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Topic: Disordered phase

	Learn more about Phase transition in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The distinguishing characteristic of a phase transition is an abrupt sudden change in one or more physical properties, in particular the heat capacity, with a small change in a thermodynamic variable such as the temperature.
		The Ehrenfest scheme is an inaccurate method of classifying phase transitions, for it is based on the mean field theory of phases (to be described in a later section.) Mean field theory is inaccurate in the vicinity of phase transitions, as it neglects the role of thermodynamic fluctuations.
		Universality is a prediction of the renormalization group theory of phase transitions, which states that the thermodynamic properties of a system near a phase transition depend only on a small number of features, such as dimensionality and symmetry, and is insensitive to the underlying microscopic properties of the system.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/ph/phase_transition.html (1958 words)

	Professor Broholm - Research
		However several examples of quantum phase-transitions between `disordered' and `ordered' phases that occur at T=0 have recently emerged, and deserve attention because of the rich and unexplored properties of quantum disordered phases.
		QUANTUM DISORDERED PHASES IN ONE DIMENSION: The prime example of a T=0 quantum disordered phase is the antiferromagnetic integer spin chain alluded to earlier.
		We have nearly completed a careful characterization of the incommensurate spin fluctuations in the metallic phase which appears to be a classical example of a metal close to a Fermi surface nesting instability.
	www.pha.jhu.edu /~broholm/homepage/research.htm (1097 words)

	Phase Transition
		In the first case, the system changes its state from one phase to the other in a spontaneous way, that is one phase is replaced by another with an obvious interface between phases at a critical point.
		The second case describes a gradual change from one phase to the other such that there is no distinct phase, at a critical point, between liquid and gas.
		Phase transitions occur in many material and describe phases other than the condensation of gases or the freezing of liquids.
	www.cecm.sfu.ca /~thalie/PhD/node56.html (516 words)

	Order-disorder - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In quantum field theory and statistical mechanics, a system can be in two possible phases: an ordered phase and a disordered phase.
		The phase transition between the two is called the order-disorder phase transition.
		Now let's look at QCD in the chiral limit where the masses of the quarks are zero (this is not really true in our universe where the up and down quarks have a tiny, but nonzero mass).
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /order-disorder.htm (621 words)

	Brazilian Journal of Physics - Fourth-Order Cumulants to Characterize the Phase Transitions of a Spin-1 Ising ... *(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)*
		There are many attempts to characterize the order of a phase transition on the basis of the analysis of numerical data obtained from simulations of finite spin systems.
		In the D/J versus T/J space, where T is the absolute temperature, the phase diagram consists of an ordered and a disordered phase separated by a transition line that changes character from first to second-order at a well defined tricritical point.
		In a second order phase transition, the two peaks of the distribution of probabilities p(m) in the ordered phase move towards each other and form a unique peak at m = 0 as the system passes to the disordered phase.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-97331998000100008&tlng=en&lng=en&nrm=iso (1940 words)

	Prof. Andelman Publications -Physics Faculty -TAU
		The calculated mean-field phase diagrams show an upward shift of the transition temperature indicating that the lateral phase separation in the membrane is enhanced due to the coupling effect.
		In the absence of spontaneous curvature the phase diagram is oil-water symmetric.
		Phase diagrams are obtained in two limits: close to the liquid-gas critical point via a Ginzburg-Landau expansion of the free energy (mainly within a mean-field approximation), and at low temperatures by free energy minimization.
	star.tau.ac.il /~andelman/publist_abs.html (15795 words)

	Phase diagram of water and ice
		Within each phase the material is uniform with respect to its chemical composition and physical state.
		All the crystalline phases of ice involve the water molecules being hydrogen bonded to four neighboring water molecules.
		Although primarily ordered or disordered, ordered arrangements of hydrogen bonding may not be perfect and disordered arrangements of hydrogen bonding are not totally random as there are correlated and non-bonded preferential effects.
	www.lsbu.ac.uk /water/phase.html (1112 words)

	Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology - gain media, Gaussian beams, goggles, group velocity, Gouy phase, guided ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The disorder in glasses allows different laser-active ions to occupy sites with different electric or magnetic fields, so that the narrow-bandwidth contributions from different ions are averaged out, resulting in a broad gain spectrum.
		Due to dispersion, the group velocity in a medium is typically smaller than the phase velocity, and it is frequency-dependent; this effect is called group velocity dispersion.
		For higher-order transverse modes, this phase shift is larger, causing the resonance frequencies of higher-order modes in cavities to be somewhat higher.
	www.rp-photonics.com /encyclopedia_g.html (4039 words)

	Synchrotron X-Ray Study of Lung Surfactant-Specific Protein SP-B in Lipid Monolayers -- Lee et al. 81 (1): 572 -- ...
		that the peptide resides in the disordered phase, and that the
		The PA molecules are tilted and spaced at 5 Å, and the peptide average molecular axis is oriented at an angle of 56° relative to surface normal.
		In the absence of the peptide, the monolayer phase of the
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/81/1/572 (6941 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		For an ac current, only narrow regions near the edges are in the disordered phase, while for dc bias, most of the sample is filled by the pinned disorder, preventing vortex motion.
		The transition line was identified in the field-temperature phase diagram and found to lie near the onset of the second magnetization peak.
		For increasing drive, the authors found evidence for several distinct dynamical flow phases characterized by the density of defects in the vortex lattice, the microscopic vortex-flow patterns, and the orientation of the vortex lattice.
	www.iitap.iastate.edu /htcu/wordfile/99dec15.doc (2465 words)

	Nucleation of a Modulated Phase in Ordering Alloys:Labyrinths or Columns? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The free continuum free energy predicts two first order phase transitions; one from a high temperature disordered superlattice to a modulated superlattice and the other from the modulated phase to a low temperature ordered superlattice.
		The modulated phase arises in the model due to competition between the gradient squared and Laplacian squared term which operate in the X-Y plane.
		There is a region, shown here in green, where both the ordered and disordered phases are metastable to the modulated phase and so both must nucleate the metastable phase.
	scv.bu.edu /SCV/vizgal/cuau/Poster (618 words)

	Association of a Fluorescent Amphiphile with Lipid Bilayer Vesicles in Regions of Solid-Liquid-Disordered Phase ...
		phase on the association of a fluorescent amphiphile.
		The fraction of phases present at each temperature was determined from the phase diagram in Fig.
		Phase topology and percolation in two-component lipid bilayers: a Monte Carlo approach.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/80/3/1384 (4863 words)

	Aston University: Neural Computing Research Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Another type of disorder common in nature is that resulting from `dilution'. Although the static behaviour of diluted systems is fairly well understood, far less is known about the dynamics.
		The non-equilibrium dynamical behaviour of disordered lattice models at zero-temperature in 2d is an active area of present research.
		The disordered system is `blocked' in that there is a finite fraction of spins which never flip.
	www.ncrg.aston.ac.uk /People/jains/Welcome.html (333 words)

	Some recent surface physics projects at SISSA
		We find phase diagrams with the following features, which we believe to be quite generic: (i) two flat, ordered phases (unreconstructed and missing-row reconstructed); a rough, disordered phase; and an intermediate disordered flat phase whose physics is shown to be akin to that of a dimer spin state.
		Possible signatures and order parameters of the disordered flat phase are investigated [60].
		The hexatic phase is never observed though, as it is preempted by recrystallization.
	www.sissa.it /cm/sp/projects.html (1406 words)

	Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition - Information
		This is because the expected ordered phase of the system is destroyed by transverse fluctuations, i.e the Goldstone modes (see Goldstone boson) associated with this broken continuous symmetry,which logarithmically diverge with system size.
		The transition from the High temperature disordered phase with the exponential correlation to this low temperature disordered phase with a power law correlation is what is the Kosterlitz thouless transition.
		It is found that the high temperature disordered phase with exponential correlation is a result of the formation of vortices.
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless_transition (622 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In their tree calculations, this notion of robust phase transitions was argued somehow to be more natural.
		In the Ising model on a regular lattice robustness of the phase transition, when it occurs, follows from a result of Lebowitz and Penrose\cite{lebpen}, that for all temperatures weak positive boundary fields in the thermodynamic limit are equivalent to plus boundary conditions, in the sense that both induce the same pure (plus) Gibbs measure.
		The connected components of %the boundary of the sets of ordered and disordered squares %the set of squares which are neither ordered nor disordered form the %Pirogov-Sinai type contours.
	www.ma.utexas.edu /mp_arc/papers/99-417 (3086 words)

	R. V. Pai; A. Punnoose; R. A. Römer : The Mott-Anderson transition in the disordered one-dimensional Hubbard model
		We use the density matrix renormalization group to study the quantum transitions that occur in the half-filled one-dimensional fermionic Hubbard model with onsite potential disorder.
		We find a transition from the gapped Mott phase with algebraic spin correlations to a gapless spin-disordered phase beyond a critical strength of the disorder 1 c ss U= 2.
		We also establish the finite-size corrections to the charge gap and the spin-spin correlation length in the presence of disorder and using a finite-size-scaling analysis we obtain the zero temperature phase diagram of the various quantum phase transitions that occur in the disorder-interaction plane.
	www.mathematik.tu-chemnitz.de /preprint/1997/SFB393_12.html (165 words)

	LEEM_Imaging_Surface_Dynamics
		Coexisting phases on the (111) surface of silicon.
		While the lateral resolution of LEEM is more limited, the advantages of inherently high imaging rate, large field of view, and easily variable sample environment have made LEEM the technique of choice for studying many of the outstanding problems regarding the dynamic properties of surfaces.
		At first sight, this seems to be at odds with the Gibbs phase rule which predicts that only a single phase should exist at a given temperature and pressure, and that there should be sharp transitions between phases.
	www.glue.umd.edu /~phaneuf/LEEM_PhysicsToday.htm (4754 words)

	Abstract for a submitted preprint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In particular, we study the behavior of the tracer and collective diffusion coefficients as a function of temperature when crossing over from the high temperature disordered phase to a low temperature symmetry broken phase.
		This is in contrast to the usual assumption that thermodynamics controls diffusion near phase transitions.
		The behavior of $\Gamma$, in turn, is found to arise predominantly from critical effects in the short-time behavior of the waiting-time distribution of single-particle jumps, $W(t)$, which is an experimentally accessible quantity.
	www.physics.helsinki.fi /~vattulai/long_ow.html (221 words)

	Embedded rotors mix fluids TRN 102203
		According to the researchers' calculations, when enough ATP is present to cause the motors to move at high speeds, the flows produced by the motors interact to form a triangular lattice much like the atomic structure of a crystal.
		At lower concentrations of fuel, the motors enter a disordered phase that causes random motion.
		The disordered phase, for instance, is more effective at defusing, or mixing.
	www.trnmag.com /Stories/2003/102203/Embedded_rotors_mix_fluids_Brief_102203.html (261 words)

	N C N R Quantum Impurities in the 2 D Spin One-Half Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
		A phase transition is the transformation of a system from one state to another, e.g.
		In thermal phase transitions the amplitudes of these fluctuations increase with temperature, and the transition occurs at a “critical’’ temperature T sub C. By contrast, quantum phase transitions occur only at T = 0 K (Refer to reference 1).
		Néel temperature phase diagram of lanthunum sub 2, copper sub 1 minus z, (zinc or manganese) sub z, oxygen sub 4.
	www.ncnr.nist.gov /AnnualReport/FY2002_html/pages/quantum.htm (1067 words)

	Griffiths Singularities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the disordered phase at $T=0$, rare strongly correlated regions give rise to strong Griffiths singularities, as originally found by McCoy for a one-dimensional model.
		Over a range of the disordered phase near the quantum transition, the local non-linear susceptibility diverges.
		The local susceptibility does not diverge in the disordered phase but does diverge at the critical point.
	bartok.ucsc.edu /peter/papers/griffiths_2d.html (146 words)

	Directory of open access journals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We consider the disordering dynamics of an interacting binary alloy with a small admixture of vacancies which mediate atom-atom exchanges.
		Starting from a perfectly phase-segregated state, the system is rapidly heated to a temperature in the disordered phase.
		A suitable disorder parameter, namely, the number of broken bonds, is monitored as a function of time.
	www.doaj.org /abstract?id=35847&toc=y (118 words)

	Probing Lipid Mobility of Raft-exhibiting Model Membranes by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy -- Kahya et al. 278 ...
		A, FCS curves were recorded for the fluid-disordered, DOPC-enriched phase at increasing cholesterol concentration (dash (d) indicates 10 mol%, dash dot (c) indicates 20 mol%, and dash dot dot (b) indicates 33 mol%).
		B, FCS curves were recorded for the fluid-ordered, SM-enriched phase at increasing cholesterol concentration (dash (f) indicates 10 mol%, dash dot (e) indicates 20 mol%, and dash dot dot (d) indicates 33 mol%).
		Values for the DOPC-enriched phase are indicated by open circles, those for the SM-enriched phase and for mixtures that do not give rise to phase separation (within the optical resolution) are indicated by filled squares.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/30/28109 (4606 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A quantitative description of the transition to a quantum disordered phase in a doped antiferromagnet is obtained for the long-wavelength limit of the spin-fermion model, which is given by the O(3) non-linear{sigma} model, a free fermionic part and current-current interactions.
		By choosing local spin quantization axes for the fermionic spinor we show that the low-energy limit of the model is equivalent to a U(1) gauge theory, where both the bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom are minimally coupled to a vector gauge field.
		The explicit doping dependence of the spin-gap is determined as a function of the parameters of the original model.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=107615 (271 words)

	mp_arc 97-68 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We study phase segregation in a model alloy undergoing both ordering and decomposition, using computer simulations of Kawasaki exchange dynamics on a square lattice.
		The two spherically averaged structure functions, related to decomposition and to ordering, were both observed to obey scaling rules in the late coarsening stage where the time increase of the characteristic lengths was consistent with $a(t^{1/3} + b)$.
		The domain morphology was found to depend on the concentration of the minority component, in a way that suggests a wetting of antiphase boundaries in the ordered domains by the disordered phase.
	www.ma.utexas.edu /mp_arc-bin/mpa?yn=97-68 (165 words)

	Instabilities and Memory Effects in Vortex Matter
		The studies have shown that in the presence of a driving current a disordered vortex solid is injected through the rough sample edges.
		The mechanism results in the instability phenomena that arise from the competition between the injection of the metastable disordered phase and its dynamic annealing by the transport current.
		For an ac current, only narrow regions near the edges are disordered, while for dc bias most of the sample is filled by the disordered phase, preventing vortex motion.
	www.weizmann.ac.il /home/fnsup/research-instab.html (278 words)

	Session B5.6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The transformation from the disordered to the ordered phases occurs with a lattice change from cubic to tetragonal.
		The influence of the size effects on the kinetics of phase transformation was investigated using in-situ time-resolved x-ray scattering experiments.
		Finally the difference in vibrational entropy between the ordered and disordered phases was examined.
	www.mrs.org /meetings/fall97/abstract_book/B/node39.html (254 words)

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