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Topic: Distant Early Warning Line

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	NORAD
		Aerospace warning or integrated tactical warning and attack assessment (ITW/AA) covers the monitoring of man-made objects in space, and the detection, validation, and warning of attack against North America by aircraft, missiles, or space vehicles.
		In the early 1950s they agreed to construct a series of radar stations across North America to face the threat of a Soviet attack over the pole.
		By the early 1970s, the acceptance of MAD led to a cut in the air defense budget and the repositioning of NORAD's mission to ensuring the integrity of air space during peacetime.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/no/NORAD.html (666 words)

	DND/CF : Backgrounder : The Distant Early Warning Line Clean up Project
		From the early 1950s, isolated stations were constructed in Canada, Alaska and Greenland to identify unfriendly aircraft and to direct the fighter planes that would intercept them.
		The Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line of radar sites across the Arctic coastline was established in the late 1950s and consisted of sites along the 66th parallel from northwestern Alaska to eastern Baffin Island.
		In the early 1960s, 21 of these sites were decommissioned and became the responsibility of the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.
	www.forces.gc.ca /site/newsroom/view_news_e.asp?id=205 (835 words)

	Early-Warning Radar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		LAURENT's government accepted the advice in June 1954 and proceeded with this all-Canadian Mid-Canada Line project because technology was available in Canada, the line was cheaper than an arctic chain, and the plan avoided the troublesome issue of American presence on Canadian soil.
		Intercontinental and submarine-launched missiles, against which all 3 early-warning lines were useless, began to replace the manned bomber as the main Soviet threat in the early 1960s and a Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) was constructed in Alaska and Greenland.
		Additional detection capabilities would be provided by radar warning and control aircraft (AWACS), and long-range over-the-horizon radars on the eastern and western perimeters of N America.
	www.canadianencyclopedia.ca /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0002485 (819 words)

	Why a DEWline? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		An early warning plan was conceived, by the United States in the early 1950s and swung into action February 15, 1954, when President Eisenhower signed the bill approving the construction of a continuous radar line above the arctic circle.
		Canada became a member of the construction team because most of the line was based in their country, and they were in need of similar protection.
		Hence the DEWline was born -- Distant Early Warning line.
	www.dewline.org /why_a_dewline.jsp (283 words)

	Distant Early Warning Line - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Distant Early Warning Line - Picture - MSN Encarta
		This radar warning station on the Distant Early Warning Line, located in the Northwest Territories in Canada, scans the northern skies for signs of military attack.
		The Distant Early Warning Line is a group of radar warning stations maintained by both the United States and Canada.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461513234/Distant_Early_Warning_Line.html (55 words)

	DEWLINE HISTORY
		The DEW Line - short for Distant Early Warning Line - is an integrated chain of 63 radar and communication systems stretching 3,000 miles from the northwest coast of Alaska to the eastern shore of Baffin Island opposite Greenland.
		By early 1957, not only had the radicians arrived for hands-on training, personnel in other crafts and the Management Teams were on board learning the operation in preparation for official take over in July 1957.
		The original Line extended from LIZ-A on the northwest corner of Alaska to DYE-M on the east coast of Baffin Island in Canada overlooking the Davis Strait.
	www.lswilson.ca /dewhist-a.htm (7110 words)

	Plymouth Rock
		In the summer of 1955 she transported men and equipment to early warning sites in the far north.
		During 1957 she made numerous trips to the Caribbean, and again resupplied the Arctic Distant Early Warning Line.
		After developing the concept of “vertical envelopment” by helicopter assault in early 1959, she made a Caribbean cruise to Puerto Rico and Cuba.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/p8/plymouth_rock.htm (387 words)

	The Lines on a Map — FactMonster.com
		The DEW (distant early warning) line is a 3,000-mile line of radar stations north of the Arctic Circle.
		A parallel line of latitude that is a quarter of the way from the equator to the North Pole.
		This line of latitude is a quarter of the way from the equator to the South Pole.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0770184.html (503 words)

	Heritage of the Mighty Peace - The Distant Early Warning Line
		There were three lines in the DEW Line system with one above the Arctic Circle, the second called the Mid Canada Line that stretched out across the 55th parallel, and the Pine Tree Line.
		By 1964, the western half of the line was shut down while the eastern stations stopped operating in 1965.
		The activities through the 1950s and the 1960s to build and maintain the DEW Line added to the economic strength of the Peace River country as it was one of the transportation points for supplies and building materials.
	www.abheritage.ca /mighty/ww2/the_distant_early_warning_line.html (452 words)

	The Seattle Times: Travel: Floating the Arctic tundra
		That is, the land-based portion of the highway ends in Inuvik; on the map, a dotted line extends 120 miles past Inuvik.
		The line runs down the middle of the East Channel of the Mackenzie River for 93 miles before swinging east for 27 miles across the Arctic Ocean.
		Later a Distant Early Warning (DEW) line radar post brought another source of income to the town and again linked it to geopolitics rather than to the local region.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/travel/2002642844_tedstundra27.html (2439 words)

	Distant Early Warning
		A line of old radar stations stretches across the Arctic all the way from northern Alaska to Greenland and Iceland.
		On average, the line is about 200 miles / 320 km north of the Arctic Circle and 1,400 miles / 2250 km from the North Pole.
		The sixty-three DEW (Distant Early Warning) Line sites were originally set up in the late 1950s by the United States of America.
	www.athropolis.com /arctic-facts/fact-dewline.htm (298 words)

	Pitt computer network forms a DEW line against epidemics
		Noting that promise, Bush yesterday likened the surveillance system to the DEW line -- the Distant Early Warning line of radar installations erected across northern Canada and Alaska to provide early warning of a missile attack from the Soviet Union.
		Since its genesis in 1999, Pittsburgh's DEW line -- called the Real-time Outbreak and Disease Surveillance System -- has detected little more than spikes in the number of diarrhea cases and flu, said Dr. Michael Wagner, a Pitt professor and director of the surveillance system.
		That sort of warning could be crucial if a bioterrorism attack occurred, researchers say.
	www.post-gazette.com /headlines/20020206bushsidenat3p3.asp (384 words)

	Cold war history, cold war memorial, DEW line norad, arctic radar stations, polar radar defense system, cold war radar ...
		The DEW Line was designed and built during the Cold War as the primary air defence warning line in case of an over-the-pole invasion of the North America.
		To provide early warning of such an attack, the “Distant Early Warning System” (DEW Line) was established across the tundra of northern Greenland, Canada and Alaska.
		The DEW Line consisted of radar stations with “over lapping” radar coverage and the ability to detect aircraft and missiles within their areas of surveillance.
	www.cambridgebayhotel.com /dew-line-station-tours.htm (176 words)

	The American Experience \| Race for the Superbomb \|Lt. General James Edmundson on: Strategic Air Command Bomber Response ...
		In the early days of the Cold War, the only thing we had to worry about was a Russian ground attack through the Fulda Gap [in Germany] into Western Europe.
		We built what was called a DEW-Line, the Distant Early Warning Line, which extended from Scotland, across northern Canada, to-- and Greenland and Iceland -- and as far as Alaska.
		And this was a radar line that would warn when-- if any aircraft were approaching from cross the ice cap on the North Pole.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/bomb/filmmore/reference/interview/edmund05.html (282 words)

	Air/Aerospace Defense Command (ADC)
		In addition, ADC controls the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line, and the Texas Towers - radar stations in the Atlantic Ocean.
		ADC units fly the Lockheed RC-121 Warning Stars which form the aerial seaward extensions of ground radar lines off both ocean coasts of the United States.
		To provide far distant early warning of missile attacks, the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) was begun in 1958, with huge radar stations destined for Alaska, Greenland and England; these radars are capable of detecting missiles in flight, deep in the Soviet Union or in other similarly distant territory.
	www.zianet.com /jpage/airforce/history/majcoms/adc.html (791 words)

	AIR DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES
		The Distant Early Warning Line was a chain of Air Force radar installation stretching across the Artic Circle.
		The DEW Line was the first line of defense for air breathing aircraft destined to attack the United States or Canada.
		The Pine Tree Line was a line of radar installations that ran in Canada from the Pacific Coast to its Atlantic Coast then headed Northward through Nova Scotia ending at Frobisher Bay.
	www.nikemissile.org /air_defense_of_the_united_states.htm (493 words)

	Stratton Air National Guard History Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In peacetime, the function of the aircraft includes evacuation of earthquake and flood victims as well as food and medical airlift or airdrops to troubled areas throughout the world.
		In 1975, the 109th was entrusted with the first and only active mission in the Air National Guard: Supply of the Distant Early Warning (DEW Line) radar sites in Greenland on the polar ice cap.
		Early in 1996, it was announced that the 109th Airlift Wing was assigned the Antarctic mission, thus beginning a three-year transition process.
	www.nyscot.ang.af.mil /history.htm (454 words)

	Historical Timeline of the Northwest Territories
		On the 15 February 1954 United States President Eisenhower signed legislation allowing for the construction of the Distant Early Warning Line (DEW Line), a network of 58 radar and communication sites stretching 5000 kilometres across the top of the North American continent from Alaska to Greenland.
		The DEW Line was a product of the Cold War and was designed to give the American and Canadian military early warning of a Soviet bomber or missile attack ‘over the Pole’.An estimated 25,000 people were involved in the planning and building of the DEW Line.
		These stations were designed to provide early warning in case of a Soviet bomber or missile attack.
	pwnhc.learnnet.nt.ca /timeline/1950/DEWline_1954.html (309 words)

	EC-121 Lockheed Warning Star - Military Aircraft
		The Lockheed Warning Star began development as the US Navy PO-1W, an early model Constellation Airliner modified to carry experimental electronic surveillance equipment.
		After the PO-1W proved the concept of airborne early warning in large NATO exercises, the US Navy and Air Force ordered large numbers of a developed variant based on the Lockheed Model 1049 Super Constellation.
		The Warning Star pioneered the concept of Airborne Early Warning and Control, with units being used for fleet coverage, airborne extension of the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line, support of the Apollo Space Program and other force coordination tasks.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/ac/ec-121.htm (589 words)

	VE3UU's Adventures on the DewLine
		The DEW Line grew out of a detailed study made by a group of the nation's scientists in 1952.
		The subject of their study was the vulnerability of the US and Canada to air attack, and their recommendation was that a Distant Early Warning line be built across our Arctic border as rapidly as possible.
		Newcomers to the Line who stayed in these less-than-posh quarters were easy prey to the old timers who, in exchange for their booze, would spin tales of life in the north.
	www.ve3uu.com /dewline.html (5297 words)

	Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project \| History \| Thule and the DEW Line
		During the war, the Allies had established weather stations in Greenland and Canada, but now the US wanted an air base that could be used to intercept bomber attacks from northeast approaches to America, and as a refueling point for long range bombers potentially directed at the Soviet Union.
		In addition to the Thule Air Base, the 1950s saw the establishment of the Distant Early Warning (DEW) line of 63 radar and communication stations.
		The official DEW line closing ceremony was held in 1993, and the abandoned DEW line facilities are now the focus of a massive cleanup effort by the Canadian government.
	www.whoi.edu /beaufortgyre/history/history_dew.html (747 words)

	Hoefler Consulting Group - Environmental Services
		The objectives of the RI were to verify the presence or absence of exposure pathways, confirm the presence and extent of the contaminants of concern (COCs), and evaluate the risk to human health and the environment.
		The DEW Line station operated between 1954 and the mid-1980s at which point a Minimally Attended Radar was installed, which still operates today.
		The purpose of the 2004 RI was to verify the presence or absence of exposure pathways, confirm the contaminants of concern (COCs) and their extent, and evaluate the risk to human health and the environment.
	www.hoeflernet.com /reports/oliktok/oliktok.html (797 words)

	Donald Hings, Canadian Wireless Pioneer
		Among Hings 23 patents in the field of electronics (internal link) including one for the electronic piano, he also invented the technology used for the DEW Line (Distant Early Warning Line) operated by NORAD (North American Aerospace Defence Command) for over 30 years.
		Don Hings is a modest man, and views the development of mobile communications as a continuous spectrum that did not begin with his inventions.
		Don went to the Pentagon and upon Don's presentation the U.S. had the Canadian military create the Mid Canada Line using the new antenna design which was the precursor to the DEW Line.
	www.privateline.com /Hings/index.html (1611 words)

	Internet Archive: Details: DEW Line Story, The (Part I)
		So that's why they created the Distant Early Warning Line, or DEW line for short in the arctic circle.
		The film chronologizes the building of the project, how they got the equipment up to that remote area (single parachutes don't always work) and how men worked up there during long winters.
		The film sort of works and doesnt, It seems to drag on waaaay too long, but this is such a fascinating subject, I would'nt hesitate for people to take a look at it.
	www.archive.org /details/dew_line_story_1 (157 words)

	early warning - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		early warning - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Search for books about your topic, "early warning"
		Albany Technical College - Early County Satellite Center
	encarta.msn.com /early+warning.html (114 words)

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