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Topic: Doctrine of Fascism

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	Encyclopedia: Doctrine of Fascism
		Fascism is definitely and absolutely opposed to the doctrines of liberalism, both in the political and economic sphere.
		It thus repudiates the doctrine of Pacifism -- born of a renunciation of the struggle and an act of cowardice in the face of sacrifice.
		Fascism is an historical conception in which man is what he is only in so far as he works with the spiritual process in which he finds himself, in the family or social group, in the nation and in the history in which all nations collaborate.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Doctrine-of-Fascism (1072 words)

	Mussolini: The Doctrine of Fascism
		Fascism is an historical conception, in which man is what he is only in so far as he works with the spiritual process in which he finds himself, in the family or social group, in the nation and in the history inwhich all nations collaborate.
		Fascism was not given out to the wet nurse of a doctrine elaborated beforehand round a table: it was born of the need for action; it was not a party, but in its first two years it was a movement against all parties.
		Fascism rejects universal concord, and, since it lives in the community of civilized peoples, it keeps them vigilantly and suspiciously before its eyes, it follows their states of mind and the changes in their interests and its does not let itself be deceived by temporary and fallacious appearances.
	library.flawlesslogic.com /fascism.htm (4848 words)

	Fascism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fascism in Italy arose in the 1920s as a mixture of syndicalist notions with a Hegelian or idealistic theory of the state; the latter had already been linked to an extreme nationalism.
		Fascism is associated by many scholars with one or more of the following characteristics: a very high degree of nationalism, economic corporatism, a powerful, dictatorial leader who portrays the nation, state or collective as superior to the individuals or groups composing it.
		Nazism differed from Fascism proper in the emphasis on the state's purpose in serving its national ideal on the basis of a national race, specifically the social engineering of culture to the ends of the greatest possible prosperity for German race at the expense of all else and all others.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fascism (9096 words)

	Fascism
		Fascism was not the nursling of a doctrine previously drafted at a desk; it was born of the need of action, and was action; it was not a party but, in the first two years, an anti-party and a movement.
		Fascism denies that numbers, as such, can be the determining factor in human society; it denies the right of numbers to govern by means of periodical consultations; it asserts the irremediable and fertile and beneficent inequality of men who cannot be leveled by any such mechanical and extrinsic device as universal suffrage.
		Fascism has restored to the State its sovereign functions by claiming its absolute ethical meaning, against the egotism of classes and categories; to the Government of the state, which was reduced to a mere instrument of electoral assemblies, it has restored dignity, as representing the personality of the state and its power of Empire.
	www.feastofhateandfear.com /archives/benito.html (8363 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Mussolini: What is Fascism, 1932
		The foundation of Fascism is the conception of the State, its character, its duty, and its aim.
		Fascism conceives of the State as an absolute, in comparison with which all individuals or groups are relative, only to be conceived of in their relation to the State.
		For if a doctrine must be a living thing, this is proved by the fact that Fascism has created a living faith; and that this faith is very powerful in the minds of men is demonstrated by those who have suffered and died for it.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/mussolini-fascism.html (744 words)

	Fascism Defined - Source for Political Terminology Analysis and Defintions
		Fascism, in many respects, is an ideology of negativism: anti-liberal, anti-Communist, anti-democratic, anti-egalitarian, etc. As a political and economic system in Italy, it combined elements of corporatism, totalitarianism, nationalism, and anti-communism.
		Both a movement and a historical phenomenon, Italian Fascism was, in many respects, an adverse reaction to both the apparent failure of laissez-faire and fear of the left, although trends in intellectual history, such as the breakdown of positivism and the general fatalism of postwar Europe should be of concern.
		Fascism was, to an extent, a product of a general feeling of anxiety and fear among the middle class of postwar Italy arising because of a convergence of interrelated economic, political, and cultural pressures.
	www.politicsdefined.com /content/fascism.htm (3773 words)

	Readings on Fascism and National Socialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Fascism would therefore not be understood in many of its manifestations (as, for example, in its organisations of the Party, its system of education, its discipline) were it not considered in the light of its general view of life.
		Fascism is an historical conception in which man could not be what he is without being a factor in the spiritual process to which he contributes, either in the family sphere or in the social sphere, in the nation or in history in general to which all nations contribute.
		Fascism, moreover, considered as action, is a typically Italian phenomenon and acquires a universal validity because of the existence of this coherent and organic doctrine.
	www.blackmask.com /thatway/books170c/rfas.htm (18349 words)

	fascism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Fascism attains power through the substitution of one state\'s form of class domination with another form...
		Fascism, modern political ideology that seeks to regenerate the social, economic, and cultural life...
		Fascism, especially in its early stages, is obliged to be antitheoretical and frankly opportunistic in order to appeal...
	www.jointctr.org /?Category=fascism (453 words)

	Sternhell.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In its most restricted sense 'the word fascism applies simply to the political regime in Italy in the period between the two world wars; at the other end of the scale, the 'fascist' epithet is used, and particularly by left wingers of various hue, as the term of abuse par excellence, conclusive and unanswerable.
		Fascism would create a 'new life' of 'camping, sport, dancing, travel and communal hikes' which would sweep away the fusty world of 'aperitifs, smoky rooms, congresses and [bad] digestions.'116 This world would be a virile world, and it is worth remembering in this context what a preference fascist satirists showed for sexual imagery and vocabulary.
		After its accession to power, Italian fascism should certainly be regarded as a regime, and that it formed a regime makes it a special case, but it, too, goes to prove the rule: the generation of fascists of 1935 went into opposition against the regime, dreaming of a fascist utopia, a fascism purged, authenticated, renewed.
	www.coloradocollege.edu /Dept/PS/Finley/PS425/reading/Sternhell.html (15090 words)

	Benito Mussolini, Fascism: Doctrine and Institutions, 1935
		It thus repudiates the doctrine of pacifism—born of a renunciation of the struggle and an act of cowardice in the face of sacrifice.
		Fascism repudiates any universal embrace, and in order to live worthily in the community of civilized peoples watches its contemporaries with vigilant eyes, takes good note of their state of mind and, in the changing trend of their interests, does not allow itself to be deceived by temporary and fallacious appearances.
		Fascism denies, in democracy, the absurd conventional untruth of political equality dressed out in the garb of collective irresponsibility, and the myth of "happiness" and infinite progress.
	www2.bc.edu /~weiler/fascism.htm (7241 words)

	Fascism - SourceWatch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		To this end, fascism calls for a 'spiritual revolution' against signs of moral decay such as individualism and materialism, and seeks to purge 'alien' forces and groups that threaten the organic community.
		Fascism tends to celebrate masculinity, youth, mystical unity, and the regenerative power of violence.
		"Fascism's approach to politics is both populist--in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies--and elitist--in that it treats the people's will as embodied in a select group, or often one supreme leader, from whom authority proceeds downward.
	www.sourcewatch.org /wiki.phtml?title=Fascism (874 words)

	Mussolini: The Doctrine of Fascism
		HERE IS no concept of the State which is not fundamentally a concept of life: philosophy or intuition, a system of ideas which develops logically or is gathered up into a vision or into a faith, but which is always, at least virtually, an organic conception of the world.
		Therefore Fascism is opposed to Socialism, which confines the movement of history within the class struggle and ignores the unity of classes established in one economic and moral reality in the State;.
		Individuals form classes according to the similarity of their interests, they form syndicates according to differentiated economic activities within these interests; but they form first, and above all, the State, which is not to be thought of numerically as the sum-total of individuals forming the majority of a nation.
	www.constitution.org /tyr/mussolini.htm (1527 words)

	Mussolini: The Doctrine of Fascism [Free Republic]
		In other words, the Fascism is then a kind of religion which identifies as its god this spirit of the nation (that view goes back, at least as far as ancient Greeks, the Aristotelian view of state as a higher organism).
		To describe Hitler and National Socialism as one of the forms of Fascism, as Ernst Nolte did, is wrong--as is the imprecise and mistaken leftist practice of applying the adjective "Fascist" to all movements and regimes of the radical right.
		Fascism is still extremely difficult to understand in relation to current ideologies for several reasons.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a38c59770508a.htm (7952 words)

	LUSO: Socialism and Fascism
		Predictably enough, the knee-jerk reaction to this statement was the reassertion of an old historical fallacy: the notion that socialism and fascism are somehow opposed to each other, that they have been historical rivals, that there is nothing but difference between the two -- and that I must have been ignorant of this historical fact.
		It is obvious that there are numerous differences between socialism and fascism, the most obvious of which concerns their view of private property.
		Socialism and fascism are each forms of statism, forms of government in which the government is given complete or extensive control over the lives of its citizens.
	www.lawrence.edu /sorg/objectivism/socfasc.html (2781 words)

	The Public Eye : Website of Political Research Associates
		It is generally attrributed to an article written by Mussolini in the 1932 Enciclopedia Italiana with the assistance of Giovanni Gentile, the editor.
		Where the quote comes from remains a mystery, and while it is possible Mussolini said it someplace at some time, a number of researchers have been unable to find it after months of research.
		The Labour Charter (Promulgated by the Grand Council ofr Fascism on April 21, 1927)—(published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale, April 3, 1927) [sic] (p.
	www.publiceye.org /fascist/corporatism.html (622 words)

	Digital Coven Document
		It thus repudiates the doctrine of Pacifism-born of a renunciation of the struggle and an act of cowardice in the face of sacrifice.
		Socialism, being thus wounded in these two primary tenets of its doctrine, nothing of it is left save the sentimental aspiration-old as humanity-towards a social order in which the sufferings and the pains of the humblest folk could be alleviated.
		If you want to find other interesting articles on fascism, just do a google search on fascism mussolini.
	www.digitalcoven.com /article.php?id=903 (4893 words)

	Biographies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The word fascism derives from the 'fasces', a bundle of rods with an ax in it, which had been a symbol of authority in ancient Rome.
		It was first used in Italy by Benito Mussolini (1919) in order to contrast his political doctrine from the philosophical trends of the 18th and 19th century.
		In place of democracy Fascism substituted the figure of 'Il Duce', or 'Leader' who had to be obeyed unquestioningly.
	www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/people_n2/persons6_n2/fasc.html (574 words)

	Fascism \| The Progressive Blog Alliance HQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		To understand the true nature of fascism, one must understand who the fascist is. Perhaps the best illustration of fascist thinking comes from the very founder of the term.
		Though, be warned, mussolini's doctrine of fascism is a piece of trash that was designed to turn its readers into slaves.
		Like all sound political conceptions, Fascism is action and it is thought; action in which doctrine is immanent, and doctrine arising from a given system of historical forces in which it is inserted, and working on them from within.
	pbahq.smartcampaigns.com /taxonomy/term/69?PHPSESSID=c9c9a90249b12788f5109223a220e667 (2082 words)

	Benito Mussolini
		Italian Fascism in the History of Political Thought (source: Midwest Journal of Political Science)
		Fascism and Modernization: Some Addenda (source: World Politics)
		What Fascism Is Not: Thoughts on the Deflation of a Concept (source: The American Historical Review)
	www.udel.edu /POSCISR/mwh/333/disc10/Musso.htm (173 words)

	BookkooB : Origins and Doctrine of Fascism - Giovanni Gentile : Compare Book Prices
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	www.bookkoob.co.uk /book/0765805774.htm (269 words)

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