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Topic: Dirac Medal

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		Dirac was the first to apply quantum mechanics to an electromagnetic field, using the method of second quantization.
		Dirac was able to produce accurate values for the strength the magnetic field around the electron, as well as other important characteristics that had eluded everyone up to that time.
		Dirac's life was dedicated to physics with no interests outside of his work, but, besides quantum mechanics, he did work on isotope separation, magnetic monopoles, large-number hypothesis and other physics areas.
	www.resonancepub.com /pamdirac.htm (2541 words)

	Paul Dirac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The positron was subsequently observed by Carl Anderson in 1932.
		Dirac is regarded as the founder of quantum electrodynamics, being the first to use that term.
		Dirac was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge from 1932 to 1969.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paul_Dirac (1864 words)

	Dirac biography
		Dirac had been hoping to have his research supervised by Ebenezer Cunningham, for by this time Dirac had become fascinated in the general theory of relativity and wanted to undertake research on this topic.
		Dirac was appointed Lucasian professor of mathematics at the University of Cambridge in 1932, a post he held for 37 years.
		Dirac unified the theories of quantum mechanics and relativity theory, but he also is remembered for his outstanding work on the magnetic monopole, fundamental length, antimatter, the d-function, bra-kets, etc.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Biographies/Dirac.html (2515 words)

	Paul Dirac Summary
		Dirac shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with Erwin Schrödinger in 1933 for his "discovery of new fertile forms of the theory of atoms and for its applications." Few of Dirac's theories were simple to grasp, and for that reason he had few students during his career.
		Dirac was born in Bristol, England on August 8, 1902 to Charles Adrien Ladislas Dirac, a Swiss immigrant, and Florence Hannah (Holten) Dirac, a native of Britain.
		Dirac was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge from 1932 to 1969.
	www.bookrags.com /Paul_Dirac (5890 words)

	AlphaGalileo.Org - the Internet-based news centre for European science, engineering and technology.
		The Guthrie Medal was instituted in 1914 in memory of Professor Frederick Guthrie, founder of The Physical Society, the precursor to the Institute.
		The bronze medal is awarded annually for significant contributions to physics education and it is accompanied by a certificate and a prize of £1000.
		The Duddell medal was instituted in 1923 as a memorial to William du Bois Duddell, the inventor of the electromagnetic oscillograph.
	www.alphagalileo.org /index.cfm?_rss=1&fuseaction=readrelease&releaseid=517733 (956 words)

	ScienceNews.net - The Channel of Science - by Prof. Alberto Ricardo Präss
		The Dirac medal -- one of the world's most prestigious physics prizes -- is given each year on 8 August, the birth date of Paul Dirac.
		The Dirac medal, worth $5000, has been awarded every year since 1985 by the ICTP, which is based in Trieste, Italy.
		Dirac was a close friend of the ITCP form the centre's early days in the early 1960s until his death in 1984.
	www.sciencenews.net /news_news.php?id_news=618 (255 words)

	Dirac, Paul Adrien Maurice. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In 1928, Dirac published a version of quantum mechanics that took into account the theory of relativity (see quantum theory).
		Dirac’s equation for the motion of a particle is a relativistic modification of the Schrödinger wave equation, the basic equation of quantum mechanics.
		Dirac also received the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1952 for this and other contributions to the quantum theory, including his formulation (with Enrico Fermi) of the Fermi-Dirac statistics and his work on the quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation.
	www.bartleby.com /65/di/Dirac-Pa.html (219 words)

	The Dirac Medal & Prize (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Council, recognising that the Institute did not have an open award specifically for theoretical physics, decided in 1985 to introduce a new medal and prize to be named after P A M Dirac an Honorary Fellow, who had died the previous year.
		In 1992 Council decided that the Dirac Medal and Prize should become one of its Premier Awards.
		The medal shall be silver gilt and shall be accompanied by a prize of £1000 and a certificate.
	www.iop.org /Our_Activities/Awards/Premier_Awards/The_Dirac_Medal_and_Prize/page_1731.html (93 words)

	Cosmologist Andrei Linde awarded Dirac Medal for theoretical physics: 9/02
		The ICTP awards the Dirac Medal annually to individuals who have made significant contributions to theoretical physics and mathematics.
		The award is given in honor of English physicist Paul Dirac, recipient of the 1933 Nobel Prize.
		The first medal was presented in 1985 -- a year after his death.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/02/dirac911.html (513 words)

	Zoller wins Dirac Medal 2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Dirac Medal, established by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in 1985, is one of the world's most prestigious prizes in physics.
		The announcement of the Dirac Medal is made each year on 8 August, the birth date of the great 20th century physicist Paul A.M. Dirac, who won the Nobel Prize in 1933.
		Dirac was a close associate and friend of ICTP from the Centre's first days in the early 1960s until his death in 1984.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-08/asic-zwd080806.php (219 words)

	UNSW School of Physics Annual Report 2004
		The Silver Dirac Medal for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics is awarded to commemorate the visit to the University in 1975 of Professor P.A.M. Dirac, one of the greatest theoretical physicists of the twentieth century.
		The first medal was awarded to Professor Edward Shuryak, the Director of the Institute for Nuclear Theory at the State University of New York at Stonybrook.
		The second medal was awarded to Professor Iosif B. Khriplovich, Chief Scientist at the Budker Insititute of Nuclear Physics at Novosibirsk in Russia, and Chair of Theoretical Physics at Novosibirsk University.
	www.phys.unsw.edu.au /ANNUAL_REPORTS/2004/school7.html (451 words)

	[ITB] Medali Dirac <fisika>
		The paths of Adle= r and Jackiw (with Bell) crossed in what may be their most important discovery: the celebrated triangle anoma- ly, one of the most profound examples of the relevance of quantum field theory to the real world.
		The Medal is given in honour of P.A.M. Dirac, one of the gretest physicists of this century and a staunch friend of the Centre.
		The Dirac Medal is not awarded to Nobel Laureates or Wolf Foundation Prize winners.
	www.mail-archive.com /itb@itb.ac.id/msg03866.html (311 words)

	Institute for Advanced Study: Press Releases: NATIONAL MEDAL OF SCIENCE AWARDED TO INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY ...
		The presidential medal is the nation’s highest honor for researchers who make major impacts in fields of science and engineering through career-long, ground-breaking achievements.
		In other early work, he understood how to combine properties of the Dirac equation with those of the Riemann curvature tensor, to get a new formula for the gravitational energy, and to give a new and direct proof of the positive energy theorem in general relativity.
		Conversely, Dr. Witten was broadly responsible for the demonstration that algebraic geometry and topology, core disciplines of modern mathematics, hold the key to understanding the deepest properties of string theory and gauge field theory.
	www.ias.edu /newsroom/announcements/view/witten.html (771 words)

	Dirac Prize - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Dirac Prize is the name of two prominent awards in the field of theoretical physics and mathematics, awarded by different organizations.
		The Dirac Medal of the ICTP is given each year by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in honour of physicist P.A.M. Dirac.
		The Dirac Medal of the ITCP is not awarded to prior Nobel Laureates, Fields Medalists, or Wolf Prize winners.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dirac_Prize (212 words)

	CERN Courier - Faces and Places (page 2) - IOP Publishing - article
		The announcement of the Dirac medal is made on 8 August, the anniversary of the birth of Paul Dirac, who was a close associate of the ICTP.
		The Duddell medal and prize, in memory of William du Bois Duddell, the inventor of the electromagnetic oscillograph, is awarded for outstanding contributions to the advancement of knowledge through the application of physics, including the invention or design of scientific instruments or the discovery of materials used in their construction.
		The Maxwell medal and prize, which is given for outstanding contributions to theoretical physics in the past 10 years, is awarded to Clifford Victor Johnson of the University of Durham.
	www.cerncourier.com /main/article/44/8/20/2 (1377 words)

	Paul A.M. Dirac - Biography
		Dirac's work has been concerned with the mathematical and theoretical aspects of quantum mechanics.
		He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1930, being awarded the Society's Royal Medal and the Copley Medal.
		Dirac has travelled extensively and studied at various foreign universities, including Copenhagen, Göttingen, Leyden,Wisconsin, Michigan, and Princeton (in 1934, as Visiting Professor).
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1933/dirac-bio.html (445 words)

	ICTP News » 2005 Dirac Medal
		Sir Samuel Frederick Edwards, one of the founding fathers of condensed matter physics, is being honoured for his fundamental contributions to polymer physics, spin glass theory and the physics of granular matter.
		Established in 1985 by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, the Dirac Medal, which is now recognized as one of the world’s most prestigious prizes in physics, is given to scientists who have made significant contributions to theoretical physics and mathematics.
		Recipients of the Nobel Prize, Fields Medal and Wolf Foundation Prize are not eligible for the Dirac Medal.
	news.ictp.it /index.php?p=104 (256 words)

	Physics Today October 2001
		Herman Medwin received the 2001 Gold Medal, ASA's highest honor, for his "innovative research in ocean acoustics and leadership and service to the society." Medwin is an emeritus professor of physics at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, and founder and CEO of Ocean Acoustics Associates in Pebble Beach, California.
		The R. Bruce Lindsay Award went this year to Andrew J. Oxenham for "contributions to the measurement of peripheral auditory nonlinearity, and to understanding its effects in normal and hearing-impaired listeners." Oxenham is a research scientist in the sensory communications group at MIT's Research Laboratory of Electronics.
		The Helmholtz-Rayleigh Interdisciplinary Silver Medal was awarded to William M. Hartmann, a professor of physics at Michigan State University, for his "research and education in psychological and physiological acoustics, architectural acoustics, musical acoustics, and signal processing."
	www.physicstoday.org /pt/vol-54/iss-10/p85a.html (153 words)

	Britain’s top physics prizes announced
		Andre Geim from the University of Manchester has been awarded the 2007 Mott medal for condensed matter or material physics research, for his discovery of a new class of materials – free-standing two-dimensional crystals - the first materials that are just a single atom thick.
		This led to the realisation that Enceladus is the source of the water that replenishes Saturn’s E-ring.
		The 2007 Kelvin medal has been awarded to Charles Jenkins at the AustralianNationalUniversity for his pioneering work on the Lab in a Lorry project.
	www.iop.org /News/news_8650.html (572 words)

	Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics Home Page
		Also 1988 Dirac Medal Winner for the discovery of asymptotic freedom as well as the heterotic string theory with Harvey, Martinec, and Rohm, and 1986 Sakurai Prize Winner together with David Politzer and Frank Wilczek.
		1991 Dirac Medal Winner in recognition of his contributions to the development of theoretical physics.
		His representation of the analytic properties of scattering amplitudes in the form of double dispersion relations (Mandelstam representation) is basic to the modern understanding of relativistic particle scattering and his seminal work on the quantization of string theories, exploiting their conformal properties, led to a more profound understanding of this subject.
	ctp.berkeley.edu /history.html (903 words)

	Faculty Prizes and Awards
		The National Medal of Arts is the highest award given to artists and arts patrons by the United States Government.
		The National Medal of Arts is awarded by the President of the United States to individuals or groups who, in his judgment, "...are deserving of special recognition by reason of their outstanding contributions to the excellence, growth, support and availability of the arts in the United States."
		The Medal is given annually to individuals, teams, or companies for accomplishments in the innovation, development, commercialization, and management of technology, as evidenced by the establishment of new or significantly improved products, processes, or services.
	www.spo.berkeley.edu /Fund/prize.html (2704 words)

	CERN Courier - Faces and Places (page 2) - IOP Publishing - article
		Robert Kraichnan, who was one of Albert Einstein's last assistants at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, has had a long career as a consultant in a variety of governmental organizations and private firms, including MIT, the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy.
		Frank Wilczek of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Guenakh Mitselmakher of the University of Florida have been awarded commemorative medals from the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University in Prague.
		Wilczek received his medal as "one of the world's most outstanding theoretical physicists", for work including the discovery of "asymptotic freedom" and other results of fundamental importance.
	cerncourier.com /main/article/43/8/16/2 (562 words)

	Physics Today October 2001
		John J. Hopfield, a professor of computational neurobiology and biophysics at Princeton University, was awarded the Dirac Medal on 8 August by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy.
		Each year on 8 August, ICTP commemorates the birthday of physicist and Nobel Prize winner P. Dirac by presenting the medal in recognition of significant contributions to theoretical physics and mathematics.
		This year's medal acknowledges Hopfield's "important contributions in an impressively broad spectrum of scientific subjects." The ICTP points out that his "special and rare gift is his ability to cross the interdisciplinary boundary to discover new questions and propose answers that uncover the conceptual structure behind the experimental facts."
	www.aip.org /pt/vol-54/iss-10/p85c.html (229 words)

	WATOC Newsletter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		At the conference Professor Allinger was presented the 1996 Schrodinger Medal of WATOC.
		The Dirac Medal will be given to an outstanding theoretically oriented chemist under the age of 40.
		The closing date for receipt of nominations for both the Dirac and Schrodinger Medals is December 15, 1997.
	www.ch.ic.ac.uk /watoc/watoc_newsletter_5.html (577 words)

	Physics Today Online - American Vacuum Society
		ASA's Gold Medal went to Murray Strasberg for his "contributions to hydroacoustics, acoustic cavitation and turbulence noise, and for dedicated service to the society," according to the awards citation.
		The Helmholtz-Rayleigh Interdisciplinary Silver Medal was presented to Lawrence Crum, chairman of the department of acoustics and electromagnetics in the applied physics laboratory and a research professor of electrical and bioengineering at the University of Washington in Seattle.
		The Silver Medal in Physical Acoustics goes this year to Gregory Swift for "theoretical and experimental contributions to the development of thermoacoustic engines." Swift is a laboratory fellow and technical staff member in the condensed matter and thermal physics group at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.
	www.aip.org /pt/vol-53/iss-10/p95b.html (346 words)

	Physicist Alan Guth to Speak at Embry-Riddle
		First proposed by Guth and the other winners of the 2002 Dirac Medal, Andre Linde of Stanford University and Paul Steinhardt of Princeton University, inflation theory is a modification of standard cosmology's Big Bang theory.
		Inflation theory explains, for example, why the universe is so similar on a grand scale in all directions and why certain exotic particles, such as magnetic monopoles, thought to have been created in the early universe, have never been observed.
		Guth is the V.F. Weisskopf Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an internationally known expert on cosmology who won the 2001 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics, often a precursor to the Nobel Prize.
	www.erau.edu /er/newsmedia/newsreleases/2003/guth.html (555 words)

	John Templeton Foundation
		He also has extensive experience in television and radio, including the presentation of two Australian television series entitled “The Big Questions.” His work in astrobiology was the subject of a BBC television documentary, “The Cradle of Life.” He has won numerous awards for his scientific and media work, including the 1995 Templeton Prize.
		He received the 2001 Kelvin Medal presented by the UK Institute of Physics and the 2002 Michael Faraday Prize of the Royal Society for his contributions to promoting science to the public.
		The winner of the Lomonosov Award of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Dr. Linde received the Oskar Klein Medal in physics in 2001 and shared the Dirac Medal awarded by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy on the centenary of Nobel laureate Paul Dirac's birth in 2002.
	www.templeton.org /humble_approach_initiative/Multiverse_and_String_Theory/chair.htm (604 words)

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