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Topic: Disenfranchising Act

	mcdaniel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		ACT UP forced Koch to respond to and acknowledge the AIDS epidemic or suffer political defeats.
		ACT UP's relentless pursuit of Joseph eventually forced him to resign from his office.
		ACT UP fought the misrepresentations promoted by the mass media by retaliating with blunt images of the pain associated with AIDS.
	www.haverford.edu /biology/edwards/disease/reviews/mcdanielR.html (1292 words)

	Brennan Center Democracy Program
		Congress's power to enfranchise criminal offenders does not depend on whether all disenfranchisement laws are discriminatorily motivated and is not undermined by the fact that some disenfranchisement laws originally enacted with discriminatory intent have since been reenacted for nondiscriminatory motives.
		The arbitrariness of these laws for federal election purposes is particularly notable, as the differences in state approaches and the severity of some disenfranchisement laws mean that citizens are being denied one of the core privileges of U.S. citizenship, the right to vote in national elections, based simply on their state of residence.
		Disenfranchisement of criminal offenders has been justified on the ground that it prevents election fraud, but disenfranchisement is rarely targeted at persons guilty of election offenses, and there are other ways of protecting elections that are less burdensome on the right to vote.
	www.brennancenter.org /programs/programs_vrep_gmemo.html (3951 words)

	Disenfranchising Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Over US$160,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August.
		The Disenfranchising Act was a British Penal law, passed in 1728, prohibiting all Roman Catholics from voting.
		This page was last modified 20:30, 14 July 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Disenfranchising_Act (64 words)

	Catholic Emancipation biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The first Catholic Relief Act was passed in 1778; subject to an oath against Stuart claims to the throne and the civil jurisdiction of the Pope, it allowed Roman Catholics in Great Britain to own property, inherit land, and join the army.
		He repeated this in 1829, and the resulting commotion led the Duke of Wellington, against his previous judgement, to introduce and carry another major Catholic Relief Act in 1829, removing many of the remaining substantial restrictions on Roman Catholics in the UK.
		In fact many minor issues remained, and a succession of further reforms were introduced over time, leaving the Act of Settlement as one of the few provisions left which still appears to discriminate against Roman Catholics, and then only those who wish to be King, Queen, or Royal Consort.
	catholic-emancipation.biography.ms (400 words)

	Evening Post: September 28, 2004 \| America Coming Together (ACT) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		ACT will not edit the content of blog comments nor will it remove comments merely because of the political viewpoints expressed therein.
		ACT makes no representations regarding the truthfulness of the content in blog comments, which reflect only the opinions of the individual making the comment and not ACT itself.
		ACT is on the ground, spreading the truth and informing voters -- now we need your help to spread the word online.
	actforvictory.org /act.php/blog/archive/evening_post_september_28_2004 (703 words)

	speech
		Criminal disenfranchisement is an outright barrier to voting that, like the poll tax and literacy test, was adopted in some states with racially discriminatory intent and has operated throughout our nation with racially discriminatory results.
		Underwood, in 1985, the Court held that a law disenfranchising certain offenders violated the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause because the law was adopted with racially discriminatory intent and continued to have a disproportionate impact on nonwhite offenders.
		A relevant question regarding criminal disenfranchisement is whether states subject to section 5 preclearance since the Act was passed in 1965 have actually precleared changes to their lists of disqualifying crimes with the U.S. Attorney General or a federal court in the District of Columbia, as required.
	www.njweedman.com /robbed_twice.htm (13384 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab
		The Gurdwara Act of 1925 has to be amended and it can be amended on the recommendation of the SGPC Executive, provided that the amendment mooted is passed by two-third majority.
		The original definition of a Sikh, as per clause 9 of the Act reads, “Sikh means a person, who professes the Sikh religion, or in the case of a deceased person, who professed the Sikh religion or was known to be a Sikh during his lifetime”.
		Reacting on the confession of Punjab police officials in fake encounters, the Human Rights organisations are of the view that the act of returning the medal or gallantry awards by the Punjab Police personnel in protest against their prosecution would be taken to be an act of guilt.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2001/20010814/punjab1.htm (7998 words)

	Oath for a Women--Territory of Utah 1888. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This law and the Morrill Act were upheld in Reynolds v.
		The act made “unlawful cohabitation” a crime, disqualified polygamists and from jury service and disenfranchised them.
		The Beason court also ruled that disenfranchising polygamists and barring them from public service was a legitimate exercise of territorial legislative power.
	www.polygamyinfo.com /oath.htm (394 words)

	Demos - A Network for Ideas & Action - Felon Disenfranchisement
		In "Punishing at the Polls: The Case against Disenfranchising Citizens with Felony Convictions" political scientist Alec Ewald sheds new light on the fundamentally undemocratic nature of felony disenfranchisement laws.
		He concludes that felony disenfranchisement laws are in profound conflict with America's best ideals of fairness and traditions of democracy.
		The brief examines the relationship between criminal justice practices that disproportionately target people of color, and disenfranchisement laws that deprive citizens convicted of felonies of their right to vote.
	www.demos-usa.org /page200.cfm (602 words)

	ACT in Time Magazine \| America Coming Together (ACT) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This week, the cover story of Time Magazine is on the ground game and “The Battle for Every Last Vote.” Looming large in the series of articles is ACT, and the Democrats “Mr.
		Of, ACT, the article continues, Rosenthal “has $125 million at his disposal—including $10 million from billionaire George Soros—which is about seven times what the national Democratic Party spent getting out the vote in 2000.
		There have been many dark predictions of “disenfranchising” of certain groups during the election, so that their vote will not count.
	actforvictory.org /act.php/blog/archive/act_in_time_magazine (975 words)

	Not a Level Playing Field: Zimbabwe's Parliamentary Elections in 2005 : The “New” Electoral System
		The ZEC is not an impartial, independent, or inclusive supervisory body. Moreover, by the time it began to operate, many of its key functions—notably voters’ registration and the compilation of the voters’ roll—had already been exercised by the same discredited partisan electoral bodies that had performed those tasks in the prior elections.
		Under the Electoral Act, the ZEC can require the chairpersons of the commissions in charge of the public service and the uniformed services—the prisons service, the defense services, and the police service—to second their employees to serve under the control and direction of the ZEC as constituency elections officers and polling officers.
		The case is significant because of the numbers effectively disenfranchised by the postal ballot restrictions and because of the Justice Minister’s political rationale for excluding Zimbabweans in exile from using a postal ballot.
	www.hrw.org /backgrounder/africa/zimbabwe0305/4.htm (2750 words)

	barrchp3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Since the middle of the 1800’s, Canadian law has defined who is entitled to be registered as an Indian under the Indian Act and who is thus entitled to the benefits of the Indian Act such as on-reserve schooling, financial assistance with higher education, health services and housing.
		Though not subject to the racist and disenfranchising impacts of the Indian Act, Inuit and Métis women, men and children do not benefit from some of the entitlements that may be legally entrenched in the Act or other federal fiduciary obligations.
		As of June 1995, the amended Act allowed for the restoration of Indian status to 95,429 persons close to 60% (60,000) of whom were women.
	www.equalityrights.org /cera/docs/barrchp3.htm (3387 words)

	Articles - Penal law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		While some of the Penal Laws were much older, they took their most drastic shape during the reign of Charles II, when they became known as the Clarendon Code, after Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, their author.
		In Ireland these laws were also in force, where they had a pronounced effect, disenfranchising the majority of the Irish population who were Roman Catholic or Presbyterian in favour of the much smaller established Church of Ireland.
		According to the "Act to prevent the further growth of popery", the Irish were also deprived of:
	www.1-helmets.com /articles/Penal_laws (372 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Northern Ireland \| Up to 170,000 'cannot vote'
		Another estimated 36,000 people who are on the register will not be able to vote on the day because they do not have proper photographic identity documents.
		It is understood that the Electoral Commission report into the working of the Electoral Fraud Act will be published some time in December and it is expected to show that about 13% of eligible voters did not complete registration forms and will not have votes in the election.
		The Act was introduced to combat alleged electoral malpractice, including personation and the abuse of postal votes.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/northern_ireland/3250507.stm (669 words)

	End the Two-Party Monopoly! by Ron Paul
		Nader off the ballot shows how ballot access laws preserve the two-party monopoly over the political system by effectively disenfranchising supporters of third parties and independent candidates.
		Nader is an extreme case, supporters of the two-party monopoly regularly use ballot access laws to keep third party and independent candidates off ballots.
		The blatant attempt by a major party to keep Ralph Nader off state ballots demonstrates how restrictive ballot access laws are used to preserve a political monopoly, limit voter choices, and deny the rights of millions of Americans who support third parties and independent candidates an opportunity to effectively participate in the political process.
	www.lewrockwell.com /paul/paul194.html (369 words)

	National Register Supplement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Pennsylvania Assembly on today’s Independence Square hotly debated and passed the first Gradual Emancipation Act (1780) in the new nation, a landmark piece of legislation that served as a model for similar laws throughout the North.
		This act gave public awareness of the early stream of refugees crossing into the northern states and escaping to freedom.
		A month before his death, Franklin as his last public act wrote and published On the Slave Trade, a satirical letter that compared American slavery with the practice of the much despised Algerine pirates who were taking Christians on the seas captive and making them slaves.
	www.nps.gov /inde/archeology/NRamend.htm (6768 words)

	The Zimbabwe Independent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Are they prepared to see the Electoral Act become an instrument of the ruling party or will they insist on their right to a free and fair poll?
		There are several major elections taking place in the region this year and next: in Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Malawi, and Namibia.
		Section 158 of the Electoral Act is a 1990 instrument providing the president with sweeping powers to make regulations governing polls.
	www.theindependent.co.zw /news/2004/April/Friday2/2482.html (763 words)

	Articles - Catholic Emancipation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Catholic Emancipation was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century which involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics which had been introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the Penal Laws.
		He repeated this in 1829, and the resulting commotion led the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel, against their previous judgements, to introduce and carry another major Catholic Relief Act in 1829, removing many of the remaining substantial restrictions on Roman Catholics in the UK.
		A succession of further reforms were introduced over time, leaving the Act of Settlement as one of the few provisions left which still appears to discriminate against Roman Catholics, and then only those who wish to be King, Queen, or Royal Consort.
	www.beadscenter.com /articles/Catholic_Emancipation (516 words)

	pretentious blowhard: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Really, this comes down to a balancing act between disenfranchising a small number of individual voters and disenfranchising everybody.
		Their candidate did the statesmen act of conceding when he knew he couldn't win.
		I presume you are talking about the patriot act with this claim.
	www.pretentiousblowhard.org /archives/2004/11/a_judge_in_ohio.php (2789 words)

	Catholic Emancipation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Catholic Emancipation was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century which involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics which had been introduced by the Act of Uniformity and the Test Acts.
		The first Catholic Relief Act was passed in 1778; subject to an oath against House of StuartStuart claims to the throne and the civil jurisdiction of the Pope, it allowed Roman Catholics in Great Britain to own property, inherit land, and join the army.
		However, no further steps were taken at that stage, in part because of the belief of George III of the United KingdomKing George III/ that it could violate his Coronation Oath.
	www.infothis.com /find/Catholic_Emancipation (553 words)

	Margo Kingston's Webdiary - smh.com.au (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It is the lack of capitalism in Germany, the 'reformstau', which is disenfranchising the young and driving their radicalism.
		September 11 was an act carried out by criminals, we should have tracked down the criminals and prosecuted them according to law.
		It is a balancing act and one which is hard to achieve.
	webdiary.smh.com.au /archives/margo_kingston_comment/000985.html (10847 words)

	WOW Museum: Western Women's Suffrage - Utah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Congress passes Edmunds Act, disenfranchising U.S. citizens in plural marriages.
		Congress passes Edmunds-Tucker Act, disenfranchising all Utah women.
		Congress then repeatedly passed anti-polygamy laws to punish the burgeoning western Mormon enclave: the Collum Act in 1870 and the Edmunds Act of 1883, culminating in the 1887 Edmunds-Tucker Bill, disfranchising all Utah women.
	www.autry-museum.org /explore/exhibits/suffrage/suffrage_ut.html (699 words)

	Burnt Orange Report: Comment on Republican Dirty Tricks Revealed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		First off, I'm happy to see that the GOP maps so far this session do not retrogress minority voting rights in the 10th, 24th or 25th congressional districts.
		I do think that there are potential racial retrogression in the splits in Jefferson and McClennan Counties, which could be a problem causing Voting Rights Act challenges.
		Now, thats redistricting for you, and it happens all the time (and I won't go into the unprecidented nature of mid-decade redistricting) except that we have this thing called the Voting Rights Act which prevents minority voices from being packed and dilluted.
	www.burntorangereport.com /mt-comments.cgi?entry_id=503 (576 words)

	t r u t h o u t - The Conyers Report: What Went Wrong in Ohio
		Cumulatively, these irregularities, which affected hundreds of thousand of votes and voters in Ohio, raise grave doubts regarding whether it can be said the Ohio electors selected on December 13, 2004, were chosen in a manner that conforms to Ohio law, let alone federal requirements and constitutional standards.
		Blackwell's decision to restrict provisional ballots resulted in the disenfranchisement of tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of voters, again predominantly minority and Democratic voters.
		Blackwell's decision departed from past Ohio law on provisional ballots, and there is no evidence that a broader construction would have led to any significant disruption at the polling places, and did not do so in other states.
	www.truthout.org /docs_05/010605Y.shtml (1182 words)

	Southern Regional Council - Voting Rights HelpNet - Articles - The Development Of Voting Rights Doctrine In The Supreme ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		But in 1982, Congress amended Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act to eliminate the requirement that plaintiffs prove that a discriminatory purpose lay behind the choice of an election system; discriminatory results were enough.
		Gingles. Gingles held that Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act would be violated if a state did not create majority-fl districts when racially polarized voting prevented a large, geographically compact minority community from electing the candidates of its choice.
		Finally, the Voting Rights Act had produced a substantial number of fl and Hispanic state legislators; these legislators pressed openly during the reapportionment process for the creation of more majority-fl and -Hispanic congressional districts.
	www.southerncouncil.org /helpnet/articles/single.html (4711 words)

	Chapter 2: First-Hand Accounts of Voter Disenfranchisement
		Lambert that its motor voter registration process is “very simple” and “very good.” Despite some voters being disenfranchised by failures in the motor voter process, the division nevertheless maintains that it should not be blamed for the numbers of citizens who were deprived of their right to vote on Election Day.
		In light of the high voter turnout that was expected during the 2000 presidential election, particularly among communities of color that may have a strained relationship with law enforcement, some Floridians questioned the timing of and the motivation for the FHP’s actions.
		No person, whether acting under color of law or otherwise, shall intimidate, threaten, or coerce, or attempt to intimidate, threaten or coerce, any other person for the purpose of interfering with the right of such other person to vote or not to vote as that person may choose.
	www.usccr.gov /pubs/vote2000/report/ch2.htm (7344 words)

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