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Topic: Directional antenna

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Glossary of antenna terms

High Gain Antenna

Low Gain Antenna

	AM Directional Antenna Systems 2nd Edition 2007 Made Simple Text Book
		Without a doubt, AM directional antenna systems are probably one of the most misunderstood pieces of equipment in a radio station.
		Directional Antenna systems are made up of two or more vertical radiators.
		Layton is a regular contributor of technical articles to the Radio World newspaper and is the author of Directional Broadcast Antenna: A guide to adjustment, Measurement and Testing, TAB Books 1974.
	www.broadcastbooks.com (855 words)

	Omni-directional "spider omni" antenna 2.4 GHz for 802.11b (WiFi) WLAN
		For long term installation outdoors it would be prudent to house the antenna and N connection in a plastic food container (check that it is safe for use in a microwave oven first, and be aware that some plastics effect signal strength).
		When we have used this antenna it has been sufficient to screw it to the cable and affix the cable securely; this is using URM67 coaxial cable which is 10mm outer diameter and resists bending.
		In use on a flat field, using two of these antennae attached to pcmcia 802.11b cards via cable and pigtails, we were able to maintain an 11Mb/s network at between 400 to 500 metres with clear line of sight.
	flakey.info /antenna/omni/quarter (1226 words)

	ProCurve Networking - Antenna Deployment Technical Brief
		Omni directional antennas have a radiation pattern that is donut shaped with the antenna at the center of the donut.
		A patch antenna is a type of directional antenna and may have a radiation pattern that is 30 to 90 degrees wide.
		Antenna gain is a measure of how strong a signal is received or transmitted compared to either an isotropic (point source) antenna or to a dipole antenna.
	www.hp.com /rnd/pdf_html/antenna.htm (2913 words)

	How to use directional Antennas with your Apple Airport Base Station.
		Directional antennas are typically sold by their gain rating.
		Directional antennas with low gain settings can be useful in a number of environments.
		Besides, the whole benefit of very high-gain antennas and amplifier combinations (super-long range) is lost unless they are placed very high up (to account for the curvature of the earth, among other things, the frensel zone between the antennas, etc.).
	www.vonwentzel.net /ABS/Antenna/Directional/index.html (1175 words)

	Omni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna - Cisco Systems
		For directional antennas, the lobes are pushed in a certain direction and little energy is there on the back side of the antenna.
		It is a ratio of energy which antenna is directing in a particular direction, which depends on its radiation pattern to the energy which is left behind the antenna or wasted.
		Directional antennas used for the indoors typically have a lower gain, and as a result, have a lower front-to-back and front-to-side lobe ratios.
	www.cisco.com /en/US/tech/tk722/tk809/technologies_tech_note09186a00807f34d3.shtml (2305 words)

	Homebrew antenna shootout
		The Pringles Antenna design, and some designs that pre-date it, seem to treat it as though it were metallic.
		Waveguide antennas don't use the director assembly (the washery bits), and therefore are much simpler to build.
		For the antennas I was building, I was using different measurements based on the antenna design material I had been reading.
	www.turnpoint.net /wireless/has.html (872 words)

	Hi Gain Antenna for Wireless Network
		The Antenna takes the energy from the power amplifier of the instrument's Transmitter and propagates it into the air, if it is a better quality Antenna it would propagate better and might improve the distance.
		Antenna can propagate better if the design is matching the impedance and the wave length of the source, or and by making it Uni-Directional and thus concentrate most of the output power in one direction.
		Dbi is a relative measure unit, it reflects the Antenna capacity to provide a better signal than a standard dipole antenna that is cut to the measure of 1/4 size wave length of the frequency that it is designed for (or the center of the frequency in case of range).
	www.ezlan.net /antennae.html (731 words)

	Communication Electronic: Star Antenna - Wireless Antenna Manufacturer India
		Our wireless antennas are available under the registered brand name STAR ANTENNA and compatible with wireless standards.
		Our range of wireless antenna solutions covers the entire communication band seamlessly from HF antenna to 8.5 GHz Microwave bands.
		Our wireless antenna systems meet the international quality standards and the various types of wireless antenna systems manufactured by us meet the complete requirement of the wireless antenna industry.
	www.starantenna.com (207 words)

	Antenna on the Cheap (er, Chip)
		While a directional antenna showing between 12 and 15db gain is impressive, it's also pretty large, physically.
		This bore out in the numbers, as the perceived noise level was consistently lower with the more directional antennas.
		More directional antennas also help keep noise down for your neighbors trying to share the spectrum as well.
	www.oreillynet.com /cs/weblog/view/wlg/448 (1624 words)

	Antenna Basics (Site not responding. Last check: )
		When you are using directional antennas to communicate between two bridges, you must manually align the antennas for proper bridge operation.
		The radiation angle for yagi antennas is approximately 25 to 30 degrees, and for parabolic dish antennas the radiation angle is approximately 12.5 degrees.
		Typically, when two antennas are aligned to the edges of their radiation patterns, communication can be marginal as indicated by lost packets, high retry counts, and a low signal strength.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/product/wireless/airo_350/350brdgs/brhig/br350apc.htm (1397 words)

	Multi-Directional TV Antennas
		Multi-directional antennas like Terrestrial Digital’s DB line of bowtie antennas and its Lacrosse antenna are ideal for locations where transmitting towers are not centrally located or when one is trying to capture signals from multiple cities.
		In fact, for most areas, multi-directional antennas will work well even if all of the antennas are consolidated in one area as we see in cities like New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles.
		The problem is that sometimes these antennas will suffer from multi-path distortion, a problem that is most common in areas with lots of buildings or obstacles that causes a "cliff effect" to kick in.
	www.antennasdirect.com /multi-directional.html (225 words)

	ANT24O5 - ProSafe™ Indoor 5 dBi Omni-directional Antenna - NETGEAR.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		With both directional and omni-directional antennas, low-loss cables, mounting hardware, and other accessories, installers can customize a value-priced wireless solution that meets the requirements of even the most challenging applications.
		This antenna is especially useful in optimizing coverage when you want to place your wireless access point or router out of plain view – in a wiring closet or above a ceiling pad.
		Locate this antenna at the top of a cubicle, on a ceiling, desktop or wall, where it is more receptive to radio signals.
	www.netgear.com /Products/AntennasandAccessories/IndoorAntennas/ANT24O5.aspx (476 words)

	INT Hi-Gain Directional Indoor Antenna: $39.95
		The Indoor Antenna has a 100 cm (40in) cord that allows you to place your computer under a desk and then place the antenna on top of the desk.
		Desktops usually have omni-directional antennas that don't allow you to specify where the signal may be coming from.
		One way is to replace your router's omni-directional antenna to focus the transmission to a specific location.
	sewelldirect.com /int-higain-antenna.asp (481 words)

	Omni Antennas: Omni Directional Wireless Antennas
		Omni-directional wireless antennas are used as access point antennas providing 360 degree coverage.
		These omni directional antennas are designed to be ued as a hub antenna or Access Point Antenna in a Point-to-Multipoint WLAN system.
		Omni Antennas have a nominal VSWR of 1.5:1 and are less than 2:1 over the entire 2400-2500 MHz frequency band.
	www.wlanantennas.com /omni_directional_antennas.htm (190 words)

	Omni-directional Antenna (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Omni-directional antennas are used in many applications, but until Nomad, they were the only way a moving robot could send information.
		Nomad uses an omni-directional antenna to send and recieve low level communications, such as commands.
		An omni-directional antenna broadcasts in all directions, outward from the antenna, so only one part of the signal reaches the reciever, the rest is just sent out into space.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/project/lri-13/www/atacama-trek/nomad_4_kids/omni-directional.html (320 words)

	Avocent: HGA51G-DIR30 Directional Antenna
		In line-of-sight applications the directional antenna allows the EWMS1000 wireless media streamer receiver or MPX1000 HD multipoint extender receiver to be placed up to 1000 feet from the transmitter.
		Applications requiring extended distance benefit from using the directional antenna as it allows the user to install a display system without running wires around a room, or incur the expense of having to open walls to run conduit.
		The optional directional antenna, the EWMS1000 wireless media streamer, and the MPX1000 HD multipoint extender can be deployed in either a point-to-point (extension) or point-to-multipoint (broadcast) configuration.
	connectivity.avocent.com /products/emerge/prod_uni-8db.asp (522 words)

	Use a Surplus Primestar Dish as an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networking Antenna
		This antenna is an offset fed dish, which means that the feed horn (our juice can) is not positioned as much in the way of an incoming signal, so it doesn't shadow the dish.
		The dish isn't as directional in the up/down directions as it is side to side.
		This antenna modification is for the IEEE 802.11b networking protocol that operates at 2.4 GHz.
	www.wwc.edu /frohro/Airport/Primestar/Primestar.html (1152 words)

	MacWireless - Wireless Help - Antenna Help
		Antennas will give you more range in the direction they are designed to focus in, but less range in other directions, as can be seen in the limited vertical range of the Omni antenna.
		When you add a MacWireless antenna to an AirPort base station or wireless router, it replaces the ball or apple-shaped signal field with the antenna signal shape that corresponds to the added antenna that is.
		MacWireless's Corner Antenna is actually a Uni-Directional antenna that is specifically designed to fit perfectly into a corner and cover a room or building that is square or rectangular in shape.
	www.macwireless.com /html/help/antenna.html (482 words)

	Yagi Directional Antennas
		While there is a multitude of directional antenna designs in use today, the Yagi is the most popular, well known and most seen.
		Basically they are directing a major or almost all of their signal in just one direction instead of dispersing all around a 360 degree circle.
		The antenna is designed to manage the power in the wanted direction and thus reduce it in unwanted directions.
	www.alternativewireless.com /cellular-antennas/yagi.html (954 words)

	Will a directional antenna with higher db output make much of a difference?
		Directional antennas focus a transmitter's output power into a narrower field.
		A high-gain directional antenna might be somewhat helpful, but ultimately may not provide sufficient coverage where you actually want it in the distant apartment.
		A 'directional' antenna gets its 'gain' from forcing more energy into a 'torus' (doughnut) shape, usually in the horizontal plane while reducing the signal up and down.
	searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com /generic/0,295582,sid40_gci1111972,00.html (1270 words)

	Easy Homemade 2.4 Ghz Omni Antenna - Gumph
		Most of the designs on the web for 2.4 GHz omni antenna seem to involve brass tubing and lmr-400 cable, none of which are readily available to me. I then found a coax only design for 444Mhz that was based on the same idea.
		When building the antenna, the exact length of each piece of RG-213 is not that important, it is the overall length of each sector that counts.
		If you want to build an antenna using this design, then you are responsible for ensuring that it doesn't breach any laws where you are, and is compatible with any hardware you connect it to.
	wireless.gumph.org /articles/homemadeomni.html (2568 words)

	6dBi Desktop Directional Antenna (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Pacific Wireless Desktop Directional antennas sit on the desktop and connect to the existing external antenna port of your wireless equipment through a 1.5M long cable.
		The directional desktop antenna transmits a beam that has a wide 80 deg horizontal and 60 deg vertical beamwidth for increased coverage area.
		By mounting in a window, the antenna can be used as customer premises equipment for wireless communications to external wireless networks when a window location is available.
	shopping.netsuite.com /s.nl/c.403468/sc.5/category.62/.f (329 words)

	BeWAN systems - Directional antenna
		The AW-PP-6 antenna is characterized by its directional beam (80° horizontally and 80° vertically).
		Combining accuracy and long range, this antenna is ideal for bridging between two access points or connecting a distant workstation to the network.
		The AW-PP-6 antenna can be connected using its flexible 90cm cable to any access point, router or network card equipped with an RSMA male connector plug.
	www.bewan.com /bewan/products/antennas/awpp6.php (198 words)

	Wireless 2.4 GHz Directional Antenna Calculator
		While there is no exact length of the can cylinder, the longer the can, the better the performance but the more directional it is. The calculator will provide the approximate numbers for actual installation of the connector into the side of the can cylinder.
		Hook up your cable from the wireless device external antenna port, point the antenna at another device and test the antenna.
		The direction it is pointing and the vertical angles are important.
	www.csgnetwork.com /antennawncalc.html (581 words)

	Using a Directional Antenna to Improve GSM/UMTS Reception - Cell Phones Blog
		Graeme blogs about using a homemade biquad WiFi antenna to boost reception, or more accurately to get a signal where there was none at all.
		I decided on the biquad antenna type, as it’s fairly compact and easy to build, yet provides decent (10-14dB) gain and is quite directional.
		Directional antennae are very sensitive to movement, precisely because they’re directional, and should be pointed straight to the other signal source, in this case at the cell site.
	www.bcellphones.com /hacks/using-a-directional-antenna-to-improve-gsmumts-reception (350 words)

	Netgear 5 dBi Omni-directional Antenna - ANT2405 - buy online from Blue Unplugged
		With both directional and omni-directional antennas (also referred to as range extenders), low-loss cables, mounting hardware, and other accessories, installers can customize a wireless solution that meets the requirements of even the most challenging applications.
		This indoor omni-directional antenna** is designed to extend coverage and increase the performance of any wireless 802.11b or 802.11g device.
		Locate this antenna at the top of a cubicle, on a ceiling, desktop or wall, where it is more receptive to radio signals.
	www.blueunplugged.com /Products/Netgear_5_dBi_Omni_directional_Antenna_ANT24O5.aspx (276 words)

	WiFi \| Directional Wireless Panel Antenna
		The antennas can be mounted in Vertical Polarization or Horizontal polarization by a simple change to the bracket mounting.
		These antennas are designed to be used in installations where aesthetics and high performance are key factors.
		If you purchase an omni antenna for your main "base station" antenna of your wifi system, it is best to purchase a directional antenna for your other systems for linking purposes.
	www.radiolabs.com /products/antennas/2.4gig/2.4-flat-panel.php (436 words)

	RadioShack.com - Home Entertainment: Accessories: Antennas: Outdoor: HDTV Indoor/Outdoor Directional Antenna
		Therefore, the need for a yagi-style antenna is not necessary for local digital reception in many metropolitan areas.
		This directional antenna is designed with the emphasis to receive UHF digital signals and most close-in VHF signals.
		The antenna is completely encased in an attractive molded plastic housing and is similar in size to a DSS dish.
	www.radioshack.com /sm-hdtv-indoor-outdoor-directional-antenna--pi-2348191.html (404 words)

	Pringles Yagi Antenna
		An antenna is an amplifier in a sense.
		A useful fact here is that one antenna can and does serve for more than one frequency, but generally the ones in the middle will work better than the ones on the ends.
		To build one, take two of the directional portions of the 18" antenna, which are the parts made from the washers, metal rod and pvc with cap, and fine a 90 degree, 125 degree, or T pvc/abs connector that attaches the ends of the tubes of the directional elements.
	www.netscum.com /~clapp/wireless.html (4344 words)

	WiFi Antennas \| Directional Wireless Antenna Products
		Even if you mount one directional antenna outdoors and connect it with the wireless router, the other computer (or wireless access point, wireless bridge, etc) may not get a strong signal if it is indoors in the other building.
		The RL1000 is not a complete outdoor antenna and we recommend that it is shielded from the direct wind.
		This is the perfect antenna for mounting under the eaves of a home or business complex.
	www.radiolabs.com /products/wireless/directional-wireless-antenna.php (735 words)

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