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Topic: Dissociative disorder

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	Dissociation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dissociation is a psychological state or condition in which certain thoughts, emotions, sensations, or memories are separated from the rest of the psyche.
		Dissociation most often makes the news with regards to soldiers' responses to wartime stress, rape victims with amnesia for details, and in occasional criminal trials where the question is if a person with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) can be responsible for their actions.
		Dissociation has a storied role in murder trials, or at least in movies about murder, where it is occasionally given as a reason for a not guilty by reason of insanity verdict.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dissociative_disorder (362 words)

	Dissociative Disorders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociation is a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a person's thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity.
		Dissociative Disorders are often referred to as a highly creative survival technique because they allow individuals enduring "hopeless" circumstances to preserve some areas of healthy functioning.
		Dissociative Disorders are highly responsive to individual psychotherapy, or "talk therapy," as well as to a range of other treatment modalities, including medications, hypnotherapy, and adjunctive therapies such as art or movement therapy.
	www.sidran.org /didbr.html (1684 words)

	Dissociative identity disorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		According to standard American textbooks in clinical psychology, Dissociative Identity Disorder is a psychological condition characterized by the use of dissociation as a primary defense mechanism.
		A chronic reliance on dissociation as a means of defending against stressors in the environment causes the individual to experience their psyche/identity as disconnected or split into distinct parts.
		It was a disorder before the child abuse hysteria, and it is still a disorder now that much of the child abuse panic has died down.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dissociative_identity_disorder (3109 words)

	What Are Dissociative Disorders? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociative Amnesia is especially difficult to assess in preadolescent children, because it may be confused with inattention, anxiety, oppositional behavior, Learning Disorders, psychotic disturbances, and developmentally appropriate childhood amnesia (i.e., the decreased recall of autobiographical events that occurred before age 5).
		Dissociative Identity Disorder appears to have a fluctuating clinical course that tends to be chronic and recurrent.
		Individuals with Dissociative Identity Disorder can be distinguished from those with trance and possession trance symptoms that would be diagnosed as Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified by the fact that those with trance and possession trance symptoms typically describe external spirits or entities that have entered their bodies and taken control.
	www.m-a-h.net /library/did-general/mpd-did.htm (5917 words)

	Dissociative Identity Disorder: Amnesia and Related Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition
		Dissociative identity disorder appears to be caused by the interaction of several factors.
		Dissociative identity disorder is chronic and potentially disabling or fatal, although many with the disorder function very well and lead creative and productive lives.
		People with dissociative identity disorder may not be able to recall things they have done or account for changes in their behavior.
	www.merck.com /mmhe/sec07/ch106/ch106d.html (1042 words)

	Dissociative Disorders
		A dissociative disorder is the breakdown of one’s perception of his/her surroundings, memory, identity, or consciousness.
		Dissociative identity disorder was formerly called "multiple personality disorder." When a person intermittently experiences two or more identities, he/she may have a dissociative identity disorder.
		Dissociative amnesia: The length of an event of dissociative amnesia may be as short as a few minutes or as long as several years.
	www.athealth.com /Consumer/disorders/Dissociative.html (876 words)

	Dissociative Disorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously referred to as multiple personality disorder (MPD), is a dissociative disorder involving a disturbance of identity in which two or more separate and distinct personality states (or identities) control the...
		Dissociative disorders such as Dissociative Identity Disorder (multiple personality disorder) usually result from trauma or abuse in early childhood.
		Dissociative Identity Disorder: An Analytical Overview Jacqueline Costello York College of Pennsylvania Abstract Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is not a new phenomena, yet it has remained....
	www.health-nexus.com /dissociative_disorder1.htm (234 words)

	eMedicine - Dissociative Disorders : Article by Idan Sharon, MD
		Dissociative disorders are a group of psychiatric syndromes characterized by disruptions of aspects of consciousness, identity, memory, motor behavior, or environmental awareness.
		Because dissociative disorders are associated with some evidence of biological causality, not every case of trauma results in symptoms that produce the disorder, nor does every person with the disorder have a history of childhood or adult trauma.
		Dissociative fugue is characterized by sudden, unexpected travels from the home or workplace with an inability to recall some or all of one's past.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3484.htm (5716 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 15, Ch. 188, Dissociative Disorders
		Several studies show that previously undiagnosed dissociative identity disorder is present in 3 to 4% of acute psychiatric inpatients and in a sizable minority of patients in psychoactive substance abuse treatment settings.
		North American studies show that 97 to 98% of adults with dissociative identity disorder report abuse during childhood and that abuse can be documented for 85% of adults and for 95% of children and adolescents with dissociative identity disorder and other closely related forms of dissociative disorder.
		Persons with dissociative identity disorder are often told of things they have done but do not remember and of notable changes in their behavior.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section15/chapter188/188d.jsp (1552 words)

	Running head: DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is not a new phenomena, yet it has remained controversial for years.
		Through the use of the Turkish versions of the Dissociative Disorders Interview Scale and the Dissociative Experiences Scale, Sar and colleagues concluded that DID may not be a culturally bound disorder.
		In order for dissociative identity disorder to be taken seriously, there needs to be a set of defining clinical features which will differentiate individuals diagnosed with DID with individuals not diagnosed with DID (Scroppo, Weinberger, Drob, and Eagle, 1998).
	www.ycp.edu /besc/Journal2001/Article_2.htm (2433 words)

	Two-Year Follow-Up Study of Inpatients
		Dissociative identity disorder, which is understood to be a disturbance resulting from severe forms of childhood abuse (1-3, 5, 45), presents with auditory hallucinations (46-49), severe depression and suicidality (50), phobic anxiety, somatization, substance abuse (51), and borderline features (4, 6, 14, 52-58).
		The Dissociative Experiences Scale is a 28-item self-report measure with good validity, and with test-re-test reliability of 0.84 (69); its updated version had a Pearson correlation of 0.95 with the original version among 87 inpatients with dissociative identity disorder (68), indicating good convergent validity.
		Although dissociative identity disorder is a severe dissociative disorder requiring long-term treatment, one can conclude from our findings that patients with this disorder often respond very well to treatment within a reasonable period of time, given their degree of baseline comorbidity.
	www.rossinst.com /2yr_study.htm (4906 words)

	Dissociative Disorder
		Dissociative disorders are usually linked with situations causing overwhelming stress, which may be the result of traumatic life events, accidents, or disasters that are experienced or witnessed or by extreme cases of inner conflict which lead the mind to detach incompatible or undesirable information and emotions (Turkus, 1992).
		According to clinicians, dissociative disorders should even be looked upon as creative and effective survival techniques because they ensure that the person behaves normally and does not experience a breakdown during the highly painful course of events.
		A dissociative amnesia may be the case when an individual can not recall important personal information which is linked with a particularly traumatic event in his or her life.
	www.termpapergenie.com /dissociative.html (1686 words)

	eMedicine - Child Abuse & Neglect: Dissociative Identity Disorder : Article by Muhammad Waseem, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociative identity disorder is increasingly understood as a complex and chronic posttraumatic psychopathology closely related to severe, particularly early, child abuse.
		Various degrees of dissociative disorders exist, ranging from passive disengagement and withdrawal from the active environment to multiple personality disorder (MPD), a severe dissociative disorder characterized by disturbances in both identity and memory and best understood as a posttraumatic, adaptive dissociative response to the fear and pain of overwhelming trauma, most commonly abuse.
		Other, more subtle, signs of dissociation may exist, such as the patient experiencing episodes of amnesia or flout in the absence of substance abuse, referring to himself or herself as we, being told by others of behavior he or she does not recall, or being greeted by people he or she does not know.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2651.htm (4104 words)

	ipedia.com: Dissociative identity disorder Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The diagnosis MPD was changed to Dissociative Identity Disorder in the fourth edition of the DSM in an effort to rid the condition of the exotic, tabloidish ambience with which it had been imbued.
		The International Society for the Study of Dissociation guidelines caution professionals not to respond to the different selves or address them by name, but to approach the client as a single, whole person who experiences herself as a set of splintered parts of a single consciousness, encouraging integration.
		Because such multiples do not experience their condition as disordered or sick in any way, some have proposed that the diagnosis of DID be removed from the DSM entirely, or revised to classify multiples who have difficulty communicating and sharing memories and/or wish to integrate.
	www.ipedia.com /dissociative_identity_disorder.html (3232 words)

	Psychology Today's Diagnosis Dictionary: Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder)
		Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a severe condition in which two or more distinct identities, or personality states, are present in -- and alternately take control of -- an individual.
		DID was called Multiple Personality Disorder until 1994, when the name was changed to reflect a better understanding of the condition -- namely, that it is characterized by a fragmentation, or splintering, of identity rather than by a proliferation, or growth, of separate identities.
		Although there are no medications that specifically treat this disorder, antidepressants, antianxiety drugs or tranquilizers may be prescribed to help control the mental health symptoms associated with it.
	www.psychologytoday.com /conditions/did.html (636 words)

	Dissociation -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The (The Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France) French (A physician who specializes in psychiatry) psychiatrist Pierre Janet (1859-1947) coined the term in his book L'Automatisme psychologique; he emphasized its role as a defensive maneuver in response to psychological (An emotional wound or shock often having long-lasting effects) trauma.
		Clinical dissociation has to an extent fallen from vogue in modern Psychology.
		Dissociation has a storied role in murder trials, often given as a reason for a not guilty by reason of insanity verdict.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/di/dissociation.htm (263 words)

	Dissociative Identity Disorder in AllPsych Journal
		Dissociation is the state in which a person becomes separated from reality.
		Dissociative disorders are not common psychiatric illnesses but are not rare.
		Dissociative disorders are the world, although the structure of the symptoms varies across cultures.
	allpsych.com /journal/did.html (1914 words)

	Dissociative Identity Disorder (MPD) Questions and Misconceptions
		Individuals with Dissociative Identity Disorder can be distinguished from those with trance and possession symptoms by the fact that those with trance and possession symptoms typically describe external spirits or entities that have entered their bodies and taken over.
		This proposed disorder should not be considered in individuals who enter trance or possession states voluntarily and without distress or impairment in the context of cultural and religious practices.
		Dissociation can be as mild as what many people do during an uncomfortable experience (such as a boring class or business meeting): "spacing out," or it can be as dramatic as developing separate personalities to survive a very abusive childhood.
	members.aol.com /MinEncourg/WbPgMPDQuestions.htm (12435 words)

	Dissociative Identity Disorder
		Dissociation is the minds way of breaking the connections between itself and the outside world.
		With the publication of the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - IV) in 1994, the American Psychiatric Association changed the entry for MPD to DID because of the increased understanding of the effects of trauma.
		A person in a dissociative state may have compulsions or ritual behaviors which help them deal with stress.
	www.sasian.org /papers/did.htm (315 words)

	Dissociative Identity Disorder in Dissociative Disorders at ALLPSYCH Online
		The primary characteristic of this disorder is the existence of more than one distinct identity or personality within the same individual.
		Treatment is difficult for a variety of reasons, including secrecy on the client’s part (unlike the misrepresentation in the media), making him or her reluctant to seek help, and the difficulty in diagnosing the disorder once the client presents.
		Because the disorder is longstanding, it can be very difficult to treat.
	allpsych.com /disorders/dissociative/did.html (185 words)

	dissociative identity disorder on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociative experiences and anger proneness in late adolescent females with different attachment styles.
		Social workers' views of the etiology of mental disorders: results of a national study.
		Ages of onset and rates of syndromal and subsyndromal comorbid DSM-IV diagnoses in a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/x/x-dissoc-id.asp (304 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology: Dissociative identity disorder
		The disorder is far more common among females than males (as high as 9-to-1), and the usual age of onset is in early childhood, generally by the age of four.
		In this way, DID is similar to post-traumatic stress disorder, and recent thinking in psychiatry has suggested that the two disorders may be linked; some are even beginning to view DID as a severe subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder.
		Treatment of dissociative identity disorder is a long and difficult process, and success (the complete integration of identity) is rare.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0001/ai_2699000101 (1138 words)

	Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) / Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) / Ego States / Personality Disorders / ...
		Dissociative Amnesia would not be diagnosed if the amnesia did not cause a major disturbance to the person’s life or if it were due to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drugs or alcohol) or a general medical condition, such as Alzheimer’s disease, a head trauma, or epilepsy, for example.
		Dissociative Fugue would not be diagnosed if the symptoms did not cause a major disturbance to the person’s life or if they were due to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drugs or alcohol) or a general medical condition.
		Depersonalization Disorder would not be diagnosed if the symptoms did not cause a major disturbance to the person’s life or if they were due to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drugs or alcohol) or a general medical condition, such as mild aortic valve insufficiency (AI) or minimal coronary artery disease (MCAD), for example.
	www.guidetopsychology.com /mpd.htm (4371 words)

	multiple personality disorder (dissociative identity disorder)
		Multiple personality disorder (MPD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by having at least one "alter" personality that controls behavior.
		Psychologist Nicholas P. Spanos argues that repressed memories of childhood abuse and multiple personality disorder are "rule-governed social constructions established, legitimated, and maintained through social interaction." In short, Spanos argues that most cases of MPD have been created by therapists with the cooperation of their patients and the rest of society.
		Some claim that this proliferation of disorders indicates an attempt of therapists to expand their market; others see the rise in disorders as evidence of better diagnostic tools.
	skepdic.com /mpd.html (2514 words)

	BPhoenix: Dissociative Identity Disorder
		Dissociative Identity Disorder, previously called multiple personality disorder, is a dissociative disorder involving a disturbance of identity in which two or more separate and distinct personality states control the individual's behavior at different times.
		There is usually memory loss for events that occurred while one of the other personalities was in control of the body.
		Individuals with this disorder may have as few as two alters, or as many as 100.
	www.angelfire.com /home/bphoenix1/did.html (486 words)

	Amazon.com: Dissociative Identity Disorder : Diagnosis, Clinical Features, and Treatment of Multiple Personality (Wiley ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dissociation arises from the conflict between the victims' attachment to their abusers and their need for survival.
		The name of the disorder was changed from "multiple personality" to "dissociative identity" to remove the implication that the victim is more than one person in one body.
		Ross states, "The childhood abuse pathway to DID is the one treated most frequently by dissociative disorders therapists," but he targets the iatrogenic cases in the balance of his writing work.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0471132659?v=glance (2482 words)

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