by digital rectal examination had features of clinically important and potentially curable disease.
	www.drcatalona.com /showarticle.asp?pubid=35 (252 words)

	American Family Physician: Digital Rectal Examination in Children with Constipation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		Treatment recommendations by the pediatric gastroenterologists for the 98 children without a prior rectal examination included aggressive enemas followed by high-dose laxative therapy in 69 children; 15 others were given aggressive laxative therapy without enemas, and three were treated with mineral oil.
		The authors' primary observation from this study is that a rectal examination in children with chronic constipation is infrequently performed.
		Reasons for the examination not being performed could include the primary care physician's lack of comfort with performing rectal examinations or fear of traumatizing the child.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_5_60/ai_57437005 (613 words)

	Prostate Cancer Diagnosis - Urologychannel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		In a DRE, the physician inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel the surface of the prostate gland.
		The biopsy sample(s) is examined under a microscope for cells or groups of cells that are markedly different from healthy tissue.
		The pathologist examines two tissue samples taken from different areas of the tumor and assigns a score of 1 to 5 to each sample.
	www.urologychannel.com /prostate/cancer/diagnosis.shtml (1066 words)

	Rectal examination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		Rectal examination or digital rectal examination (DRE) is performed by means of inserting a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum and palpating (feeling) for lumps.
		DRE is used as a screening tool to locate rectal cancer and prostate cancer.
		Of less predictive value was DRE in routine rectovaginal examinations of women under the age of 50.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/rectal_examination.jsp (627 words)

	Digital Rectal Examination For Prostate Problems
		The digital rectal exam (DRE) is a test used to assist in screening for prostate cancer.
		The digital rectal exam is typically done during a standard physical exam for men.
		To screen for prostate cancer, the digital rectal exam is recommended annually in all men beginning at age 45.
	www.cchs.net /health/health-info/docs/1600/1694.asp?index=7045 (316 words)

	DRE \| Prostate Cancer Information \| UPMC Cancer Centers
		A digital rectal examination (DRE), performed as part of an annual physical checkup, is one of the most important tests for the early detection of prostate cancer.
		During the DRE, a doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the patient's rectum to feel for lumps, enlargements, or areas of hardness that might indicate prostate cancer.
		A digital rectal examination allows a doctor to feel only the back wall of the prostate gland, so any abnormalities located in the middle or front part of the gland cannot be felt.
	www.upmccancercenters.com /cancer/prostate/dre.html (360 words)

	Urological Research Foundation - Effect of digital rectal examination and needle biopsy on serum total and percentage ...
		PURPOSE: We determined the effect of digital rectal examination and prostatic biopsy on serum total and free prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in men undergoing screening for prostate cancer.
		Total and free PSA measurements were repeated 1 and 24 hours after the rectal examination.
		At 1 hour after rectal examination total and free PSA increased by more than the biological variation in 31 and 48% of the men, respectively.
	www.drcatalona.com /showarticle.asp?pubid=53 (349 words)

	Digital rectal exam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		During a digital rectal exam, a health professional inserts a lubricated, gloved finger of one hand into the rectum and may use the other hand to press on the lower abdomen or pelvic area.
		A digital rectal exam is routinely done for men as part of a complete physical exam and for women as part of a regular gynecological exam (usually done at the time of a Pap test).
		The exam may also be done to help identify the cause of symptoms such as rectal bleeding or blood in the stool, abdominal or pelvic pain, a change in bowel habits, or urinary problems in men.
	www.meritcare.com /hwdb/_followLink.asp?sgml_id=std120870-sec (185 words)

	Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, BPH - Diagnosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		A physical examination, patient history, and evaluation of symptoms provide the basis for a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
		The physical examination includes a digital rectal examination (DRE), and symptom evaluation is obtained from the results of the AUA Symptom Index.
		If the examination reveals the presence of unhealthy tissue, additional tests are performed to determine the nature of the abnormality.
	www.bphchannel.com /diagnosis.shtml (244 words)

	Prostatit
		Mandatory for category III patients is a history, and physical examination including a digital rectal examination.
		Digital rectal examination: permits the examination of the lateral lobes of the prostate and the posterior lobe, adjacent to the apex.
		The size of the prostate gland as estimated by rectal examination is not directly related to the degree of urinary obstruction.
	www.therubins.com /illness/Prostatit.htm (900 words)

	The diagnostic value of digital rectal examination in primary care screening for prostate cancer: a meta-analysis -- ...
		of the digital rectal examination (DRE) for the diagnosis of
		DRE results in a screening were sent to their own GP for follow-up.
		Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6,630 men.
	fampra.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/16/6/621 (2123 words)

	House Call: Get Screened for Colon Cancer
		Sigmoidoscopy: Sigmoidoscopy is an examination in which a doctor uses a thin, flexible tube with a light to look inside the rectum and colon for polyps, tumors, or abnormal areas.
		Digital Rectal Examination: A digital rectal examination is performed during an office visit or prior to sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.
		For this examination, the doctor or nurse inserts a lubricated gloved finger into the rectum and feels for lumps or abnormal areas.
	www2.mdanderson.org /depts/oncolog/articles/03/10-oct/10-03-hc.html (836 words)

	USNews.com: Health: Prostate Cancer: Digital rectal examination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		Because the prostate cannot be seen or felt externally, doctors perform a digital rectal exam (DRE) to assess its size, shape, and consistency.
		Used alone, a digital rectal exam misses 30 percent to 40 percent of prostate cancers, and most cancers found with the exam are detected when it is too late for treatment to be effective.
		The most reliable way to detect prostate cancer in its early stages is to combine digital rectal exams with measurements of PSA levels in the blood.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/health/cancer/prostate/pros.test.digital.htm (427 words)

	Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med -- Abstract: Frequency of Digital Rectal Examination in Children With Chronic Constipation, ...
		Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med -- Abstract: Frequency of Digital Rectal Examination in Children With Chronic Constipation, April 1999, Gold et al.
		a digital rectal examination was ever performed prior to referral.
		in the examination of the child with chronic constipation.
	archpedi.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/153/4/377 (238 words)

	CLINICAL GUIDELINE: PART 1: Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Part I: Prior Probability and Effectiveness of Tests -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		Comparison of the efficacy of digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of prostatic cancer.
		Prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination in screening for prostate cancer: a community-based study: a community-based study.
		Transrectal ultrasound examination of the prostate: complications and acceptance by patients.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/126/5/394 (8693 words)

	Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-04)
		The digital rectal examination can detect cancer and judge whether it is confined to the prostate.
		Because it lies in front of the rectum, the doctor can feel the prostate by inserting a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum.
		The digital rectal exam is not always accurate as many prostate cancers are situated deeper in the gland or are too small for detection.
	www.vmmc.org /dbProstateCancer/sec39163.htm (63 words)

	Digital Rectal Exam for Prostate Cancer Screening
		Doctors use the digital rectal exam (DRE) is an early and relatively simple test to screen for prostate cancer.
		To screen for prostate cancer, the digital rectal exam is advised annually for all men beginning at age 45.
		The DRE is recommended with the PSA blood test for the following men:
	my.webmd.com /content/article/45/1688_50839 (274 words)

	HB 1089 require the provision of health insurance...
		diagnostic testing at intervals recommended by a physician, including the digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen test, and bone scan.
		(2) For males of any age who have a prior history of prostate cancer, medically indicated diagnostic testing at intervals recommended by a physician, including the digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen test, and bone scan.
		Every service or indemnity-type contract issued by a nonprofit hospital service plan or organization that covers a male and that is delivered, issued for delivery, or renewed in this state, except for policies that provide coverage for specified disease or other limited benefit coverage, shall provide the following coverage for diagnostic screening for prostate cancer:
	legis.state.sd.us /sessions/2000/bills/HB1089P.htm (897 words)

	Examination, digital rectal (DRE) definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Examination, digital rectal (DRE): An exam done to detect abnormalities that can be felt (palpated) from within the rectum.
		The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels for anything that is not normal.
		The digital rectal exam is an important screening test for the detection of tumors of the rectum and prostate abnormalities, including benign enlargement of the prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia) and cancer of the prostate.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9838 (200 words)

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