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Topic: Discharge tube

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Gas Discharge Lamps, Ballasts, and Fixtures The arc tube's discolorations absorb light from the arc, causing the arc tube to overheat, the sodium vapor pressure becomes excessive, and the arc cannot be maintained. A significant surplus of sodium is contained in the glass arc tube since the glass may absorb or react with some of the sodium. When cold, the metallic mercury or sodium in the arc tube is in its normal state (liquid or solid) at room temperature. members.misty.com /don/dschlamp.html

The Technology of Anita Calculators Explained With all the cathodes at the same voltage a glow discharge from one of them to the anode will be transferred clockwise to its neighbouring cathode when a pulse is applied to all ten associated guide (transfer) electrodes. Detail of the keyboard decoder board showing the GS10D "Dekatron" decade counter tube, with a small ECC81 vacuum tube (thermionic valve) to its right, which is part of a blocking oscillator circuit providing driving pulses at a rate of 4000 per second. There is a mauve glow around the electrodes as the discharge is passed from one electrode to the next around the assembly. www.vintagecalculators.com /BellPunch/html/the_technology_explained.html

Discharge Methods Utilizing Tubular or Cylindrical Electrodes The oxygen gas in the gap between the dielectric tube and the inner electrode is subjected to corona discharge which is produced by applying a potential of 30 to 50 kV between the inner electrode and the ground electrode. A dry oxygen-bearing gas passes through and is stored inside the tube; electrical discharges occur between the high tension electrode enclosed by the dielectric tube and the fluid counter-electrode which completely surrounds the dielectric tube, and ozone is produced by oxidization of the oxygen-bearing gas. Gas that is fed into the tops of the ozone generators exits the generator by a connection between the generator and the hollow bottom support rod. www.valdosta.edu /~tmanning/research/ozone/discharge-tubular.html

Gas Discharge Lamps, Ballasts, and Fixtures Because of the unusual appearance of the light from gas discharge tubes, quacks and con artists also have used and are using this technology as part of expensive useless devices for everything from curing cancer to contacting the dead. Fluorescent lamps are a special class of gas discharge lamps where the electric current produces mostly invisible UV light which is turned into visible light by a special phosphor coating on the interior of the tube. Rather, the atoms or molecules of the gas inside a glass, quartz, or translucent ceramic tube, are ionized by an electric current through the gas or a radio frequency or microwave field in proximity to the tube. dszn.avo.ru /computers/Hard/FAQs/www.repairfaq.org/REPAIR/F_dlamp.html

Carbon Nanotubes for Gas Discharge Tubes Gas discharge tubes are often placed in central office switch gear, slick cabinets and vaults and other customer locations. Gas discharge tube is a metal/ceramic tube filled with a low-pressure gas. Right: Experimental data from Dr. Zhou and his collaborators show that the breakdown-voltage fluctuation of carbon nanotube based gas discharge tube is a factor of 5-20 lower than the commercial products. www.applied-nanotech.com /gastube.htm

Sankosha Surge Arresters and SAN-EARTH Conductive Cement Sankosha gas discharge tubes are available in axial leaded, radial leaded, surface mount, and special packages. High voltage gas tube models like the Y08SV-312B are designed for power supply applications where HiPot testing is required, and we also manufacture very small gas tube arrester models for surface mount applications where real estate is at a premium. Sankosha has been selling gas tube arresters in the U.S. since the seventies and Sankosha U.S.A., Inc., the company’s 100% owned subsidiary, was established in 1987 to better service the growing market in the Americas. www.sankosha-usa.com

PIRA 5M20.00 TUBES Gas discharge tubes for spectra, fluorescence of minerals, line tubes, paddle wheel, etc. are mentioned. Pump down a long discharge tube to show Crookes' dark space, negative glow, Faraday dark space, striations, etc. The function of the grid in a discharge tube is shown with a thyratron. www.physics.ncsu.edu:8380 /pira/5eandm/5M20.html

Physics Today November 2001 Sprites and elves are a grand natural manifestation of ideas and laboratory experiments conceived many decades ago by Rayleigh, Thomson, Wilson, and Langmuir--all of whom won Nobel prizes--and by a host of 19th century glow discharge tube spectroscopists. He was fascinated by the positive (anode) column of the glow discharge tube and developed novel experimental methods for measuring free electron concentrations and energies within discharge tubes. The presence of free electrons in sprites in such dilute concentration--some 13 orders of magnitude less than that in lightning channels!--helps resolve the spectroscopic puzzle about the apparent absence of ionization in both the air-filled glow discharge tube and in the body of sprites. sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu /~cpbl/press/williamsNov2001

SO/H Sodium The discharge tube is U-shaped and fabricated from 2-ply sodium-resistant glass, and to allow this to attain a wall temperature of 260°C under which conditions the discharge is most efficient, it is operated inside a dewar vacuum jacket to provide thermal insulation. It is interesting to note the extra efforts made by Mazda - for instance the small nickel cap to protect the delicate vacuum tip-off, a barium getter to preserve the vacuum in the dewar, and a variety of methods to keep moisture away from the discharge tube. At end of life it was customary to retain the dewar and only the inner tube need be replaced. www.lamptech.co.uk /SO.htm

Dictionary G Gas discharge tubes were used about 1750AD by William Watson in England, who showed that the flow of charge through a gas in sealed container increases as the pressure is lowered. This process is often called gas discharge, and the apparatus used is called a gas discharge tube. As the pressure in the container is reduced below that of the atmosphere, conductivity increases until, at a pressure of about 0.001 atmosphere, gases become fairly good conductors. www.ucc.ie /ucc/depts/chem/dolchem/html/dict/000g1.html

neon Geissler tube - Geissler tube, gas discharge tube in which light is produced when an electric discharge passes... Neon is a rare gas present in the atmosphere to a very limited extent. Neon is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0835207.html

Geissler tube - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Geissler tubes have had a large impact on the development of such instruments as the x-ray tube, the Electrotachyscope, neon signs, mass spectrometry and some forms of the light bulb, all of which use related vacuum and discharge principles. The Geissler tube is a glass tube for demonstrating the principles of electrical discharge. The tube was invented by the German glassblower Heinrich Geissler in 1857. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geissler_tube   (415 words)

Exhibit Cross Reference - Glow Discharge Glow discharge demonstrates electrical effects in a low pressure gas. After this phenomenon, the orange glow disappears completely leaving behind a blue violet glow which slowly gets dimmer until the tube is once again dark, except this time at a low pressure. If gas is leaked into the tube up to atmospheric (or almost atmospheric) pressure, all glowing ceases. www.exploratorium.edu /xref/exhibits/glow_discharge.html   (415 words)

General Spectroscopy Overview The first sources of spectral emission lines were simply arc lamps, or another form of electrical discharge in a sealed tube containing gas in which the pressure was kept so low that a significant portion of the radiation was emitted in the form of discrete lines. The Geissler discharge tube, of which the neon lamp used in advertising signs provides an example, is such a source. Other photodetectors include imaging tubes (e.g., television cameras), which can measure a spatial variation of the light across the surface of the photocathode, and microchannel plates, which combine the spatial resolution of an imaging tube with the light sensitivity of a photomultiplier. www.pharm.uky.edu /ASRG/general_spectroscopy.html   (415 words)

Patent Specification No. 474,607 In the circuit arrangement of Figure 2, a potentiometer comprising an ohmic resistance 19 connected in series with a neon discharge tube 20 is connected across the terminals 2 and 3 of the source the voltage of which is to be smoothed. In another circuit arrangement, the potentiometer comprises an ohmic resistance connected in series with one or more neon discharge tubes connected across the source to be smoothed. The impedance may take the form of an ohmic resistance or such a resistance connected in series with a gas discharge tube having the property of providing a substantially constant voltage for a varying current passing through it and provided with tapping points of different potential. www.doramusic.com /patents/474607.htm   (415 words)

Patent 4355963: Horizontal rotary compressor with oil forced by gas discharge into crankshaft bore 5 shows a variant form of the overlapping portion of refrigerant gas discharge pipe 12 and lubricant oil-gas feed tube 14 shown in FIG. 6 and 7 refrigerant gas discharge pipe 112 and lubricant oil-gas feed tube 114 are shown as being constituted separately, similar effects can be obtained even if they are integrally constituted. Fitted in discharge port 122 provided in cylinder 108 or cylinder head 107 is a refrigerant gas discharge pipe 112 which has hermetically connected thereto a suction pipe 112a at a lower portion, suction pipe 112a extending downwards and being open at its end near the bottom of closed shell 101. www.freepatentsonline.com /4355963.html   (415 words)

EXplorations in Medicine ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter 1 - The Intensity Coil and the Crookes Tube This chapter gives detailed instructions on the construction of an induction intensity coil and the discharge electrodes and condenser which are required for the production of a high electrical potential. There is one interesting sketch by Thomas Edison showing the basic circuit for energizing a discharge tube. A large number of tubes have already been employed in different experiments with, and applications of, the X-rays for photography, and in connection with the fluoroscope. interzone.com /~cheung/SUM.dir/med93.html   (846 words)

Historical Scientific Instrument Gallery An electrical discharge through a partially evacuated tube glows with a color depending on the type of glass in the tube and the gas inside. While connected to a high voltage, which causes a discharge in the tubes, the arms are rotated, producing a spectacular display, especially in a darkened room. Studies of discharges in such tubes later led to the development of atomic physics. physics.unl.edu /outreach/histinstr/vacuum.html   (454 words)

SCHOTT AG - UK - Products - Tubing - Tubing Main applications for tubing for inner construction of discharge lamps (flare and exhaust tubing), housing and glazing tubing for electronic flash tubes, housing and glazing tubing for LCD 'backlights', tubular bulbs (with domes end) for discharge and projection lamps, mercury switches. Chemically highly resistant neutral glass tubing (Hydrolytic Class 1), especially suited for processing into pipettes, test tubes and syringes. SCHOTT produces special glass tubing, capillary and rod in a wide range of dimensions for a great variety of applications. www.schott.com /uk/english/products/tubing/tubing.html   (454 words)

MSN Encarta - Dictionary - Geissler tube electrical discharge tube containing low-pressure gas: a discharge tube containing gas at low pressure that glows when an electric current is passed through it Search for " Geissler tube " in all of MSN Encarta Named for the German glass blower Heinrich Geissler (1814-1879), who invented it. encarta.msn.com /dictionary_561531874_1861674751/nextpage.html   (454 words)

Vacuum Tubes In addition to our regular line of reproduction and custom-crafted vacuum discharge tubes, we sometimes have a limited supply of antique vacuum discharge tubes. Note: We will be happy to consider reproducing any specific designs of Crookes type and Geissler type tubes you may desire, such as designs you have seen in museums or texts. Main Page | Crystal Radios | Radio Kits | Static Machines | Induction Coils | Vacuum Tubes | Classic Reprints | Tesla Reprints | Used & Rare Books people.clarityconnect.com /webpages2/arcsandsparks/vacuumtubepage.html   (454 words)

Lighting The voltage surge across the tube is sufficient to ionise the gas, reducing the resistance to electron flow and allowing the discharge to occur and be sustained by the mains voltage. The mains voltage is sufficient to cause a glow discharge in the starter which warms the bimetal strips. When the control switch is closed the contacts on the bimetal strips which are open form the electrodes of a small discharge lamp. www.marineengineering.org.uk /electLight/ellightMain.htm   (454 words)

Chemical of the Week -- Gases that emit light When a voltage is applied to the two electrodes of a gas discharge tube, an electric field is created between the electrodes. When a voltage is applied to the two electrodes and the pressure of the gas in the tube is reduced, eventually a pressure is reached at which a current flows, and the gas begins to glow. In a high-pressure discharge, the concentration of excited molecules is much higher than in a low-pressure discharge. scifun.chem.wisc.edu /chemweek/gasemit/gasemit.html   (454 words)

Voltage Variations And Arc Discharge Lamps Sure, manufacturers design their arc discharge lamps to perform best when operated on a line voltage within the range of ballast design (indicated on the ballast nameplate). When a loss of power of sufficient duration extinguishes the first arc tube, the second arc tube immediately ignites at partial output as soon as the power is reestablished. The reactor ballast is the simplest magnetic ballast, consisting of a choke coil wound on an iron core (to limit the current). ecmweb.com /mag/electric_voltage_variations_arc   (454 words)

Physics Today November 2001 Sprites and elves are a grand natural manifestation of ideas and laboratory experiments conceived many decades ago by Rayleigh, Thomson, Wilson, and Langmuir--all of whom won Nobel prizes--and by a host of 19th century glow discharge tube spectroscopists. He was fascinated by the positive (anode) column of the glow discharge tube and developed novel experimental methods for measuring free electron concentrations and energies within discharge tubes. These short-lived luminous shapes, now recognized as electrical discharge phenomena, are associated with large thunderstorms called mesoscale convective systems. sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu /~cpbl/press/williamsNov2001   (454 words)

Krytron - Enpsychlopedia Unlike most other gas switch tubes, the krytron uses arc discharge to handle very high voltages and currents (several kV and several kA peak), rather than the usual low-current glow discharge. It is a cold-cathode gas filled tube intended for use as a very high-speed switch. The krytron is a development of the triggered spark gaps and thyratrons originally developed for radar transmitters during World War II. www.grohol.com /psypsych/Sprytron   (454 words)

Science Projects - Tesla Coil, Laser, Cathode Ray Tube Laser radiation is produced when a gas discharge tube is highly evacuated and then filled with gas, placed between two mirrors forming a resonant optical cavity. The cathode ray tube is a vacuum tube, produced without a vacuum pump, and it's made from only a 1/2" dia. Flying home, I put the tube together in less than 10 minutes, hooked it up to the Tesla Coil and a strangely blue eerie glow was dancing through the tube and I could plainly see the Faraday dark space at the cathode. www.primeline-america.com /bckps/pages/science   (802 words)

An Amateur X-Ray System His X-ray source was a Crooke's gas-discharge tube with a very-low- for-the-time vacuum of 1/10,000 atmospheres. His viewing screen was a barium platino-cyanide powder which he was using to see the mysterious radiation coming from gas-discharge tubes and radioactive salts. A tube like this and a cathode ray tube are "cold-cathode" tubes, having no glowing filament to kick out a shower of electrons, and do not produce X-rays as well as "hot-cathode" tubes. www.webcom.com /sknkwrks/xray.htm   (2030 words)

Gas Discharge Lamps, Ballasts, and Fixtures Fluorescent lamps are a special class of gas discharge lamps where the electric current produces mostly invisible UV light which is turned into visible light by a special phosphor coating on the interior of the tube. Nasty chemicals: Various toxic substances may be present inside high pressure discharge lamps (sodium and mercury) and neon signs (some phosphors). A low pressure sodium lamp consists of a tube made of special sodium-resistant glass containing sodium and a neon-argon gas mixture. members.misty.com /don/dschlamp.html   (7875 words)

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