Diminished fourth - Factbites

Diminished fourth - Factbites
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Topic: Diminished fourth

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	Interval
		Listen to the augmented prime, diminished second, augmented third, diminished sixth, augmented seventh, diminished octave, augmented fourth, and diminished fifth.
		A diminished fifth and an augmented fourth are both six half-steps, or three whole tones, so another term for this interval is a tritone.
		The inversion of an augmented interval is diminished and of a diminished interval is augmented.
	cnx.rice.edu /content/m10867/latest (1048 words)

	Music:Consonance and Dissonance - Wikibooks
		The tritone (an augmented fourth or diminished fifth) is dissonant.
		This means that the augmented fourth, which comprises three whole-tones, is a true tritone, while the diminished fifth, because of its accidental-spelling, is not made up of three whole-tones and is therefore not a tritone.
		In more contemporary music, many consider the fourth to always be as consonant as the fifth.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Music:Consonance_and_Dissonance (663 words)

	Interval (music)
		Finally, intervals may be labelled with or modified by the addition of perfect, major, minor, augmented, and diminished before the number of notes apart (for instance, augmented fourth).
		Augmented and diminished intervals are raised or lowered a step and any interval may be augmented or diminished and may even be double augmented or diminished.
		A perfect fourth is the ratio 4:3, 5 in integer notation, and 500 cents, which is two cents sharp of 4:3.
	www.fact-index.com /i/in/interval__music_.html (1295 words)

	Paul Rapoport: About 31-tone equal temperament
		Correspondingly, the diminished fifth, being the harmonic inversion of the augmented fourth, is 1.867 cents sharper in 31-tone equal temperament than 7:10, while in 12-tone equal temperament, the diminished fifth, which is the same as its augmented fourth, is 17.488 cents flatter.
		It may be concluded from Table II that all the familiar intervals of 12-tone equal temperament are present in 31-tone equal temperament and invert harmonically the same way: perfect fifth inverts to perfect fourth, major sixth inverts to minor third, augmented sixth inverts to diminished third, etc.
		A table for the other consonances, namely perfect fourth, minor sixth, and major sixth, could of course be easily constructed because these three intervals are simply harmonic inversions of the middle three intervals in Table I. The implications of Table I go far beyond the comparison of a few intervals.
	www.xs4all.nl /%7Ehuygensf/doc/rap31.html (5499 words)

	Sonic Glossary: Interval
		So a perfect fourth can the "squeezed" to a diminished fourth or "stretched" to an augmented fourth; a minor third can be "squeezed" to a diminished third, a major seventh "stretched" to an augmented seventh, and so on.
		That ordinal number is qualified by an adjective: perfect, minor, and major are the normal states, diminished and augmented the less normal states.
		Twelve of these are normal (that is, perfect, minor, or major), and sixteen are less normal (that is, diminished or augmented)
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/paul/sonic/interval.html (1667 words)

	GuitarSeek.com - guitar and tablature search engine.
		A diminished fourth contains 4 semitones, as in C# to F. From this, we can see that diminished intervals are smaller than perfect intervals, and perfect intervals are smaller than augmented intervals.
		For Example in "A" the Major Third and the Diminished Fourth are shared, A to C# and A to Db.
		The qualities that can be applied to a fourth are 'perfect', 'diminished', and 'augmented'.
	www.guitarseek.com /getlesson.php3?id=31 (1486 words)

	NewComposer
		Note: that the Augmented fourth and the diminished fifth are the same interval but are described differently on the staff.
		For example, the augmented fourth could be in the key of G major and the diminished fifth could be in the key of D-flat major.)
		The descending intervals of the C major scale are minor second, minor third, perfect fourth, perfect fifth, minor sixth, minor seventh and perfect octave.
	courses.ncssm.edu /church/emusic/NewMusic/Composer/Intervals.htm (242 words)

	How was the tritone used?
		As modern writers have suggested, in a context of early organum around the 9th-10th centuries with parallel fifths and fourths predominating, an augmented fourth or diminished fifth might be heard as a kind of a "Wolf" -- that is, an interval which seems an "out-of-tune" variant on an expected concord.
		Note, by the way, that these are not equal intervals in Pythagorean tuning, and that the diminished fifth (about 588 cents, 588/1200 octave) is smaller than the augmented fourth (about 612 cents -- as opposed to the even 600 cents for both intervals in the 12-tone equally tempered scale).
		In a medieval context, where fifths and fourths are the most complex stable intervals, the tritone is unique among the usual intervals in neither being itself stable, nor in being to resolve to any stable interval by conjunct contrary motion: compare 2-4, 3-1 or 3-5, 6-8 or 6-4, and 7-5.
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/harmony/tritone.html (2110 words)

	chord.thy
		For example, a fourth above F is Bb, not B. While B is three notes higher in the C major scale than F, it is not a *fourth* above F (FYI, it's a diminished fourth).
		You'll note that you're traversing the circle of fourths part way around, from A back to C. Unfortunately, the thing most people have a lot of trouble with regarding musical intervals is the motivation behind the names of things (third, fifth, diminished third, etc).
		Circles of fourths and fifths play a heavy role in pop and jazz music, and understanding their 'modulo' nature can be really useful -- like the fact that two jumps across the circle of fourths or fifths in either direction translates to something like a second up or down (actually a ninth).
	www.math.niu.edu /~rusin/papers/uses-math/music/chord.thy (3400 words)

	Paul Rapoport: About 31-tone equal temperament
		Correspondingly, the diminished fifth, being the harmonic inversion of the augmented fourth, is 1.867 cents sharper in 31-tone equal temperament than 7:10, while in 12-tone equal temperament, the diminished fifth, which is the same as its augmented fourth, is 17.488 cents flatter.
		A table for the other consonances, namely perfect fourth, minor sixth, and major sixth, could of course be easily constructed because these three intervals are simply harmonic inversions of the middle three intervals in Table I. The implications of Table I go far beyond the comparison of a few intervals.
		Similarly, in size the semi-diminished intervals are between perfect or minor intervals and diminished intervals.
	www.xs4all.nl /%7Ehuygensf/doc/rap31.html (5499 words)

	A note on the naming of musical intervals
		neutral third 10 4:5 (subdiminished fourth) major third 11 11:14 7:9 (diminished fourth) supermajor third 12 16:21 sub fourth (augmented third) 13 3:4 perfect fourth 14 8:11 super fourth 15 5:7 augmented fourth (subdiminished fifth) 16 7:10 (superaugmented fourth) diminished fifth 17 11:16.....................
		The first problem is that the terms diminished and augmented have different indexes depending on whether they are applied to intervals that admit of major and minor varieties versus those that admit of perfect varieties.
		Of course that means that the 5:7 is also an augmented fourth, but that's ok. Intervals can have more than one name.
	users.bigpond.net.au /d.keenan/Music/IntervalNaming.htm (2164 words)

	Interval (music) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The inversion of a major interval is a minor interval (and vice versa); the inversion of a perfect interval is also perfect; the inversion of an augmented interval is a diminished interval (and vice versa); and the inversion of a double augmented interval is a double diminished interval (and vice versa).
		A perfect fourth is five semitones, a perfect fifth is seven semitones, a perfect octave is twelve semitones.
		In each case, the augmented interval contains one semitone more than the major interval, and the diminished interval one semitone fewer than the minor interval.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Interval_(music) (2188 words)

	Help with Intervals. - Musician Forums
		Double diminished and double augmented is one half step lower than a diminished and one half-step higher than an augmented interval.
		However, i have trouble determinging an augmented or diminished interval.
		(E# is an augmented fifth of A, but not F; D# is an augmented fourth of A, but not Eb.)
	www.musicianforums.com /forums/showthread.php?p=9741650#post9741650 (729 words)

	Free Sheet Music from NotaViva.com - Welcome to our theory section.
		The false (or cross) relation of the Tritone (augmented fourth) and of the augmented or diminished octave must be avoided.
		note of one interval to the upper note of the next interval (or the reverse) is an augmented fourth or an augmented or diminished octave.
		To avoid the false relation of the augmented fourth, never write in succession the major thirds on the fourth and fifth degrees of the scale.
	www.notaviva.com /theory/cntrpnt001.html (573 words)

	Interval
		Listen to the augmented prime, diminished second, augmented third, diminished sixth, augmented seventh, diminished octave, augmented fourth, and diminished fifth.
		A diminished fifth and an augmented fourth are both six half-steps, or three whole tones, so another term for this interval is a tritone.
		The inversion of an augmented interval is diminished and of a diminished interval is augmented.
	cnx.rice.edu /content/m10867/latest (1048 words)

	MusicAndChordTheory.txt
		You can also build the chords in other keys and verify the rule that that chords built on the first, fourth, and fifth note of the scale are major; the ones built on the second, third, and sixth note of the scale are minor; and the one built on the seventh note is diminished.
		Diminished triads are symbolized by a lower case Roman numeral with a superscripted zero (or a degree symbol), which I can't notate in ascii, so I'll just use a lower case "o".
		The easy way is to memorize that the chords built upon the first, fourth, and fifth notes of the scale are major, the ones built upon the second, third, and sixth notes of the scale are minor, and the one on the seventh is diminshed.
	www.roughstock.com /cowpie/resources/COWPIE_Lessons/MusicAndChordTheory.txt (6149 words)

	intervals2.htm
		The cyclical structure of the natural interval qualities may be emphasized by arranging the naturals in an arch to show the discontinuity between the extremes of the system; F and B. The Perfect Fourths and Fifths can be arranged cyclically around the central Augmented Fourth and Diminished Fifth.
		If we compare only the Perfect intervals, that is, the columns for the Unison, Fourth, Fifth, and Octave, we see only one type for the Unison and Octave, and two types for both the Fourth and the Fifth.
		Thus the Fourth 512:729 in Lydian is called an Augmented Fourth while the Fourth 3:4 in Dorian is a Perfect Fourth.
	www.ux1.eiu.edu /~cfaah/megastaff/intervals2.htm (1233 words)

	and
		Since C to F is a perfect fourth (5 half steps), C to F# would be an augmented fourth (6 half steps).
		F to B is also an augmented fourth (since F to Bb is a perfect fourth).
		Since C to G is a perfect fifth (7 half steps), C to Gb would be a diminished fifth (6 half steps).
	www.musictheory.net /lessons/xml/id31_en_uk.xml (422 words)

	Chromatic Scale & Major Scale
		The interval of six half-steps is called an augmented fourth or a diminished fifth.
		** Unisons, fourths, fifths, and octaves are perfect.
		The interval of five half-steps is called an augmented third or a perfect fourth.
	members.aol.com /snglstringtheory/guitar/8theory1.html (443 words)

	Chromatic Scale & Major Scale
		The augmented fourth/diminished fifth is sometimes referred to as a tritone.
		The interval of six half-steps is called an augmented fourth or a diminished fifth.
		The interval of seven half-steps is called a perfect fifth or a diminished sixth.
	members.aol.com /snglstringtheory/guitar/8theory1.html (443 words)

	Free Sheet Music from NotaViva.com - Welcome to our theory section.
		The false (or cross) relation of the Tritone (augmented fourth) and of the augmented or diminished octave must be avoided.
		note of one interval to the upper note of the next interval (or the reverse) is an augmented fourth or an augmented or diminished octave.
		The Dissonant intervals are: The Seconds and Sevenths, and all Augmented and Diminished intervals.
	www.notaviva.com /theory/cntrpnt001.html (573 words)

	Intervals
		A fourth is between a third and fifth, and a sixth is between a fifth and seventh.
		Notice that the intervals of an octave, fifth and fourth are identical in both major and minor scales.
		Between B and F, one must memorize that B-flat to F is a perfect fifth and B to F-sharp is a perfect fifth.
	www.smu.edu /totw/interval.htm (915 words)

	Some more music theory
		A fifth is an inverted fourth: c - f is a fourth, f - c is a fifth.
		The abbreviation of 'diminished' in chord symbols is 'dim'.
		The frequencies of two notes which are a perfect fifth apart have a ratio of 2 to 3.
	home.tiscali.nl /meester7/engmusic4.html (605 words)

	NewComposer
		Note: that the Augmented fourth and the diminished fifth are the same interval but are described differently on the staff.
		For example, the augmented fourth could be in the key of G major and the diminished fifth could be in the key of D-flat major.)
		The descending intervals of the C major scale are minor second, minor third, perfect fourth, perfect fifth, minor sixth, minor seventh and perfect octave.
	courses.ncssm.edu /church/emusic/NewMusic/Composer/Intervals.htm (242 words)

	How was the tritone used?
		As modern writers have suggested, in a context of early organum around the 9th-10th centuries with parallel fifths and fourths predominating, an augmented fourth or diminished fifth might be heard as a kind of a "Wolf" -- that is, an interval which seems an "out-of-tune" variant on an expected concord.
		Note, by the way, that these are not equal intervals in Pythagorean tuning, and that the diminished fifth (about 588 cents, 588/1200 octave) is smaller than the augmented fourth (about 612 cents -- as opposed to the even 600 cents for both intervals in the 12-tone equally tempered scale).
		In a medieval context, where fifths and fourths are the most complex stable intervals, the tritone is unique among the usual intervals in neither being itself stable, nor in being to resolve to any stable interval by conjunct contrary motion: compare 2-4, 3-1 or 3-5, 6-8 or 6-4, and 7-5.
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/harmony/tritone.html (2110 words)

	Intervals
		Notice that the augmented fourth and the diminished fifth both contain 6 half steps.
		A fourth is between a third and fifth, and a sixth is between a fifth and seventh.
		Notice that the intervals of an octave, fifth and fourth are identical in both major and minor scales.
	www.smu.edu /totw/interval.htm (915 words)

	CGR: Intervals
		Eb to Ab is a perfect fourth, then change the Ab into its enharmonic equivalent (G#), and you have Eb to G#...
		Diminished Sixth is enharmonically equivalent to a Perfect Fifth.
		This means, for example, that an augmented third spelt upwards from Eb would sound exactly the same as a perfect fourth spelt upwards from Eb.
	www.christianguitar.org /forums/showthread.php?t=66723 (686 words)

	Sonic Glossary: Fifth - Study Room
		This fifth, like the various perfect fifths, can be found on the regular major scale, where it starts at the seventh tone, and extends through the octave up to the fourth tone above.
		As well as being the first five tones of the Lydian mode, this fifth also occurs on the regular major scale, where it occupies the fourth through eighth tones.
		There is also another fifth - the augmented fifth - but this is of less practical importance than the other two.
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/paul/sonic/fifthstudy.html (454 words)

	GuitarSeek.com - guitar and tablature search engine.
		A diminished fourth contains 4 semitones, as in C# to F. From this, we can see that diminished intervals are smaller than perfect intervals, and perfect intervals are smaller than augmented intervals.
		A perfect fourth contains 5 semitones, as in C to F. An augmented fourth contains 6 semitones, as in C to F#.
		Moving on to the interval of a fourth, things change.
	www.guitarseek.com /getlesson.php3?id=31 (1486 words)

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Topic: Diminished fourth

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In the News (Tue 21 May 13)