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Topic: Dodder

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	Dodder - a plant parasite - Cuscuta Grammica Colorado State University Cooperative Extension Tri River Area
		Dodder parasitizes various kinds of wild and cultivated plants, and is especially destructive to alfalfa, lespedeza, flax, clover and potatoes.
		Dodder is particularly troublesome where alfalfa, clover and onion are grown for seed because dodder seed is difficult to remove from the desired seed crop and can be spread with infested seed.
		Dodder seed can be spread by irrigation water, in the manures of livestock that have eaten infested alfalfa, or along with the seed of crops that were infested with dodder.
	www.colostate.edu /Depts/CoopExt/TRA/dodder.html (789 words)

	DODDER - LoveToKnow Article on DODDER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		On coming in contact with the living stem of some other plant the seedling dodder throws out a sucker, by which it attaches itself and begins to absorb the sap of its foster-parent; it then soon ceases to have any connection with the ground.
		After making a few turns round one stem the dodder finds its way to another, and thus it continues twining and branching till it resembles fine, closely-tangled, wet catgut.
		Trifolii, the Clover Dodder, is perhaps a subspecies of the last mentioned.
	67.1911encyclopedia.org /D/DO/DODDER.htm (338 words)

	WeedAlert.com Weed Listing (Dodder)
		Dodder, an annual plant that consists of thin thread-like stems that are orange in color which attach to a host plant, belongs to the dodder (cuscutaceae) family, which includes many species.
		Dodder produces small clusters of white to pink flowers in the early summer.
		Dodder spreads primarily by seeds which have the capability of surviving in the soil up to sixty years.
	www.weedalert.com /weed_pages/wa_dodder.htm (398 words)

	Oscoda Press: County jail is overflowing
		Dodder took only inmates who were serving sentences -- as opposed to those awaiting trial -- to prevent the need to have to make future trips.
		Dodder said everything that can be done is being done, including trying of offset the costs of having to board prisoners by seizing money in their accounts after they finish their stay.
		Dodder opposed Soucie's plan as unworkable and too expensive and said he is hopeful the committee will see merit in adding on to the existing jail.
	www.oscodapress.com /articles/2003/10/27/news/news02.txt (984 words)

	Dodder Management Guidelines--UC IPM
		Dodder seed may also be transported in infested plant material or be present as a contaminant in crop seed.
		Dodder species have slender twining or threadlike stems that vary in color from pale green to yellow or bright orange.
		Where dodder has been a persistent problem in certain commercial agricultural fields or in landscapes, preemergent herbicides (e.g., trifluralin) can be applied before the dodder seed germinates and, where practical, followed with close mowing, burning, or spot removal of parasitized host plants to control dodder plants that escape the herbicide application.
	www.ipm.ucdavis.edu /PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7496.html (1939 words)

	Cuscuta sp., Dodder, Lovevine, Strangleweed, Hellbind, Vegetable Spaghetti
		Dodder is a parasitic vine with smooth, wiry, twining stems that attach to a host plant with tiny suckers (haustoria) which draw water, minerals and carbohydrates out of the host plant to feed itself.
		Dodder is a member of the Morning-Glory Family (Convolvulaceae) in older references, and a member of the Dodder Family (Cuscutaceae) in the more recent publications and lacks sufficient chlorophyll in its buds, fruits and stems to manufacture food for itself, thus its "sap-sucking" ways.
		Only dodder seedlings have roots, its tangled stems are usually orange, but may be yellowish, whitish, or greenish or even tinged with red or purple.
	www.floridagardener.com /critters/weeds/dodder.htm (488 words)

	Dodder Control in Seed Alfalfa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder is the most troublesome weed in alfalfa seed fields.
		Dodder is recognized by the smooth, twining, yellow-orange stems that may form dense mats in and over the alfalfa if allowed to grow unchecked.
		Once the dodder is attached, there are no methods for selective control without injuring the alfalfa.
	alfalfa.ucdavis.edu /seed/Weed_control/Dodder_control.htm (1800 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder is a weed not commonly found in landscape and garden situations.
		Dodder is easily recognized since it has no leaves and is simply strand-like pale yellow stems that form a mat over the desirable plants if allowed to grow.
		The dodder then breaks contact with the soil and continues to use the host as a means of nutrition and support.
	www.extension.umn.edu /projects/yardandgarden/ygbriefs/h521dodder.html (436 words)

	Dodder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This is Dodder -- a plant that steals all its food from other plants through suckers that penetrate to their sap channels.
		But dodder, no honest vine like its relatives, the morning glories, is an example of what eventually happens to a plant, through the ages, when it becomes a parasite: no roots, no leaves, no green chlorophyll to make its own food.
		If no such victim is found, the young dodder dies within a few days or weeks but, when another plant is touched, the hungry vine coils around it, always in a clockwise direction, and sinks in its rootlike suckers.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /natbltn/300-399/nb350.htm (508 words)

	DODDER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder is a well-known parasitic plant that is sometimes seen in deserts, when its yellow, tangled stems climb over desert shrubs such as creosote bush, mesquite, burrobush, etc.
		Dodder seeds germinate on the surface of a host plant, or in soil, then the young seedling winds round the stem of a host plant and produce a special nutrient-absorbing structure - a haustorium - which taps into the host plant to obtain both sugars and water.
		Dodder on an unidentified fleshy-leaved shrub in the
	helios.bto.ed.ac.uk /bto/desertecology/dodder.htm (242 words)

	Dodder Control in Clover Grown for Seed in Western Oregon
		Dodder control tests were conducted in two red clover fields in spring and summer of 2000.
		Dodder seedlings were found again on May 12 and May 15, and some were attached to small weeds and red clover.
		Dodder was found attached to a young sowthistle plant on June 8 and attached to red clover on June 21.
	cropandsoil.oregonstate.edu /seed-ext/Pub/2000/58.htm (1014 words)

	Dodder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder produces no leaves or green parts, the latter is an indication of a plant that produces food through photosynthesis.
		Not capable of photosynthesis, dodder attaches itself to a host plant with wart-like suckers drawing off nutrients until the host is severely suppressed or killed.
		Do not transport dodder infested plants or other material unless the they are securely packaged to prevent the escape of stems and seeds.
	lee.ifas.ufl.edu /horticulturearchive/dodder.htm (275 words)

	Golden dodder — identification and control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Golden dodder is not readily eaten by livestock but to reduce the spread, contaminated hay and feeds should not be used and grazing infested pastures should be avoided.
		Golden dodder is commonly found along streams and in flooded areas, as water is a common means of spread.
		Several options are available for golden dodder control, depending on the size of the infestation, the crop or pasture infested, and the crop or pasture rotation available.
	www.agric.nsw.gov.au /reader/1903 (2053 words)

	Dodder -- A Weed That Relies on Others (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder or strangle-weed is an annual parasitic plant.
		Pulling the dodder from its host is often futile and usually results in the stripping of the green leaves, branches, and stem tips of the ornamental.
		Dodder seeds are fairly long-lived in the soil, so do not expect elimination of this weed in one year, unless you prevent seed production the first year it infests an area.
	www.ipm.iastate.edu /ipm/hortnews/1992/8-12-1992/dodwha.html (411 words)

	Zen's WNC Nature Notebook - Dodder
		The young dodder is a 2-4 inch long threadlike plant which grows to locate its host, then the tiny root system eventually dies once the plant is firmly attached to the host.
		Dodders lack chlorophyll since they've evolved to gain sustenance from their host plant, but some studies have shown that they may contain some chlorophyll in the buds, fruits and stems.
		In the wild, dodder probably doesn't get out of hand because it doesn't have a decent means of seed transport except in those species that infect the plants which are eaten by deer (and the seed passed on to the next group).
	www.main.nc.us /naturenotebook/plants/dodder.html (1242 words)

	Background on the genus Cuscuta (dodders)
		Despite their almost complete lack of chlorophyll and leaves, dodders are true flowering plants, and are closely related to morning glory.
		Dodder seedlings that fail to find a host die within approximately 10 days, although the exact time depends on how humid the air is (dodder seedlings do not have roots), and probably original seed size.
		Dodder tendrils eventually puncture through host stems with modified roots called haustoria that begin as swellings (prehaustoria) on the concave surface of a coiling tendril (below).
	www.swarthmore.edu /NatSci/cpurrin1/dodder.htm (371 words)

	Western Farm Press: Combinations best dodder control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder is an annual parasitic weed that yearly infests thousands of acres of processing tomatoes, alfalfa, carrots, melons, onions, safflower and sugar beets in California.
		The majority of dodder emerges from February through late May. Since dodder is a rootless plant, it must attach to a suitable host plant within two to three days of emergence or it dies.
		Dodder seed can survive in the soil for many years, so planning for the long-term is the only way of managing dodder effectively.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0DGM/is_6_26/ai_113714222 (854 words)

	Giant Asian Dodder: A New Invasive Plant Detected in Texas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder is usually considered an annual plant, but in Texas, especially in the southern regions, dodder is believed to survive for more than one year.
		Dodder plants are hardy to a temperature of 9oF.
		Dodder is yellow in color and lacks chlorophyll, thus it requires a living host in order to obtain the nutrients needed for survival.
	www.texasurbantrees.org /news/asiandodder_html.php (1099 words)

	American Vegetable Grower: Managing dodder in tomatoes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		DODDER is an annual parasitic weed that infests thousands of acres of processing tomatoes yearly in California.
		Since dodder readily survives on many weed hosts (including nightshade, pigweed, lambsquarters, and field bindweed), it is imperative that these and other weeds be controlled early in the season.
		Dodder seed can survive in the soil for many years, so planning for the longterm is the only way of managing dodder effectively.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3869/is_200302/ai_n9234354 (843 words)

	Cuscuta attenuata, Waterfall's tapertip dodder, vulnerable Oklahoma species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Waterfall's tapertip dodder is known only from four locations in Oklahoma (one each in McCurtain, Beckham, Cleveland, and Comanche counties).
		There are 10 species of dodder in Oklahoma, but Waterfall's tapertip dodder can be distinguished from the others by its short pedicels, tapering calyx lobes, and globular fruits.
		Waterfall’s tapertip dodder is a parasitic, herbaceous annual.
	www.biosurvey.ou.edu /cuscuta_att.htm (394 words)

	Dodder
		Dodder is a nuisance to farmers growing alfalfa and clover.
		Dodder is also known as hellweed and devil's guts, due to its tendency to overrun and strangle the plant on which it feeds.
		Dodder is thought to support liver function and is taken for jaundice.
	www.herbs2000.com /herbs/herbs_dodder.htm (315 words)

	Floridata: Cuscuta spp
		Dodder is a parasitic vine with smooth, wiry, twining stems that attach to a host plant with tiny suckers.
		Dodder is a major economic problem for such crops as alfalfa, clover, and flax.
		Although dodder is not thought of as a poisonous plant, cows and horses have shown colicky symptoms after eating it.
	www.floridata.com /ref/c/cusc_spp.cfm (908 words)

	Weed Wizard: Dodder (Cuscuta spp.): Can I Control It?
		Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) is a parasitic weed that infects a wide range of herbaceous and woody plant material.
		Dodder is a rootless, leafless, parasitic flowering plant.
		Dodder infects a wide range of plants, including plants in the Asteraceae family (chrysanthemums, marigolds and sunflowers), Fabaceae family (alfalfa, clovers, soybeans and vetches), and the Ericaceae family (azaleas and rhododendrons).
	pubs.caes.uga.edu /caespubs/pubcd/C867-6.htm (634 words)

	Plant of the Week 04/19/2004: Dodder (Cuscuta species) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Most dodders are annuals, but a few species can survive winter inside their hosts and regenerate their vines in spring.
		The dodder embryo is coiled inside the seed and protected by a hard seed coat.
		Most dodders are yellow or orange and the only way to determine the species is to examine the tiny flowers under magnification.
	www.killerplants.com /plant-of-the-week/20040419.asp (399 words)

	dodder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Dodder has no leaves, and it only has roots in the very beginning of its life.
		The way Dodder survives is by little bumps on its stem, called "haustoria." Since Dodder wraps so tightly around its host, the haustoria are pressed up agains the host plant's stem.
		Dodder fruits are small (about 1/8 inch wide) and have one to four seeds inside.
	www.fcps.k12.va.us /StratfordLandingES/Ecology/mpages/dodder.htm (545 words)

	Dodder seed
		Dodder seed will build Essence and thus it is considered to be an anti-aging herb.
		Dodder seed is commonly used in tonic formulations designed to benefit Yin and Yang Essence.
		Dodder seed gently but efficiently helps tonify both Yin and Yang, therefore it is a very useful, safe and important herb.
	www.puretango.com /library/dodder.html (390 words)

	Information about Smoothseed Alfalfa Dodder - Cuscuta draba
		Dodder seeds resemble alfalfa seeds, but they can sometimes be distinguished from alfalfa seeds when they cling together in small clusters.
		Economic Importance: Detrimental: Dodder is parasitic and damaging to leguminous crops, especially alfalfa and clover.
		When dodder is confined to small areas, it is recommended to cut it, let it dry, and burn it.
	www.nwcb.wa.gov /weed_info/Written_findings/Cuscuta_approximata.html (621 words)

	Common Dodder (Cuscuta gronovii)
		Dodders are easily recognized by the yellow-orange stems that look like a tangle of thread.
		Dodders are parasitic plants; they attach to a host plant and suck nutrients from it.
		Connecticut has nine species of dodder, which are distinguished by tiny differences in their flower structure.
	www.ct-botanical-society.org /galleries/cuscutagron.html (67 words)

	Invasive Plants of the Eastern United States
		Dodder seeds are commonly intercepted contaminants of commercial seed shipments entering the United States.
		Dodder seed may be spread to nearby areas by animals, water, equipment, and other means.
		If dodder is widespread in a field, it may be controlled by frequent tillage, flaming, and use of herbicides that kill the dodder plant upon its germination from seed, before the dodder becomes attached to its host.
	www.invasive.org /eastern/other/jdodder.html (544 words)

	Dodder seed : by Ray Sahelian, M.D.
		Dodder seed is used in China for kidney deficiency and is one of the commonly used Chinese Herbs.
		Dodder seed has been found in studies to have positive effects on sperm health and motility, and invigorates the reproductive system.
		Flavonoids from Dodder were obtained from the semen of Dodder sinensis through solvent extraction and polyamide columnar chromatography; Effect of Dodder on the reproductive organs was assessed in immature rats.
	www.raysahelian.com /dodder.html (694 words)

	Parasitic Flowering Plants
		Although dodders resemble tangled masses of orange, spaghetti-like strands (or angel-hair pasta) twining over shrubs, they actually produce white flowers that resemble a miniature morning glory blossom.
		Therefore, dodder is an obligate parasite that is completely dependent on its host for water and nutrients.
		The dodder taps in on its host's nutrient supply with a modified root system (haustorium) that penetrates the stem tissue of the host.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /plnov99.htm (3054 words)

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