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Topic: Discourse

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	Discourse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Discourse is a term used in semantics as in discourse analysis, but it also refers to a social conception of discourse, often linked with the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault (1926-1984) and Jürgen Habermas' The Theory of Communicative Action (1985).
		The same discourse may change political sides quite often, being reappropriated and endlessly modified, as did Foucault show in his analysis of the historical and political discourse; there is a "polymorphic tactics" of discourses.
		In other words, specific discourses are not tied to the subject; rather, the subject is a social construction of the discourse, or, as Nietzsche said, a "grammatical fiction".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Discourse (621 words)

	fsendbuehler.silence.as.discourse
		Discourse can be defined as: `To pass from premise to conclusion'; To hold discourse; to discuss a matter; To speak or write at length on some subject; to tell,narrate, or relate.
		We can see that silence as a form of discourse is as difficult aconcept as intertextuality is for Nyquist; the boundaries of human speech are nearly endless, and so the boundaries of silence can also be appreciated as vast and unapproachable in their "undefined discursive space", a term Nyquist uses in reference to intertextuality.
		Her discourse is fundamentally preoccupied with the fact there is something missing, yet she seems to miss that it is a Miltonic silence at every turn, in every passage, that speaks so as to prevent her own discourse from reaching a point of completed meaning, however speculative that meaning might be.
	www.urich.edu /~creamer/silence.html (2642 words)

	Salman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses
		The context suggests that the primary discourse invoked is that of feminism.
		This bricolage of historical and fictional components is not available to the discourse of religion for which a condition of the discourse is that the truth be accepted as of divine origin.
		By placing the monologic discourses of Islam and of nationalism within the polyglossic and heteroglossic discourse of fiction, Rushdie is able to decenter them and reveal the self interest that lies behind all special uses of language--except that of fiction to which he remains largely blind.
	www.csulb.edu /~bhfinney/SalmanRushdie.html (8230 words)

	The Behavioral Technology of Discourse Analysis
		A successful discourse technology, as foreseen by Skinner, would allow the practitioner to know enough about the organization of discourse and its functional properties to be effective in using discourse as a change agent.
		As well, the method of identifying functional units in discourse must be empirical and natural; that is, the units must be in the language of behavioral contingency management.
		For example, the earliest discourse fragments produced by little children consist of their attempt to label an object in view or an internal sensation such as hunger or loneliness.
	www.soc.hawaii.edu /leonj/499s2000/banaag/file15.html (2145 words)

	Deliberative Discourse \| Theory
		Discourse members respect that each of them possesses “deliberative capacities,” the capacities needed to participate in an environment where reasons are publicly exchanged and the ability to mold solutions and achieve consensus on policies developed from the exchange of such public reasoning.
		Cyberspace discourse participants are not forced to live in the same neighborhoods, on the same streets, and send their children to the same schools.
		If the discourse is the constituency (all the members of the constituency are also discourse participants) the problem appears trivial—members are aware that, although their decision may be “interim” in the sense that it is open to further revision, it is a “decision” all the same.
	cyber.law.harvard.edu /projects/deliberation/theory (5018 words)

	On Hegemonic Discourse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Thus, for instance, it is said that "patriarchal" societies practice a hegemonic masculinist discourse, and that this is why when gender-feminists try to say their truth they are driven to such linguistic enormities.
		The phrase "hegemonic discourse" is well established (in a hegemonic discourse?), and is equally beloved of charlatans and genuine thinkers; in view of the latter, there must be something to it.
		All discourse is enabled by grammar, by implicit rules that let us, e.g., put "horse" and "fast"/"slow" together but not "horse" and "vaporous"/"condensed." Grammar is primarily learned and enforced not by direct study-recalling junior high, that would be a lost cause indeed- but by apprenticed practice.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft9408/opinion/jenson.html (1811 words)

	Emma's Written Discourse article 1
		Discourse is natural spoken or written language, with meaning being transferred through the sentences of a text, in context.
		The study of discourse, or 'discourse analysis' is concerned with "the study of the relationship between language and the contexts in which it is used" (McCarthy 1991: 5).
		Discourse was inspired by the work on the different disciplines of linguistics, semiotics, psychology, anthropology and sociology during the 1960s and 1970s.
	www.developingteachers.com /articles_tchtraining/diswrite1_emma.htm (723 words)

	Discourse analysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Discourse analysis (DA), or discourse studies, is a general term for a number of approaches to analyzing written, spoken or signed language use.
		Discourse analysis has been taken up in a variety of disciplines, including linguistics, anthropology, sociology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, international relations and communication studies, each of which is subject to its own assumptions and methodologies.
		Often a distinction is made between 'local' structures of discourse (such as relations between sentences, propositions or turns), and 'global' structures, such as the overall topics and the schematic organization of the discourse or conversation as a whole.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Discourse_analysis (465 words)

	Identifying Discourse Problems
		Each of these discourses deals with the same content and often in the same contexts; what distinguishes them are the rules of speaking and writing.
		The "problem" that the discourse is dealing with is: "why were people attracted to fascism?" Suppose you read the account and all the information that is presented to you deals with men.
		Discourses, however, are constantly changing, that is, their "rules" are constantly changing.
	www.wsu.edu /~dee/SKILLS/DISCPROB.HTM (804 words)

	Discourse
		The process of discourse among individuals is an excellent context in which to study the complex adaptive systems of learning and thinking.
		The purpose of this study is to use the dynamics of complex adaptive systems to examine one particular instance of discourse and to seek an understanding of the dynamics that arose on both the individual and group scales.
		The sample of discourse included in this study is far simpler than many because it included such a small number of participants who shared many common perspectives and interests.
	www.winternet.com /~eoyang/discourse.htm (4284 words)

	Discourse Ethics
		Beyond the embeddedness of discourse ethics in the development of western rationality and in the process of differentation of rationality (in its three types of theoretical, practical and expressive rationality) is a meta-ethical framework in a broad sense.
		Discourse ethics is a normative ethics for pluralistic societies which no longer have a single, overarching moral authority.
		The discourse ethics is not a ethics that gives norms for every moral conflict that might arise, for example in biotechnology, etc. But the discourse ethics is effective in providing tools for a communicative framework in which political and moral conflicts are resolved.
	caae.phil.cmu.edu /Cavalier/Forum/meta/background/agimmler.html (1904 words)

	Bove 1990
		In other words, these discourses are linked to social institutions which "have power" in the very ordinary sense we mean when we use that phrase: such institutions can control bodies and actions.
		It does this to stand in opposition to them and to provide the results of its work to whomever would like to use them in their struggles against the forms of power they are trying to resist' (62).
		Discourse can turn literary studies into a full criticism, one which is skeptical, critical, oppositional, and-- when appropriate-- sustentative.
	www.sil.org /~radneyr/humanities/Bove1990.htm (862 words)

	Foucault, "The Discourse on Language," Summary
		Fellowship of discourse, whose function is to preserve or to reproduce discourse, but in order that it should circulate within a closed community, according to strict regulations, without those in possession being dispossessed by this very distribution.
		Western thought seems to have ensured that discourse should appear merely as a certain interjection between speaking and thinking; that it should constitute thought, clad in its signs and rendered visible by words or, conversely, that the structures of language themselves should be brought into play, producing a certain effect of meaning.
		Discourse is a discontinuous activity, its different manifestations sometimes coming together, but just as easily unaware of, or excluding, the other.
	www.brocku.ca /english/courses/4F70/discourse.html (2280 words)

	NHS-YES: A Brief Look at Discourse Markers in ASL
		While some areas of discourse analysis reside within traditional linguistic fields, discourse analysis as a whole, “refers to the study of language beyond the level of the grammatical sentence.
		In a class discussion on discourse markers, Divley (2002) acknowledged the code “(head nod)” found in Metzger and Bahan (2000) as a discourse marker in a transcribed ASL narrative.
		Another aspect of nod l that points to it being a discourse marker is that it often stands alone at the end of an episode.
	home.earthlink.net /~terperto/id8.html (1608 words)

	What is the Olivet Discourse?
		Answer: The Olivet Discourse is the name given to the orderly and extended teaching given by Christ on the Mount of Olives.
		Though the discourse itself begins at Matthew 24:3, Mark 13:3 and Luke 21:7, Christ's discourse is in response to questions from the disciples, questions based on what Jesus told them in Matthew 24:1-2, Mark 13:1-2, and Luke 21:5-6.
		Christ was speaking of God's program concerning Israel, and the content of this discourse in large part has direct reference to Daniel 9:24-27, as well as Revelation 6:1-19:21, passages that refer to the future 7-year period called the Tribulation.
	www.gotquestions.org /Olivet-discourse.html (1474 words)

	[No title]
		This type of discourse is doubtless the only type in which the referent is aimed for as something external the discourse, without it ever being possible to attain it outside the discourse.
		As with any discourse which lays claim to 'realism', historical discourse on admits to knowing a semantic schema with two terms, the referent and the signifier; the (illusory) confusion of referent and signified is, as know, the hallmark of auto-referential discourses like the performative.
		The signified is eliminated from the 'objective' discourse, and ostensibly allows the 'real' and its expression to come together, and this succeeds in establishing a new meaning, on the infallible principle already stated that any deficiency of elements in a system is in its' significant.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/pcraddoc/barthes.htm (3999 words)

	Discourse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Since the inauguration of DISCOURSE in 1994, world events and developments have provided a great opportunity for philosophical reflection about the contemporary world.
		For this reason, the theme for the 2004 volume of DISCOURSE will be "Philosophical Questions of the Past Decade." The editorial board hopes this theme will provide a forum for various contemporary philosophical interests.
		While well-written work dealing with the aforementioned topic is preferred, the editorial staff of DISCOURSE remains open to accepting work outside of the years suggested theme.
	www.usfca.edu /philosophy/discourse (116 words)

	Discourse Analysis
		First, with colleagues at AT&T Bell Laboratories, she is using the theory to study the information about discourse structure conveyed by intonation, i.e., how tones demark, in spoken language, some of the structure that paragraphs and parentheses indicate in written language.
		Excerpt from The Problems of Discourse (Chapter 1 subsection): "From one point of view, the point of view of daily life, all of these problems are not really problems.
		The central problems in understanding how people interpret discourse are therefore how to characterize the knowledge that people have and the processes they use to deploy that knowledge in the task of interpreting discourse.
	www.aaai.org /AITopics/html/discourse.html (1614 words)

	Centre for Discourse Studies
		The Centre for Discourse Studies is based in the Department of Languages, Culture and Aesthetics in the Faculty of Humanities and supports locally the interdisciplinary research of scholars and students of discourse studies.
		Thus, the study of discourse is a crucial element of a democratic society: it can stimulate a critical awareness of language use in a variety of contexts.
		Topics of interest to the members of the Centre for Discourse Studies include: advertising and promotional literature, mass media discourse, racism and (hetero)sexism, intercultural discourse, environmental discourse, digital discourse and the Internet, discourses of immigration and assimilation, language and neo-liberalism, discourse in professional or institutional settings, political discourse, biotechnology discourse, literary discourse.
	diskurs.hum.aau.dk /english (405 words)

	Discourse Unit - Introduction - MMU: Psychology & Speech Pathology
		The Discourse unit has been established as a Centre for Qualitative and Theoretical Research on the Reproduction and Transformation of Language, Subjectivity and Practice.
		The Discourse Unit supports a variety of qualitative and theoretical research projects contributing to the development of discourse theory in psychology, with the term 'discourse' used primarily in its critical foucauldian and hermeneutic senses to include inquiries influenced by feminism and psychoanalysis.
		There are regular closed meetings of the Discourse Unit to discuss ongoing research projects, and open meetings to provide a forum for debate about methodological, theoretical and political issues in psychology and the human sciences.
	www.psychology.mmu.ac.uk /research/research_discourse.htm (253 words)

	Discourse Modeling
		A dialogue system identifying the relevant semantic and pragmatic information will thus have to be based on a theory in which semantics and pragmatics are (i) both developed with the formal precision that is a prerequisite for implementation and (ii) suitably attuned to each other and intertwined.
		Current approaches to discourse and dialogue from the field of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics are based on four predominant theories of discourse which emerged in the mid- to late-eighties:
		A tripartite organization of discourse structure according to the focus of attention of the speaker (the attentional state), the structure of the speaker's purposes (the intentional structure) and the structure of sequences of utterances (the linguistic structure); each of these three constituents deal with different aspects of the discourse.
	cslu.cse.ogi.edu /HLTsurvey/ch6node4.html (997 words)

	Discourse Starter Edition Installation and Startup Help (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Discourse is a networked computing software application designed specifically to work in a one-to-one computing environment.
		Now that Discourse has been installed on your computer (and you have rebooted) you are ready to configure the Discourse Software.
		Copy the file you copied during the Install of Discourse on the Teacher computer in Step 6 to your school's server to a directory that all the student handheld computers can access.
	www.ets.org /Media/Products/Discourse/starterlaunch.html (2489 words)

	SIL Bibliography: Discourse analysis
		Beavon, Keith H. Studies in the discourse grammar of Konzime, a Bantu language of Cameroon.
		Discourse approaches to cohesion: a study of the structure and unity of a Central Bontoc expository text.
		Farr, Cynthia J. The interface between syntax and discourse in Korafe: a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_subject.asp?code=DAN (6038 words)

	Discourse Markers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Discourse markers are important in understanding discourse coherence.
		The role of markers in the argument is inferred by looking at the point in the discourse at which they occur.
		Both form and meaning are subject to continual negotiation between the participants in the discourse.
	www.media.mit.edu /gnl/discourse/summaries/schiffrin3.html (149 words)

	discourse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Poetic/aesthetic application moves discourse from literal to figurative by using tropes (metaphor, simile, metonymy, synecdoche) to both broaden and magnify purpose.
		His theory is especially important to the teaching of writing and language arts and process-over-product pedagogy because it is generally the expressivist epiphany, hunch, or simple raw inspiration that begins the process toward a transactive speech-act or text.
		Transactive discourse used alone is nothing more or less than the delivery of useful information, your bank statement, a stereo manual, laws, rules, etc.
	www.uwplatt.edu /~ciesield/discourse.html (1026 words)

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