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Memorylessness - Wikipédia These are the distributions of the number of independent Bernoulli trials needed to get one "success", with a fixed probability p of "success" on each trial. Suppose that rather than considering the discrete number of trials until the first "success", we consider continuous waiting time T until the arrival of the first phone call at a switchboard. The only difference between this and the discrete version is that instead of requiring s and t to be positive (or, in some cases, nonnegative) integers, thus achieving discreteness, we allow them to be real numbers that are not necessarily integers. su.wikipedia.org /wiki/Memorylessness   (451 words)

PlanetMath: discrete space   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) The discrete topology is the finest topology one can give to a set. The product of an infinite number of discrete spaces is discrete under the box topology, but if an infinite number of the spaces have more than one element, it is not discrete under the product topology. This is version 14 of discrete space, born on 2002-02-27, modified 2005-06-19. planetmath.org /encyclopedia/Discrete.html   (231 words)

PlanetMath: cryptography and number theory   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) A number of other problems have been used as the basis for cryptosystems; however, designing a secure cryptosystem is extremely difficult. Such a procedure allows one to compute discrete logarithms of the entire factor base, and thence of any element, much more quickly than generic discrete logarithm methods. This is version 8 of cryptography and number theory, born on 2004-02-18, modified 2005-01-01. planetmath.org /encyclopedia/CryptographyAndNumberTheory.html   (1103 words)

Discrete mathematics:Number theory - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks Number Theory, the study of the integers, is one of the oldest and richest branches of mathematics. In the number 5500, the prime 5 is raised to the third power and in the number 450 the prime 5 is raised to the second power. In the number 5500, the prime 11 is raised to the first power and in the number 450 the prime 11 is raised to the zero power. en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Number_Theory   (4794 words)

Talk:Discrete mathematics:Number representations - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks More generally, a number representation could be considered a number b and a set of numbers D known as "digits" (of which one is zero). Representation of other numbers in terms of an infinite sequence of digits (almost all of which are zero) then follows as before, i.e., Obviously, depending on b and D, some numbers may be unrepresentable, or there may be numbers which have multiple representations (one or the other is unavoidable once you allow a continuum e.g. en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Talk:Discrete_mathematics:Number_representations   (125 words)

Fixed-point arithmetic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In computing, a fixed-point number representation is a real data type for a number that has a fixed number of digits after the decimal (binary or radix) point. Fixed-point numbers are useful for representing fractional values in native two's complement format if the executing processor has no floating point unit (FPU) or if fixed-point provides improved performance. A common use for fixed-point BCD numbers is for storing monetary values, where the inexact values of floating-point numbers are often a liability. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fixed-point_arithmetic   (706 words)

Discrete Mathematics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) That is a discrete math problem (because there are a finite (fixed, discrete) number of bridges). The numbers can be large and the logic can be complex, but these type of problems are different from finding an optimal value for a function where the domain can be 3, 3.14, 3.14159, or any real value. Prime numbers have other properties that are unique to them, and pose many interesting mathematical questions, many of which the answers are not known. www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/math99/math99217.htm   (519 words)

System and method for preparing a recognition dictionary - Patent 4658429   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) comparing the number of combinations of each feature for selecting as a highest priority one of the features of the categories to be recognized having the highest number of combinations in response to the summed number of combinations. The adjacent discrete category extraction section 44 analyzes the relation between the category distribution in the reference category memory section 49 and the category distribution in the object category memory section 40, as explained later, by a renewal signal 41 sent by the category combination control section 48. The number of steps of features until a recognition result is outputted is, according to the prior art method, equal to the value indicated by a circle 89, i.e. www.freepatentsonline.com /4658429.html   (6621 words)

4cData - Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Tools   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Unsupervised discretization algorithm; divides the attribute range into constant number of intervals of equal width. The number of resulting discrete intervals is controlled by the 'Max number of discretization intervals/class'. Uses a rule of thumb to decide the number of discrete intervals. www.4cdata.net /4cDicretizer/Algorithm.asp   (193 words)

MMU - Research Design, Biol Sci Stats and RDVariables and data   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Discrete data are also known as count data since all discrete data can be counted. Examples include: the number of eggs in a clutch (1, 2, 3...), the number of plants in a quadrat (1, 2, 3, 4....) and the number of mice turning left in a maze (1, 2, 3, 4,....). If the number of counts is very large data are generally assumed to be continuous, for example the number of red blood cells can only be a discrete number but the possible values are so large that we treat this variable as continuous. obelia.jde.aca.mmu.ac.uk /rd/variable.htm   (441 words)

Performance Requirements for Random Number Generation The counts of random numbers falling into each subinterval are tallied and compared with the expected counts, which are proportional to the widths of the subintervals. An ``increasing run'' is a sequence of random numbers in strictly increasing order; it is followed by a random number that is strictly smaller than the preceding random number. A chi-square test is not used to assess the number of collisions; rather, the limits on the number of collisions, corresponding to the 2.5 and 97.5 percentage points, are (from formulas in Knuth) 112 and 154. www.adaic.org /standards/95aarm/html/AA-G-2-5.html   (1321 words)

DMP: Definitions from Discrete Mathematics Apportionment may include division of discrete objects, as in the division of seats of a representative government among districts, or may involve division of continuous objects such as dividing a cake among a group of people. The chromatic number of a graph is the minimum number of colors needed to color the graph. When an event can occur in a finite number of discrete outcomes, the probability of an event is the ratio of the number of ways in which the event can occur to the total number of possibilities, assuming that each of them is equally likely. www.colorado.edu /education/DMP/def.html   (3248 words)

Rational-Number Concepts   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Because the strategies employed by children for discrete quantity tasks are so markedly different from those employed for continuous quantity tasks, it is reasonable to assume that cognitive structures involved in solving rational-number problems referring to a discrete model are different from those involved in solving rational-number problems referring to a continuous model. The subconstruct of rational number as operator imposes on a rational number p/q an algebraic interpretation; p/q is thought of as a function that transforms geometric figures to similar geometric figures p/q times as big, or as a function that transforms a set into another set with p/q times as many elements. We investigated fourth- and fifth-grade children's ability to deal with rational-number situations on a number line for which the number of subunits of each unit was, with respect to the fraction in question, equal to the denominator, one-half the denominator, twice the denominator, or neither a divisor nor multiple of the denominator. education.umn.edu /rationalnumberproject/83_1.html   (11839 words)

Discrete Fourier Transform - Tutorial - Development Library - National Instruments The discrete Fourier transform is a special case of the continuous Fourier transform. In Figure 7.7(c), the data is truncated to capture a finite number of samples on which to operate. The discrete Fourier transform expects the input data to be periodic, and the first sample is expected to follow the last sample. zone.ni.com /devzone/conceptd.nsf/webmain/10CEEB66D480694E86256846005197D2   (581 words)

California Micro Devices - Assembly Cost Analysis Instructions   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) The number of components per hour that are assembled by their pick-and-place equipment. In general, if Fuji or Panasonic P and P units are used the number will be between 5,000 and 20,000 components per hour. The number of operators will vary by the quantity of components that are assembled per hour. www.calmicro.com /applications/assembly_model_instructions.html   (1187 words)

The discrete vortex method The discrete vortex method simulates the motions of discrete vortices but it can also be seen as a method for simulating more general incompressible flows. The discrete vortices can also be spread out to represent a continuous vorticity distribution in the simulation of incompressible and inviscid flow. 3] it was proved that a point vortex method approximation of flow with continuous vorticity converges as the number of numerical vortices grows to infinity. www.pdc.kth.se /~erike/hpc97/node3.html   (144 words)

Welcome to State-Space Equation Calculator   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) we typically consider a number of discrete symbolic characteristics V(t), and a number of situations (in accordance with which) where those characteristics change their values over time. Matrix R has number of columns equal to the number of considered properties and number of rows equal to the number of recognized situations. Matrix G has number of columns equal to the number of situations and number of rows equal to the number of properties. www.maxicom.net /dsds-sse/start.jsp   (635 words)

Can Infants Count? Some Researchers Say Yes It may be that, instead of measuring infants' ability to notice the number of objects they see, studies have been measuring their ability to register a change in the general amount of object they're seeing, say researchers, including Indiana University's Kelly Mix, PhD. The trick for number researchers is to design stimuli so that the only thing different between the habituation stimuli and the test stimuli is the number of objects the babies see. Taking steps to ensure that the only consistent difference between the study's habituation phase and its test phase was number, she varied the duration and speed of the puppet's jumps. www.apa.org /monitor/apr99/count.html   (1405 words)

List of publications and papers available on-line Alon, On the number of subgraphs of prescribed type of graphs with a given number of edges, Israel J. Math. Alon, Transversal numbers of uniform hypergraphs, Graphs and Combinatorics 6 (1990), 1-4. Alon and M. Krivelevich, The concentration of the chromatic number of random graphs, Combinatorica 17 (1997), 303-313. www.math.tau.ac.il /~nogaa/PDFS/publications.html   (6937 words)

Cryptography - Lecture 14 - Number Theory   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) This lesson discusses the importance of random number in cryptography, and then provides a brief introduction to number theory, and concepts related to performing calculations in a galois field modulo a prime. For negative numbers we have to "overshoot" (ie find the next multiple larger than the number) and "come back" (ie add a positive remainder to get the number); rather than have a "negative remainder". Taking the "dumb" approach, have to multiply the number by itself as many times as the exponent specifies, ie the number of multiplies is proportional to the exponent size. www.sci.usq.edu.au /courses/CSC8sec/Lecture1Module4NumberTheory.htm   (2449 words)

Continuity and Infinitesimals Cavalieri nowhere explains precisely what he understands by the word “indivisible”, but it is apparent that he conceived of a surface as composed of a multitude of equispaced parallel lines and of a volume as composed of equispaced parallel planes, these being termed the indivisibles of the surface and the volume respectively. Cantor's analysis of the continuum in terms of infinite point sets led to his theory of transfinite numbers and to the eventual freeing of the concept of set from its geometric origins as a collection of points, so paving the way for the emergence of the concept of general abstract set central to today's mathematics. Indeed the isomorphism between the discrete numerical domain B and the linear continuum was regarded by Cantor essentially as a device for facilitating the manipulation of numbers. plato.stanford.edu /entries/continuity   (16766 words)

Ada 95 Problem Solving and Program Design - Section 7.3 The numbers are produced by some mathematical formula such that the numbers appear to have been chosen randomly, but the sequence can be repeated the next time the program is run. The spider, using an instance of the random number generator for the range 1 to 20, chooses a number of steps to take, say, 10. Generally, we write programs that are designed to halt after a finite numbers of steps, and we think it undesirable if a program logic error causes the program not to halt. www.seas.gwu.edu /~mfeldman/spider/aps7-3.htm   (1163 words)

[starlogo-users] newbie - Data import-output and discrete random number gene As you said, incorporating a pseudo-random number generator in the code is one option. In the other hand it might be a little to "expensive" since I would have to use a loop and this usually uses a lot of resources and interpreter time. Also, several discrete functions relay on factorial calculations and I think that factorial is not available in StarLogo (I could not find it in the math commands list). education.mit.edu /pipermail/starlogo-users/2005-May/000402.html   (667 words)

Continuous versus discrete. Evolution of the real numbers. A historical question has been whether it is possible to express the ratio of things that are not natural numbers, such a two lengths. A chair, a tree, and an atom are examples of a discrete unit. But as a form, it is discrete; half a circle is not also a circle. www.themathpage.com /aReal/continuous.htm   (584 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Make a conclusion about whether there is any evidence from the data sets you examined to support a conclusion that there has been a positive change in student perceptions of Calc I or Calc II when comparing pre-mandatory placement assessment to post-mandatory placement assessment. The discrete variable should take on between 3 and 20 values. Identify the dataset, the discrete variable and the continuous variable. www.math.ttu.edu /~pearce/courses/5364/exercise2.html   (288 words)

AMIDiag - Industry Standard PC Diagnostics A unit of measurement of the discrete number of signal elements that can be transmitted per second by a device. The ID number is assigned based on when the component was installed in relation to other components. The fact that all numbers have a parity is commonly used in data communications to ensure the validity of data. www.amidiag.com /support/glossary.cfm   (11666 words)

Week 7 Lecture Notes -- TC3 MATH200 (Brown)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Examples: discrete (number of heads out of 5 coin flips; number showing when two dice are rolled) or continuous (GPA of randomly selected TC3 student) Number of trials (symbol n): number of times the probability experiment is repeated Symbols: x is number of successes out of n trials. www.acad.sunytccc.edu /instruct/sbrown/stat/ln07.htm   (474 words)

Cutting Edge: Apoptosis of Superantigen-Activated T Cells Occurs Preferentially After a Discrete Number of Cell ... to cells which have undergone a discrete number of cell divisions. was a striking increase in the number of apoptotic cells in B cell differentiation and isotype switching is related to division cycle number. www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/162/11/6312   (2961 words)

[starlogo-users] newbie - Data import-output and discrete random number generation   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) For example; is it possible to randomly generate numbers from binomial or Poisson distributions? For example, to calculate an exact binomial probability one would need a factorial function which apparently does not currently exist in StarLogo. I searched through some of the commands and I could not find further information on these topics. education.mit.edu /pipermail/starlogo-users/2005-May/000401.html   (308 words)

IngentaConnect A discrete wave number transform approach for predicting pressure...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) IngentaConnect A discrete wave number transform approach for predicting pressure... A discrete wave number transform approach for predicting pressure levels due to a line source radiating over two dimensional multi-layered materials You may be required to register and activate access/purchase before you can obtain the full text. api.ingentaconnect.com /content/els/0003682x/1999/00000058/00000002/art00067   (116 words)

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