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Topic: Direct distance dialing

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	Direct distance dialing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Direct Distance Dialing (DDD) is a telecommunications term for a network-provided service feature in which a call originator may, without operator assistance, call any other user outside the local calling area.
		DDD requires more digits in the number dialed than are required for calling within the local area or area code.
		DDD also extends beyond the boundaries of national public telephone network, in which case it is called International Direct Distance Dialing (IDDD).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Direct_distance_dialing (607 words)

	A Unified Architecture for Telephone Numbers
		Dialing 0 put you in touch with the operator, and dialing 1 begins direct long-distance dialing.
		I would like to suggest an alternative approach to the problem, which would preserve the brevity of telephone numbers as seen by most ordinary users of the system, although it would mean that business concerns which recorded telephone numbers of people from all parts of the country would need to modify their databases.
		The Extended and Local dialing systems would permit the flexibility to allow dialing numbers with the minimum number of digits: four instead of seven in smaller centers using the Local system, eight (or nine) instead of ten in larger centers for which seven digits are not adequate.
	www.quadibloc.com /other/phoint.htm (1402 words)

	Telecommunications Glossary Long Distance Phone Service Definitions
		The term "dial" is obsolete - based on rotary dial phones and electromechanical relay switches (which are nearly non-existent in modern telephone systems.) Touch Tone service recognizes dual tones that are generated as each telephone key is pressed.
		Long distance services that require consumers to dial a long-distance provider’s access code (or "10-10" number) before dialing a long-distance number to bypass or "dial around" the consumer’s chosen long-distance carrier in order to get a better rate.
		When the off hook indication is received at a central office, a dial tone signal is sent to the originating caller on a switched network to indicate that the switch is ready to accept a number.
	www.dialingplans.com /telecom-terms.shtml (4630 words)

	Direct distance dialing: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		Direct distance dialling (DDD) is a US term.
		In telecommunication, a direct distance dialing (DDD) is a network-provided service feature in which a call originator may, without operator assistance, call any other user outside the local calling area.
		Note 2: DDD requires more digits in the number dialed than are required for calling within the local area.
	www.encyclopedian.com /di/Direct-distance-dialing.html (147 words)

	Mid-Rivers Communications, Inc - How to Place Long Distance Calls
		If you dial a wrong number within eastern Montana, dial "0" for the operator and give the number you attempted to reach, you will be credited for the call.
		To dial person-to-person, collect, calling card (without touchtone dialing) and billed to a third number international calls, dial the international access code, country code, city code, and the local telephone number but use "01" for the international access code.
		Always dial the area code on operator assisted or calling card calls that begin with dialing "0" regardless of whether it is inside or outside the area code.
	www.midrivers.com /Longdistance/howtoplacecalls.asp (870 words)

	REWIRED
		The numbers 5, 7, and 9 were reserved because the keys have no vowels, making it (so the theory goes) more difficult to form words from them; hence artifacts like the fictional prefix 555-, so common in old movies, later became the national standard for prefix for fact, in the form of directory assistance.
		Direct long-distance dialing wasn't merely a way for friends and family to keep in touch.
		However, direct long-distance dialing presented a new problem, namely the cost of long-distance calls, which became a marketing issue -- and toll-free direct long-distance dialing was introduced.
	www.rewired.com /98/0928.html (829 words)

	Long distance Summary
		DDD, PBX operator, apart, asunder, at a distance, away, busy signal, buzz, call, central, dial tone, direct distance dialing, distal, distant, exotic, far, far off, faraway, local call, long-distance call, long-range, mobile call, operator, person-to-person call, phone call, remote, removed, ring, separated, station-to-station call, switchboard operator, telephone call, telephone operator, telephonist, toll call
		Long distance in telecommunications, refers to telephone calls made outside a certain area, usually characterized by an area code outside of a local call area.
		This was the first call dialed with an area code, using what would now be called 10-digit dialing, and was connected automatically within 18 seconds.
	www.bookrags.com /Long_distance (2909 words)

	Atlanta Telephone History
		When dialing from an Atlanta Step-by-Step office to the extended area, your call was switched to a tandem office when you dialed the first digit.
		Atlanta was not one of the cities that could be dialed direct during the trial.
		With the introduction of DDD, the code "110" was eliminated for reaching a Long Distance Operator and the single digit code "1" was assigned for DDD.
	home.speedfactory.net /cardwell/part3.html (4821 words)

	Internet Archive: Details: Nation at Your Fingertips, The
		However, the statement that the pepole of Englewood were the first in the world to use consumer direct distance dialling in the early 1950s is inaccurate.
		What this film fails to mention is that long distance direct dial service could have been introduced years earlier, but that it had to wait until Ma Bell could invent automatic billing machines to keep tabs on its operator-independent customers.
		When you dial a number, holes are punched in a continuous tape, representing your telephone number and the number you dialed.
	www.archive.org /details/Nationat1951 (2334 words)

	Survey of Telephone Switching - Chapter 2
		Nationwide dialing as commonly understood within the telephone industry, means the maximum completion of dialable calls (both local and long distance) by customers, with operators dialing as much as possible of the remainder traffic which cannot be customer dialed.
		Outward direct distance dialing requires that the Class 5 office be able to send the complete 7 or 10-digit called number to the toll switching center on which it homes.
		If direct control equipment such as-step-by-step without senders or directors is used at the Class 5 office, it will be necessary to prefix a toll access or transfer code to direct the call to the toll office.
	www.telephonetribute.com /switches_survey_chapter_2.html (2781 words)

	DDD - Direct Distance Dialing
		(Direct Distance Dialing) Any switched telecommunication service that permits long distance calls to be placed without operator assistance.
		Direct Distance Dialing Any switched telecommunication service (like 1+, 0++, etc.) that allows a call originator to place long distance calls directly to telephones outside the local service area without an operator.
		The document leading on from the SADD that provides a detailed design of all the modules in the project.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/DDD.asp (160 words)

	Glossary of Telecommunications Industry Terms: D to F
		A direct connection between a terminal and a service, network, or computer dedicated to the specific use of a particular customer.
		A short, direct current signal which is produced by, or simulated to look like, the opening and closing of contacts in a rotary-dial telephone when numbers are dialed.
		With equal access, customers can choose an alternative long distance company and dial 1 + the area code + the telephone number ("1 + dialing") to place all of their long distance calls on that network.
	www.hackcanada.com /canadian/phreaking/gtit3.html (1331 words)

	COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Dialed circuit services are regular dialed telephone calls from one point to another through the telephone networks.
		The usual voice telephone network is used for data transmission with DDD (direct distance dialing).
		In this service, users dial the telephone number of the host computers through a modem to be connected.
	home.olemiss.edu /~misbook/cotelsm.htm (1011 words)

	Subscriber trunk dialling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The introduction in the UK of subscriber dialling of long distance calls removed the distinction that had existed between Trunk and Toll calls.
		The term "subscriber trunk dialling" is used in other countries such as Australia, but the corresponding term in the US and Canada is direct distance dialing.
		In India the term still applies and to dial out of one's unit area, the relevant city code has to be prefixed to the local number.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Subscriber_trunk_dialling (370 words)

	Atlanta Telephone History
		When you gave the operator the number that you dialed, she looked it up on a paper list or maybe a computer printout and gave you the status of the number or the new number if it had been changed.
		Centrex provided a set of features, including direct dialing to individuals and departments, 4-digit dialing between telephones inside the organization, the ability to transfer incoming calls from one telephone to another.
		Prior to this, all long distance calls from pay phones had to be placed through the operator and had to be manually ticketed.
	home.speedfactory.net /cardwell/part4.html (5060 words)

	AT&T: History: History of the AT&T Network: History of Network Switching
		For many years, all long distance calls began with a call to an operator sitting at a toll (long-distance) switchboard.
		Until the 1920s, that operator wrote down the calling information provided by the customer, and then told the customer that he or she would be called back once the party was on the line.
		Dialed routing codes soon gave way to the familiar area codes, which the switch itself could translate into the needed routing information.
	www.att.com /history/nethistory/switching.html (839 words)

	July 17, 1998 Speech by Commissioner Harold Furchtgott-Roth: International Telecard Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Direct long-distance dialing was an amazing innovation in the 1960s.
		But direct long distance dialing was not easily accomplished away from home.
		Direct dialing is the norm rather than the exception.
	www.fcc.gov /ftp/Speeches/Furchtgott_Roth/sphfr813.html (2383 words)

	Tri-County: Direct Distance Dialing
		To make Direct Distance Dialing possible, the nation has been divided into more than 120 geographic areas.
		If the map does not clearly show the area code you want, and it is not listed in the area code pages of your directory, call the operator and she will give you the area code.
		If you are cut off, encounter difficulty in hearing or experience any other trouble, just dial Operator and report it to her.
	portal.tctelco.net /services/directdistance.html (352 words)

	Consmer Alert: Long Distance Phone Calls
		If you get a message in the mail, on your pager, in your email, or on your answering machine to call area code 809 or to call any of the new area codes that do not have "0" or "1" as the second digit, you may receive a surprisingly large phone bill.
		The advent of DDD reduced the cost of long distance calls, increased ease of use, and increased the amount of traffic that could be handled.
		International direct distance dialing (IDDD) could only be dreamed of at the time; naturally, being part of the NANP would be a boon for the economies of other countries that might be included.
	cageyconsumer.com /phonscam.html (640 words)

	Tip: Operator assisted international calls - Phone Watch
		One is direct distance dialing, and the other is operator assisted dialing.
		To dial direct, you dial 011, but to dial through an operator, you dial 01.
		This dialing plan was put in place decades ago, when international direct distance dialing was first introduced, so it’s a little late to change it, even if it would ultimately reduce confusion to do so.
	phone.ioerror.us /2005/09/tip-operator-assisted-international-calls (384 words)

	Office of Telecommunication Management (OTM) long distance
		DDD is used to dial long distance from locations that do not have LINC access.
		In locations that do have LINC access, DDD is used primarily for placing calls that cannot be dialed using LINC.
		DDD is also used for call forwarding to a long distance number.
	www.doa.state.la.us /OTM/catalog/ddd.htm (146 words)

	Employee Telephone Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Local calls are free and may be made by dialing a 9, follwed by the number.
		Employees can make long distance phone calls using authorization codes or by having their office extension enabled for direct long distance dialing.
		Long distance rates are 4.9 cents/minute for out of state calls and 6.9 cents/minute for calls within Minnesota (24 hours a day 7 days a week).
	www.northcentral.edu /it/employee/EmployeeTelephoneInfo.php (302 words)

	Method of providing virtual private network telephone service - Patent 4348554
		In response to a call directed to the virtual network, a verification is made at the data base that this call is entitled to complete via the virtual network and that an idle virtual resource is available for assignment to the call.
		In response to a call received at one of the offices directed to the virtual network, a verification is made at the data base that the call is entitled to be completed via the virtual network and that an idle virtual resource remains for assignment to the call.
		The distance in call miles for the call being attempted is computed at step 103, and the contents of MIU plus the computed call distance are compared to the contents of TAM to determine if this call will exceed the allocated call miles.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4348554.html (9058 words)

	CLEC Strategies
		dial level dial level - The selection of stations or services associated with a PBX using a one- to four-digit code (for example, dialing nine for access to outside dial tone).
		dial pulse dial pulse - A short duration, direct-current signal produced by or simulated to emulate the opening and closing of contacts in a rotary telephone dial when dialing numbers.
		dial selective signaling dial selective signaling - A multipoint network in which the called party is selected by a prearranged dialing code.
	www.clecstrategies.com /telecomglossary.htm (7752 words)

	DNS: A Short History and a Short Future (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		By the late 1950s, when direct long-distance dialing became possible, then popular, variable length of phone numbers became a problem for the national carriers, which demanded yet more standardization - seven-digit phone numbers in a "two-letter five-number" (2L5N) format.
		Direct long-distance dialing wasn't merely a way for friends and family to keep in touch: it allowed businesses to deal in "real time" with distant markets.
		However, direct long-distance dialing presented a new problem, namely the cost of long-distance calls, which became the next marketing issue - and toll-free direct long-distance dialing was introduced.
	www.firstmonday.org /issues/issue4_3/byfield/index.html (2948 words)

	[No title]
		] A chemical effect caused by the direct transfer of energy from ionizing radiation to an atom or molecule in a medium.
		] The position of one point in space relative to another without reference to the distance between them; may be either three-dimensional or two-dimensional, the horizontal being the usual plane of the latter; usually indicated in terms of its angular distance from a reference direction.
		] That portion of a direction finder on which the bearing (relative, magnetic, true bearing or reciprocal) of the received transmission is indicated.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/D/D22/DictD22.html (1404 words)

	Northwest Telephone Cooperative Association - Long Distance FAQ
		Where this is not the case, an Operator must come in to ask for the number of the phone you are using so the call may be billed.
		In our exchanges, when you make a Direct Distance Dialing call, an Operator does not come on the line because your number is automatically identified.
		Simply dial "0" plus the number you want to call as you would if you were dialing a "1+" call.
	www.northwest.coop /support/LD-FAQ.htm (309 words)

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