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Topic: Disappearances

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	Forced disappearance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The disappeared were subjected to severe torture, and held in secret detention camps such as Tazmamart where many died due to poor conditions or lack of medical treatment.
		Disappearances work on two levels: not only do they effectively silence those opposition members who have disappeared, they also sow uncertainty and terror in the wider community in general, thus silencing other opposition voices, current and potential alike.
		For the disappeared person, these include the right to liberty, the right to personal security and humane treatment (including freedom from torture), the right to a fair trial, to legal counsel, and to equal protection under the law, the right of presumption of innocence, et cetera.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Disappearances (962 words)

	Matthew900's Home Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is these unexplained disappearances and phenomena that have taken place in the Bermuda Triangle that prove the existence of an unknown power or entity within it.
		Even the Navy officials were baffled by the disappearance because even if the planes crashed, the crews had a lot of experience and should of been able to abandon the planes and launch the life rafts, “without even getting their feet wet” (Great 1).
		Even though these could be a possible answer for the disappearances, most people involved with the triangle believe that storms are not the cause due to the fact that most of them have taken place on clear calm days, but that they must be caused by some more invisible phenomena.
	hometown.aol.com /Matthew900/paper.html (2775 words)

	ai - Dornbirn / 14-Point Program for the Prevention of 'Disappearances' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The United Nations has condemned "disappearances" as a grave violation of human rights and has said that their systematic practice is of the nature of a crime against humanity.
		The prohibition of "disappearances" and the essential safeguards for their prevention must not be suspended under any circumstances, including states of war or other public emergency.
		The prohibition of "disappearances" should be reflected in the training of all officials involved in the arrest and custody of prisoners and in the instructions issued to them.
	members.magnet.at /ai.dornbirn/14p-dis.htm (1031 words)

	Disappearances
		The disappearance of these people is a source of great concern to their immediate families and those close to them.
		One of the major contributing factors to the occurrence of disappearances in Tibet is the concealment by Chinese authorities of the whereabouts of arrested political prisoners.
		The disappearance of Gendun Choekyi Nyima is a matter of great concern to the Tibetan people who accept him as the XIth reincarnation of the Panchen Lama, the second highest religious authority in Tibet.
	www.tibet.com /Humanrights/HumanRights96/hr96_6.html (984 words)

	Fact Sheet No.6 (Rev.2), Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A disappearance is a doubly paralyzing form of suffering: for the victims, frequently tortured and in constant fear for their lives, and for their family members, ignorant of the fate of their loved ones, their emotions alternating between hope and despair, wondering and waiting, sometimes for years, for news that may never come.
		Disappearances generally violate the right to a family life as well as various economic, social and cultural rights such as the right to an adequate standard of living and the right to education.
		In cases of the disappearance of a pregnant woman, the child presumed to have been born during the mother's captivity is mentioned in the description of the mother's case.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu6/2/fs6.htm (4154 words)

	Nepal: Escalating "disappearances" amid a culture of impunity - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Amnesty International is calling upon the Nepali government to investigate and clarify the fate and whereabouts of the "disappeared", bring perpetrators to justice and pay compensation to relatives, as well as to strengthen the institutional and legal frameworks needed to prevent such abuses from occurring in the future.
		An important factor contributing to the large number of "disappearances" in Nepal is the impunity with which the security forces operate and their disregard for the authority and independence of the judiciary, as well as their consistent obstruction of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in fulfilling its monitoring and investigative duties.
		It has profound implications, not just for the "disappeared" and their families, but also for the authority of the rule of law, and for the trust of the population in the security forces, courts and government.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/engasa311552004 (6076 words)

	The Bermuda Triangle, A chronological database of disappearances in the triangle
		The Bermuda Triangle, A chronological database of disappearances in the triangle
		Some of the disappearances occurred far from the boundaries of the triangle, some occurred in very bad storms and rough seas, some have other factors which might be responsible, some have no facts that can be verified, but there are a few that are quite strange.
		There is another school of thought regarding the disappearance of people along with their craft, it is thought that they are "trapped in-between time dimensions," of which there is "no way out." These disappearances are accidental and not intentional.
	byerly.org /bt.htm (2071 words)

	Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearances, G.A. res. 47/133, 47 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. ...
		In addition to such criminal penalties as are applicable, enforced disappearances render their perpetrators and the State or State authorities which organize, acquiesce in or tolerate such disappearances liable under civil law, without prejudice to the international responsibility of the State concerned in accordance with the principles of international law.
		States shall prevent and suppress the abduction of children of parents subjected to enforced disappearance and of children born during their mother's enforced disappearance, and shall devote their efforts to the search for and identification of such children and to the restitution of the children to their families of origin.
		The abduction of children of parents subjected to enforced disappearance or of children born during their mother's enforced disappearance, and the act of altering or suppressing documents attesting to their true identity, shall constitute an extremely serious offence, which shall be punished as such.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/instree/h4dpaped.htm (2075 words)

	A Campaigner Against Disappearances in Sri Lanka Wins Prestigious Kwangju Human Rights Award
		Over 30,000 persons disappeared in southern Sri Lanka between 1988-1992, in addition to the large the number of disappearances in the northern and eastern part of the country due to Tamils who struggled to win their rights.
		In 2000 she was able to erect a public monument for the disappeared at the Raddoluwa junction, where the bodies of Ranjith and Lionel were found.
		This monument was able to draw the attention of many other relatives of disappeared persons, who now gather often and try to pursue justice and improvements for the conditions of the families of the disappeared.
	www.ahrchk.net /statements/mainfile.php/2003statement/99 (895 words)

	DS9 Encyclopedia & Lexicon - Episode Guide
		Odo and Dax investigate disappearances in a village; Bareil visits the station; Jake wonders how to tell his dad he doesn't want to join Starfleet.
		As Dax shepherds a young Trill candidate, the station is threatened by a new universe growing in the lab.
		Jake lives a lifetime shadowed by the disappearance of his father in an accident.
	ds9encyclopedia.0catch.com /epguide.htm (2977 words)

	Enforced Disappearances in Jammu and Kashmir
		During 1997, human rights defenders were victims of enforced disappearance, of summary execution, of arbitrary imprisonment, of death threats, of exile and of internal displacement in many countries.
		Involuntary disappearances continue to be unresolved Phenomena, despite the three visits made by the United Nations Working Group on Enforced Disappearances in the country.
		The disappearance of the earning member of the family threatens the very existence of the whole family and the half widows with the passage of time either is deserted from their in-laws along with their children.
	www.geocities.com /apdpkashmir/press.htm (3975 words)

	Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances-index-
		The Working Group on Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID) was established in 1980 by Commission on Human Rights resolution 20 (XXXVI) and its mandate was extended for 3 years in 2004 by Commission on Human Rights resolution 2004/40.
		Clarification occurs when the fate or whereabouts of the disappeared person is clearly established, irrespective of whether the person is alive or dead.
		Enforced disappearance when “committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack” has been defined as a crime against humanity in article 7 (1) (i) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
	www.ohchr.org /english/issues/disappear (351 words)

	Report of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances
		In addition to the victims who survived the disappearance, their families are also entitled to compensation for the suffering during the time of disappearance and in the event of the death of the victim, his or her dependants are entitled to compensation.
		Four monks who reportedly disappeared in 1996 were allegedly accused of having produced pro-independence posters and leaflets containing prayers for the health and safety of the child who was recognized by the Dalai Lama on 14 May 1995 as the reincarnation of the late Panchen Lama, and who was reported to have disappeared.
		The disappearances in both regions were primarily attributable to the police authorities, the army and paramilitary groups acting in conjunction with, or with the acquiescence of, the armed forces.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord1998/documentation/commission/e-cn4-1998-43.htm (17020 words)

	Welcome to UTHRJ; Report 3, Disappearances
		We bring to you the accounts of the relatives of a few of the cases of the disappeared.
		The ‘disappeared’ are but one aspect of the Indian army’s peace mission.
		Disappearances are also caused by activities of paramilitary units and extreme nationalist groups within the two communities.
	www.uthr.org /Reports/Report3/DISAPPEARANCES.htm (1801 words)

	Human Rights Bulletin on Sri Lanka
		The latter include, for instance, complaints of "disappearances" alleged to have occurred in areas which were difficult to access, such as the "Vanni", a part of the northern province where the fighting between the security forces and the LTTE has been intense.
		Even though a "disappearance" as such does not constitute a crime under Sri Lankan law, prosecutions may initiated on the basis of acts which form the constituent elements of a "disappearance" and for which persons can be held criminally liable, such as arbitrary arrest, unlawful detention and failure to produce before a court.
		Furthermore, it cannot be excluded that in some of the cases of "disappearances" reported during 1988 which may be brought to court as a result of the investigations of the three Presidential commissions of inquiry, one or more of the accused may invoke the provisions of the Indemnity (Amendment) Act when charged.
	www.derechos.org /saran/lanka/des.html (5932 words)

	DISAPPEARANCES : U.N. Working Group Urged to Treat State-Sponsored Disappearances as Crimes Against Humanity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		We are aware of the importance of your office as the United Nations Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances and are deeply appreciative of your efforts in dealing with cases of disappearances throughout the world.
		To cause these disappearances, the legal mechanism by which the rule of law is normally upheld has been greatly modified.
		We believe that the primary reason why action against disappearances fails is because disappearances are dealt with as individual murder cases, within the system of prosecution relating to ordinary crimes.
	www.ahrchk.net /hrsolid/mainfile.php/1998vol08no12/1851 (570 words)

	'Disappearances' in Kashmir
		On disappearances, Mufti's performance has been utterly disappointing even allowing for his concerns about the BJP regime at the centre and its rival the Congress which is his coalition partner.
		This is the backdrop to the situation in regard to disappearances.
		Such act of enforced disappearance places the person subjected thereto outside the protection of the law and inflicts severe suffering on them and their families.
	www.countercurrents.org /kashmir-noorani130703.htm (1373 words)

	::: MYSTERIOUS DISAPPEARANCES IN UZBEKISTAN :::
		The unexplained disappearance of four Arabic teachers in the Uzbek capital Tashkent has been linked to the violence blamed on Islamic radicals earlier this year.
		Three other Arabic teachers have disappeared since April, but their families are refusing to give interviews and do not want be named, for fear that if their husbands are indeed being held by police, they could face retribution.
		Tolib Yakubov, who heads the Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan, said it was possible that Haidarov and the others were being held incommunicado, since his group has recorded numerous previous cases where people have been held for months either by the interior ministry or the NSS without their relatives being informed.
	www.muslimuzbekistan.com /eng/ennews/2004/07/ennews10072004_g.html (885 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Mexico -- Prosecutor investigating former Mexican president in disappearances
		Echeverria was president from 1970 to 1976, an era in which government troops and police agents were fighting a low-level conflict against Marxist rebels.
		President Vicente Fox appointed Carrillo to investigate and bring charges where possible against officials who flouted the law in fighting the rebels, some of whom themselves were accused of bank robberies, kidnappings and murders.
		He has said that his agency was assigned to infiltrate and gather information on the rebel movement, but has denied any role in disappearances and killings.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/mexico/20040227-1514-mexico-pastcrimes.html (405 words)

	Chechnya: 'Disappearances' a Crime Against Humanity (Human Rights Watch, 21-3-2005)
		‘Disappearances’ are a signature abuse in the six-year conflict in Chechnya.
		Under international law, a widespread and systematic pattern of enforced disappearances constitutes a crime against humanity—an act that outrages the conscience of humankind.
		“‘Disappearances’ are a signature abuse in the six-year conflict in Chechnya,” said Denber.
	www.hrw.org /english/docs/2005/03/21/russia10342.htm (1287 words)

	U.S.: Detained al-Qaeda Suspects “Disappeared” (Human Rights Watch, 12-10-2004)
		If the United States embraces the torture and ‘disappearance’ of its opponents, it abandons its ideals and international obligations and becomes a lesser nation.
		“‘Disappearances’ were a trademark abuse of Latin American military dictatorships in their ‘dirty war’ on alleged subversion,” said Reed Brody, special counsel with Human Rights Watch.
		Under international law, enforced disappearances occur when persons are deprived of their liberty and the detaining authority refuses to disclose their fate or whereabouts or refuses to acknowledge their detention, which places the detainees outside the protection of the law.
	hrw.org /english/docs/2004/10/12/usint9463.htm (529 words)

	Chile: Keep Pinochet-Era Prosecutions Alive (Human Rights Watch, 12-1-2001)
		Chilean courts have managed to prosecute cases of the "disappeared" despite the 1978 decree granting amnesty to the armed forces for such crimes.
		The courts have used a jurisprudential rule that establishes a "disappearance" as a continuing crime -- one that extends beyond the period of military rule because the victims have never been found and therefore the criminal act is still underway.
		To do this, the government must search for new methods to ensure cooperation, such as penalizing those who conceal information, or providing benefits to those who cooperate, while taking care that the courts are given the resources and support they need to investigate these horrific crimes and bring those responsible to justice.
	www.hrw.org /press/2001/01/pinotchet0112.htm (572 words)

	El Salvador: Disappearances
		When his father, who was a guerrilla fighter, sent for the child, the woman who went to get him from the orphanage was disappeared by the security forces.
		It was the first time that an institution within the Salvadorian government recognised that forced disappearances had taken place during the war.
		According to the Association, cases of child disappearances in neighbouring Guatemala are also now coming to light.
	www.rnw.nl /humanrights/html/disappearances.html (723 words)

	Richard Hugo House: Annual Inquiry 2000: Disappearances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This year's event happened October 7 & 8 and focused on the theme of disappearances.
		In art, things disappear and return as something else.
		Therefore, the reader will come on the same room more than once: the same tablecloth with red-checked squares; the identical table by an open window.
	www.hugohouse.org /programs/disappear_main.html (239 words)

	ABC News: Striking Similarities in Two Disappearances
		Amy Bradley disappeared in March 1998 while vacationing with her family on a cruise ship in the Caribbean.
		Amy Bradley, a 23-year-old recent college graduate who was about to start a new job at the time of her disappearance, vanished in March 1998 while she vacationed with her family on a Caribbean cruise.
		The Bradleys say three men who worked on the ship became friendly with Amy and wanted to take her to a bar in Aruba, Carlos 'n Charlie's — the same bar where Holloway was seen eating and dancing the night she disappeared.
	abcnews.go.com /US/story?id=831761&page=1 (417 words)

	A Judicial Blackout: Judicial Impunity for Disappearances in Punjab, India
		In 1994, in response to reports of mass disappearances orchestrated by the police,[23] Jaswant S. Khalra, Chairman of the Human Rights Wing of the Akali Dal, and Jaspal S. Dhillon, then General Secretary of the Wing, investigated illegal cremations conducted by the Punjab Police between 1984 and 1994 in three crematoria in Amritsar district.
		Police responded to admitted writs with several types of claims: that the detention never occurred, that the disappeared had absconded and was a proclaimed offender, that he was killed in an encounter, that terrorists had kidnapped and killed the disappeared, or that he had escaped after going for recovery of weapons.
		Several High Court justices and lawyers described the judiciary’s attempts to ignore disappearances and “sweep the matter under the carpet.”[96] The High Court’s reliance on the police’s denial or its lack of motive as evidence of its innocence shows that the High Court did not intend to investigate these allegations.
	www.law.harvard.edu /students/orgs/hrj/iss15/kaur.shtml (12427 words)

	Anomalies Review: Supernatural Disappearances
		Davies attempts to show a connection between extreme emotional states, alternate dimensions, and cases of strange disappearance, appearance, and teleportation; but he doesn't do it very well, often coming to silly conclusions from his given facts.
		For the most part, the facts in the cases he presents can in no way be seen as proof positive of a necessarily supernatural disappearance, and he often ignores far more mundane possible reasons for a person to vanish.
		Despite this, the book is a good list of all the classic cases of the three stated phenomena, and the author does an excellent job of investigating the disappearance of Benjamin Bathurst, bringing up many new details that will need to be examined.
	www.anomalyinfo.com /biblio/b00002.shtml (836 words)

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