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# Topic: Disjunction

###### In the News (Fri 26 Apr 19)

 Exclusive disjunction - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Exclusive disjunction (usual symbol xor) is a logical operator that results in true if one of the operands (not both) is true. Exclusive disjunction is the sense of the word or as in the proverb you can have your cake or eat it (but not both). The exclusive disjunction of propositions A and B is usually called A xor B, where "xor" stands for "exclusive or" and is pronounced "eks-or" or "zor". encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /exclusive_disjunction.htm   (606 words)

 Disjunction q is the disjunction of p and q, and is pronounced as ‘pea vel queue’ or ‘pea vee queue’ or ‘pea or queue’. In this case, p and q are the disjuncts of the disjunction. Since the negation of a 0110 disjunction is a 1110 disjunction (either both disjuncts are true or both disjuncts are false), this use of aut cannot be a 0110 disjunctive use. plato.stanford.edu /entries/disjunction   (2977 words)

 Disjunction Disjunction is a binary truth-function, the output of which is a sentence true if at least one of the input sentences (disjuncts) is true, and false otherwise. A disjunction is a kind of compound sentence historically associated by English-speaking logicians and their students with indicative sentences compounded with either... This truth-function is referred to variously as exclusive disjunction, as 0110 disjunction (after the succession of values in its main column), and as logical difference. www.science.uva.nl /~seop/archives/spr2001/entries/disjunction   (2957 words)

 Logical disjunction -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Logical disjunction (usual symbol or) is a (Click link for more info and facts about logical operator) logical operator that results in true if either of the operands is true. In (The branch of philosophy that analyzes inference) logic and (A science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement) mathematics, a disjunction is an "or statement". More generally a disjunction is a logical formula that can have one or more (A mistake in printed matter resulting from mechanical failures of some kind) literals separated only by ORs. www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/lo/logical_disjunction.htm   (517 words)

 Making a Black Pot Red: The Vaisesika Theory of the Pilupaka And by this disjunction (is produced) the destruction of the contact (of the atoms) with their previous locations. The cessation of the disjunction caused by the disjunction and of the motion. Disjunction (of the atoms from their intermediate location in space), caused by the motion. www.columbia.edu /itc/religion/nonduality/classnotes/sep24/pilupaka.html   (1839 words)

 the scam: Disjunction Reunion - Computer Dead Reckoning There's a sense of evolution, of biological growth, in the way the tracks build, with each musical element layered one-by-one on top of each other, and a sense of playfulness and curiosity in the way that those layers are then added or subtracted as the music continues. Disjunction Reunion has managed to find a way to allow the impersonal nature and synthetic otherness of electronic sounds to coexist comfortably with a warm and organic approach overall sound. A good nomenclature for this kind of thing might be "cyborg" music: the organic and the inorganic, the human and the inhuman, the familiar and the alien working together to achieve a mutual goal: the production of engaging and entertaining electronic music. www.renewal.org.au /scam/disjunctionreunion.html   (310 words)

 The School of Disjunction Disjunction is a new school of magic that specializes in destroying things. Due to the ostracism of the school by the entire world, no disjunction spell can ever be available through a different school. However, in case a DM doesn't want to include an entirely new school in his campaign, each spell includes suggestions for alternate schools of magic from which the spell could be available. druidic.net /add/disjunc.shtml   (2526 words)

 26 Disjunction Rephrasing a hypothetical in disjunctive form allows us to conceal the negative polarity of the antitheses involved, so that the statement is made purely in terms of theses. We could assign to the disjunctive form 'Either P or Q' this specific meaning, comprising both incompatibility and exhaustiveness of P and Q. The proposition 'Either nonP or nonQ' is equivalent, note well. However, normally, subjunctions and disjunctions are contrary to each other and not combinable; this applies to formal logic, where the theses and antitheses are all granted the status of logical contingency, as in the theory of opposition. www.thelogician.net /2_future_logic/2_chapter_26.htm   (2298 words)

 The three rows gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a novel protein that is required for chromosome disjunction ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) The three rows gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a novel protein that is required for chromosome disjunction during mitosis.Mitotic defects in thr mutant embryos begin during mitosis 15, and all subsequent divisions are disrupted. Chromosome disjunction and consequently cytokinesis fail during these defective mitoses, although the initial mitotic processes (chromosome condensation, spindle assembly, metaphase plate formation, and cyclin degradation) are not affected. These observations, together with the observation that the zygotic phenotype of thr mutant embryos is influenced by the maternal genotype, suggest that the embryonic phenotype results from exhaustion of the maternal thr contribution and does not reflect a developmentally restricted requirement for thr function. www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/111638.html   (232 words)

 Exclusive disjunction : Xor In logic, exclusive disjunction is a logical operator. The exclusive disjunction of propositions A and B is called A xor B, where "xor" stands for "exclusive or". a vee that is modified in some way, such as being underlined ("∨"); this is used because exclusive disjunction is a modification of ordinary (inclusive) disjunction, which is typically denoted by a vee. www.wordlookup.net /xo/xor.html   (450 words)

 Homologue disjunction in mouse oocytes requires proteolysis of securin and cyclin B1.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Homologue disjunction in mouse oocytes requires proteolysis of securin and cyclin B1.It is not clear which model best fits the mammalian system. Here we show that homologue disjunction in mouse oocytes is dependent on proteolysis of the separase inhibitor securin and the Cdk1 regulatory sub-unit cyclin B1. Disjunction of pairs of homologous chromosomes during the first meiotic division (MI) requires anaphase-promoting complex (APC)-mediated activation of separase in budding yeast and Caenorhabditis elegans, but not Xenopus laevis. www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/10047446.html   (131 words)

 disjunction semantics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Disjunctions are like conjunctions: they are built up out of two smaller parts. So to figure out the truth-and-falsehood behavior of disjunctions, we can just think about when an ‘or’ sentence in English would be true, and when it would be false. The Disjunction Rule says that a disjunction is only false when both the parts are false. www.ux1.eiu.edu /~cfbxb/class/1900/formal/ch2/semantics/or/or.htm   (1671 words)

 Constructive disjunction   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) The reasoning for removing it is quite simple: it is difficult to implement (lots of code at many different places), and frankly it is not worth the effort in most cases. The idea of constructive disjunction to lift information common to disjunctive branches is also typically used in propagation algorithms, so it is clearly an idea important to know about. Disjunctive implementation is actually a well published idea, you will find some pointers in a recent tutorial on finite domain constraint programming systems given by Mats Carlsson and me, you find a link on my homepage (http://www.it.kth.se/~schulte/). www.ps.uni-sb.de /pipermail/mozart-users/2002/003033.html   (294 words)

 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) The need for disjunction of properties arises when a single precondition obligates at least one of several consequents. In my opinion, the need for general (non-deterministic, non-exclusive) property disjunction is less than the need for property conjunction and "if-else" combination of properties. However, this proposal is needed if both the proposals on property conjunction and property negation pass, since they will enable the user to derive property disjunction in the usual way p1 or p2 \equiv not((not p1) and (not p2)) In that case, the current proposal gives the more convenient syntax of the lefthand side. www.eda.org /sv-ac/Extensions/ext-15.txt   (371 words)

 Symbolic Logic: lessons on negation, conjunction, disjunction, conditional, compound, biconditional, equivalence, ... The goal of this unit is to teach concepts in symbolic logic including sentences and statements, logical connectors, conditional and biconditional statements, and equivalence and tautologies. To recognize that the disjunction of two open sentences depends on the replacement value of the variable in each. To construct a truth table for a disjunction to determine its truth values. www.mathgoodies.com /lessons/toc_vol9.html   (469 words)

 Conjunction, Negation, and Disjunction The logical operations of conjunction, negation, and disjunction (alteration) are discussed with respect to their truth-table definitions. Disjunction (or as it is sometimes called, alternation) is a connective which forms compound propositions which are false only if both statements (disjuncts) are false. The connective "or" in English is quite different from disjunction. philosophy.lander.edu /logic/conjunct.html   (875 words)

 Non-disjunction of chromosome 18 -- Bugge et al. 7 (4): 661 -- Human Molecular Genetics It increases with maternal age and has been hypothesized to involve two steps: an unfavourable chiasma distribution at diplotene in fetal life followed by age-dependent deterioration of the mechanism for meiotic disjunction, which is most severe for tetrads with susceptible distributions of chiasmata (4). It leads to normal disjunction and is the rule in the species where it occurs, demonstrating a mechanism for regular disjunction that does not depend on crossing over. For chromosome 18 we have examined the frequency of normal disjunction from nullichiasmate tetrads by reconstruction of the chiasma distribution from crossovers in normal meiosis and compare this with the distribution from transitions in non-disjunction. hmg.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/7/4/661   (6151 words)

 Tutorial- Disjunction   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Instead of asserting that p and q are both true, as in a conjunctive statement, we can assert that either p or q is true. The components p and q are called the disjuncts, and the connective "or" is represented by the wedge sign (v). If only one of them is true (it doesn't matter which one), then the disjunction is true. www.wwnorton.com /college/phil/logic3/ch12/disjunc.htm   (115 words)

 WAM Extensions At that point, the alternative of the disjunction choice point refers to the last alternative branch of the disjunction. We therefore adapt the disjunction choice point to become an or-choice point which is set up to point into a data structure that contains references to each alternative in the or disjunction. produces a new solution and the or-disjunction is entered again, the pack table does no longer contain the second alternative branch and it is never re-entered. www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/project/jair/pub/volume16/blockeel02a-html/node7.html   (647 words)

 Limits on Disjunction in Input   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) The input should be left as declarative'' as possible, and therefore should not contain such constructs. It is possible to use input fds containing disjunctions in two ways: one way is to first normalize'' the input fd and randomly choose one fd compatible with the disjunction-full fd but containing no disjunction at all. The other way to use disjunctions in input is to use the low-level unifier function www.cs.bgu.ac.il /~yaeln/fufman/node178.html   (123 words)

 Disjunction Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Looking For disjunction - Find disjunction and more at Lycos Search. Find disjunction - Your relevant result is a click away! Look for disjunction - Find disjunction at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer! oneonly.com /encyclopedia/Disjunction   (494 words)

 Constructive Disjunction Combinator   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) A constructive disjunction is created by providing a list of constraint variables and a list of clauses (in the same style as before). Again, for more information, see the source :-) This implementation makes use of the fairly recent extension due to Christian which allows a subspace to send a message to a port situated in a superordinated space, provided all the data in the message is rooted in the port's home space or any of its ancestors. Name: duchier-combinators.pkg Type: application/octet-stream Size: 17777 bytes Desc: ozmake package for combinators Url : http://james.ps.uni-sb.de/pipermail/mozart-users/attachments/20011207/888d2a62/duchier-combinators.obj -------------- next part -------------- Cheers, PS: in case you are wondering, the support that used to exists in mozart for constructive disjunction was doing it without using spaces which took some serious C++ footwork :-) -- Dr. www.mozart-oz.org /pipermail/mozart-users/2001/001982.html   (288 words)

 Amazon.ca: Books: Architecture and Disjunction   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Architecture and Disjunction, which brings together Tschumi's essays from 1975 to 1990, is a lucid and provocative analysis of many of the key issues that have engaged architectural discourse over the past two decades -- from deconstructive theory to recent concerns with the notions of event and program. Instead of "form and function", he proposes an architecture based on "space, event and movement", in which the conflit and contradictions between the terms of the equation is its most relevant aspect. "Architecture and disjunction" is a Pandora's Box -- some of the questions it proposes are painful and disturbing (like "what is space?", for instance), but have been overlooked long enough. www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0262700603   (975 words)

 Nek2A kinase stimulates centrosome disjunction and is required for formation of bipolar mitotic spindles -- Faragher ... Nek2A kinase stimulates centrosome disjunction and is required for formation of bipolar mitotic spindles -- Faragher and Fry 14 (7): 2876 -- Molecular Biology of the Cell The schematic model illustrates centrosome disjunction (A) and C-Nap1 displacement (B) as independent events that take place upon onset of mitosis. Disjunction of centrosomes, i.e., loss of cohesion between mother and daughter centrioles, is triggered by activation of Nek2A kinase. www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/7/2876   (7196 words)

 [No title] You are reasonably sure that what you are trying to prove (either as a final or an intermediate step) follows from either side of the disjunction. In order to use Disjunction elimination, you will introduce two subproofs. Each subproof begins with the assumption that one of the sides of the disjunction is true. www.courses.psu.edu /phil/phil012_pam208/0221.doc   (494 words)

 Disjunction introduction   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Disjunction introduction is the principle that, if A is true, then it's true that either A or B is true. Since a disjunction is true if at least one of the terms is true, and we know that one of the terms is true, the second term is irrelevant for determining the truth value of the disjunction. It uses material from the wikipedia article Disjunction introduction. www.eurofreehost.com /di/Disjunction_introduction.html   (154 words)

 Mage’s Disjunction :: d20srd.org If the antimagic field survives the disjunction, no items within it are disjoined. Even artifacts are subject to disjunction, though there is only a 1% chance per caster level of actually affecting such powerful items. Additionally, if an artifact is destroyed, you must make a DC 25 Will save or permanently lose all spellcasting abilities. www.d20srd.org /srd/spells/magesDisjunction.htm   (267 words)

 village voice > film > AKA by Dennis Lim Trendier than ever (or at least easier to actualize, thanks to advances in digital shooting and editing), the split-screen device often retains the tinny flavor of a gimmick. There's no real logic to the multi-channel effect—sometimes one screen offers a reverse angle, sometimes one flashes back or goes in for a close-up, sometimes the temporal alignment is ever so slightly off. Cumulatively, the echo-chamber syntax achieves a kind of atonal harmony, meshing with the themes of reinvention and self-presentation: The disjunction between the panels is tantamount to the gap between image and reality. www.villagevoice.com /issues/0350/lim.php   (316 words)

 indirect test of validity: two examples   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07) Now, looking at the Disjunction Rule, we see that there's only one way that you can have the left half of the Disjunction False, but still have the whole disjunction True. But since this sentence is a disjunction, the Disjunction Rule tells us something new about this third premise: since both parts are False, the whole disjunction must be False. And since "~R" is the left part of this disjunction, we find ourselves in the same familiar situation again: the whole disjunction is True, even though the left part is False. www.ux1.eiu.edu /~cfbxb/class/1900/formal/ch2/indirect/indirect_ex.htm   (2206 words)

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