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Topic: Dolby Stereo

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	Nick's Auditorium : the Rise of the Dolby Empire
		Dolby Stereo was first demonstrated in 1974 during a convention of SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers).
		Although "A Star Is Born" (1976) was the first to feature Dolby Stereo with encoded surround effects, it was the 1977 release of "Star Wars" and its enormous succes that made Dolby Stereo famous, almost overnight.
		Dolby Stereo SR used the same setup as regular Dolby Stereo, so it was completly compatible with existing Dolby equipment.
	users.pandora.be /nicks_auditorium/en/dolby.html (745 words)

	1976 Dolby Laboratories Dolby Stereo Theater Sound
		This single-system approach simplified the presentation, but stereo film releases were rare, as mag-striped prints were fragile and expensive and distributors had to maintain inventories of mono and stereo prints.
		The beauty of the system was compatibility: A 35mm Dolby Stereo film could be played anywhere, whether in a non-Dolby mono drive-in or in a theater upgraded with Dolby cinema decoders and a 4-channel playback system.
		Interestingly, the tens of thousands of Dolby Stereo tracks encoded onto Beta/VHS HiFi video releases laid the groundwork for a revolution in home theater, fueled by the arrival of Dolby Pro Logic — equipped stereo components in the years to come.
	www.mixonline.com /TECnology-Hall-of-Fame/dolby-stereo-theater-090106 (676 words)

	Dolby Sound at the Movies - Optical Soundtracks in the Cinema
		By the late 1980s, however, almost all major titles were being released with wide-range multichannel stereo soundtracks thanks to new technology and a turnaround in the industry.
		Foremost among these was Dolby noise reduction to lower the hissing and popping associated with optical soundtracks, and loudspeaker equalization to adjust the cinema sound system to a standard response curve.
		As with all Dolby soundtrack improvements, Dolby Digital Surround EX is backward-compatible, with prints playable in all Dolby Digital cinemas, whether or not they are equipped to decode the additional surround track.
	www.dolby.com /consumer/motion_picture/dolby_in_pictures3.html (1001 words)

	AP&P OMF Export
		"Dolby Stereo" or "Dolby Surround" is a process whereby a movie is mixed to four discrete channels (Left, Center, Right, Surround) which are combined through an audio matrix to a two channel mix that is then recorded to the optical track on the film.
		Dolby A and Dolby SR Dolby noise reduction is a process whereby the user runs an audio track through an "encoder" that is designed to counter noise commonly encountered in the audio recording process, i.e.; tape hiss, without adversely affecting the overall frequency response or dynamics.
		All of the stereo optical prints–Dolby Stereo (A-type), Dolby SR, DTS Stereo and Ultra Stereo–occupy the same area as standard mono optical prints and are capable of mono-compatible performance.
	www.audiopostpicture.com /dolby.html (332 words)

	Hyvinkään Elokuvateatterit \| Äänitekniikka: Dolby Stereo
		Elokuvateatterikäyttöön myydyissä Dolby Stereo-äänentoistolaitteissa on käytetty jo 70-luvulta lähtien äänentoiston huipputekniikkaa.
		Ensimmäisissä Dolby Stereo-enkoodatuissa ääniraidoissa taustakanavien tarkoitus oli toimia pelkkinä tehostekanavina ja niiden taajuusvaste oli rajoitettu suppeaksi.
		Kotiteatterikäytössä järjestelmästä on käytetty enemmän nimeä Dolby Surround, joka on muutoin sama kuin elokuvateatterikäytössä oleva Dolby Stereo ilman kohinasuodatusjärjestelmää.
	www.hyvleffat.fi /sound_dolbystereo.htm (523 words)

	Dolby Stereo (Site not responding. Last check: )
		However, the first stereo recordings were actually for movie theatres and contained 4 channels of audio for surround sound.
		The 2 extra channels had to be dropped when the first stereo vinyl records were made as this media did not have the storage capacity for all 4 channels.
		Dolby Stereo is the movie theatre sound system using 4 channel audio and incorporating Dolby Laboratories' noise reduction system to increase overall sound quality.
	home.kabelfoon.nl /~evertvl/sound2.html (239 words)

	Welcome to CES Tech page!
		Two channels of Dolby SR are incorporated within the CP65 to take advantage of the higher quality soundtracks on Dolby Stereo SR prints without the cost and complexity of an external adapter.
		Dolby A-type noise reduction is provided in addition for conventional Dolby Stereo playback, so that the CP65 is equipped as standard to play all current 35 mm analog optical formats.
		The CP65 is built to the same standards as the professional Dolby equipment used in recording all Dolby Stereo films, and incorporates the advanced circuitry necessary to complement precisely the techniques used in their preparation.
	www.cinemaequipmentsales.com /dolbycp65bro.html (823 words)

	Dolby Surround Sound
		Dolby A, B, C, S and SR are noise reduction processes that have nothing to do with surround except that Dolby MP uses a modified Dolby-B on the surround signal, and VHS linear stereo uses (additional) normal Dolby-B on both channels.
		Dolby HX-Pro is a variable-bias technique for analog tape recording and has nothing to do with tape playback, much less optical media or surround sound.
		Dolby recommends that the surround speakers be located 5 feet closer to the average listener than the front speakers, and that the "surround" signal be electronically delayed by 20 milliseconds (for a net arrival delay of 15 mSec compared to "front" sound).
	margo.student.utwente.nl /el/audio/dolby1.html (5273 words)

	Dolby Sound
		There are now Dolby equipped studios in 27 countries set up to mix in the Dolby system, although not all of them are equipped to do SR and/or 70mm Dolby mixes.
		Dolby also manages to maintain a wide frequency response, partly by checking that certain standards are met during the mixing and sound neg.
		During the mix, the use of the special Dolby Stereo 4-channel analogue matrix encoder/decoder (DS4E DOLBY STEREO ENCODER/DECODER), under the supervision of the Sound Consultant, is essential for listening to the four-channel mix, in order to simulate the final cinema sound.
	jkor.com /peter/dolby.html (2144 words)

	Lingo (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Dolby Digital is a sound format that allows to have up to six different channels of sound, making for a full surround experience of your movies.
		Dolby Digital uses a compression scheme that is called AC-3 in order to store more information on a disc.
		DTS, like Dolby Digital, is a multichannel surround format that uses compressed information for its 5.1 discrete channels, however it uses much less compression to achieve its goal and as result uses up substantially more space on the disc, while at the same time offering a better representation of the original material.
	www.dvdreview.com /html/lingo.shtml (1710 words)

	HeadWize - Technical Paper: Pro Logic Surround Decoder Principles of Operation by Roger Dressler
		By the latter 1970's, Dolby Stereo was established as a stereophonic reproduction system having from three to as many as six channels of sound to enhance the action and drama of theatrical presentations in ways only approached by two-channel systems.
		The most obvious feature of Dolby Stereo is that an additional channel of sound is reproduced along the sides and back of the theatre to "surround" the audience with sound.
		Dolby Laboratories then devised a simple method to emulate the overall effect of Dolby Stereo in a home environment by recovering these extra surround sound effects.
	www.headwize.com /tech/dolby1_tech.htm (5953 words)

	Digital One - Geeks Only - Dolby
		Dolby Digital has been used to bring you Dolby Digital movies for several years, and now, due to the advent of Dolby Digital laser discs, you are able to enjoy this unique performance in your own home.
		Dolby Laboratories' unique experience with audio noise reduction is essential to Dolby Digital 's effective data rate reduction because the fewer the bits used to describe an audio signal, the greater the noise.
		Dolby noise reduction works by lowering the noise when no audio signal is present, but allowing strong audio signals to cover or "mask" the noise at other times.
	www.digone.com /index.cfm?fuseaction=dolby.load&page=dolby2.html (2194 words)

	Multimedia Software Developer: Ulead Systems - Spotlight - Understanding Dolby® Digital
		Dolby Digital, formerly known as AC-3, is a surround sound technology that is the standard for DVD-Video.
		Dolby Digital 4.0 has discrete audio signals for the center, left, and right channels, plus a mono audio signal that is common for the surround channels.
		Dolby Digital 5.0 is like Dolby Digital 5.1, but lacks a discrete audio signal for the low frequency effects channel.
	www.ulead.com /spotlight/dolby/runme.htm (631 words)

	Dolby
		Continuing the long evolution of Dolby cinema sound, it is the only all-digital cinema processor for the playback of all Dolby soundtrack formats, combining advanced signal-processing technology, highest-quality components, and sophisticated manufacturing processes to provide the best sound and utmost reliability.
		With Dolby Digital Surround EX, a center surround channel is reproduced by the speaker array at the back of the theatre, while left and right surround is reproduced by the side arrays (see illustration).
		Dolby Digital Surround EX playback may be selected manually by the projectionist, or automatically by means of a digital data flag that film producers can incorporate into the soundtracks of Dolby Digital Surround EX releases.
	www.iceco.com /dolby.htm (1364 words)

	Close-Up with Joe Fedele - DOLBY AC-3
		Dolby Surround Digital, also based on AC-3 coding, is the consumer equivalent of Dolby Stereo Digital film sound, forming the final link from multichannel program producer to home listener.
		While Dolby Stereo Digital is heard in cinemas with a full complement of loudspeaker channels, a standardized playback level, and full dynamic range capabilities, home listening circumstances vary markedly.
		Dolby noise reduction works by lowering the noise when no audio signal is present, while allowing strong audio signals to cover or mask the noise at other times.
	www.fedele.com /website/hdtv/dolbyac3.htm (3182 words)

	Dolby Digital
		Dolby Surround Pro Logic is the best way to accurately reproduce the Dolby Stereo theatre experience in your home and will ensure that you hear Dolby Surround soundtracks as the producer intended.
		Dolby Surround Pro Logic provides a single limited bandwidth (100Hz to 7,000Hz) surround channel which is typically played back in the home through two channels of amplification and two speakers.
		Dolby Digital has been used to bringing you Dolby Digital movies for several years, and now, due to the advent of Dolby Digital DVD discs, you are able to enjoy this unique performance in your own home.
	www.dvdaust.com /dolby_page.htm (967 words)

	Dolby Headphones Description
		Dolby Headphone technology is a unique signal-processing system that enables your stereo headphones to portray the sound of a five-speaker, surround-sound playback system.
		Dolby Headphone technology can be incorporated into virtually any type of product—audio, video, PC, or video game—normally featuring a headphone output, and is identified by the Dolby Headphone symbol.
		As the sound from each speaker in a stereo system reaches your inner ears, it acquires a set of spatial cues imparted both by the acoustics of the room and the physical properties of your head and outer ears.
	www.orionstudios.com /D5/Dolby_Headphones_Description.htm (991 words)

	Multichannel Film Sound
		By adding noise reduction to magnetic tracks, Dolby increased the dynamic range of the medium, and was able to enforce a standard flux level for on-film recording, further enhancing their ability to control the quality of magnetic recordings.
		The stereo surround process placed the upper frequencies of the stereo surround channels on the LE, RE channels, and added the bass signal from the mono Surround track to form full bandwidth stereo surround signals.
		Dolby’s format does not employ error correction, and so the format relies on the matrixed stereo optical track as backup when a digital decoding failures occur – which can happen with film wear or even splices.
	www.mkpe.com /publications/digital_cinema/misc/multichannel.php (3976 words)

	GameDev.net - Dolby Surround Sound
		When the Dolby Stereo is mixed, the engineers listen to it running through a Pro-Logic decoder exactly like the one in the theatre or your home.
		The Dolby stereo listeners hear the two-part thunder, and the mono listeners hear just the second bit (or a scaled-down version of the first).
		Dolby is a trademark of Dolby labs, and should not be used on a product without getting their permission.
	www.gamedev.net /reference/articles/article440.asp (1609 words)

	Dolby, the Stereo Bug (Site not responding. Last check: )
		These parts were left overs on a project I had finished the week before; my partner and I were done (with a task that normally doesn't get finished on time, let alone early) and had two weeks of nothing to do.
		There were other creations, but Dolby was the first and favorite; when I gave the others away, he alone was kept.
		Dolby has lots of adventures with his friend Clive, the Sheep.
	pallas.telperion.info /dolby (127 words)

	Cybertracks Records
		Dolby Surround is a method of encoding and decoding four audio channels into a stereo signal (two audio channels) and vice versa.
		Thanks to its compatibility with Stereo, for which it should be considered an extension rather than a replacement, Dolby Surround was and continues to be extremely successful commercially and, judging by the feedback from the US and UK market, it can certainly already be considered an established standard.
		Listeners must have a Dolby Surround decoder or a Hi-Fi amplifier, TV or MIDI system with built-in decoder and must position a loudspeaker mid-way between the normal pair of Stereo cabinets and a couple of rear loudspeakers, which can be small, as the Surround signal has a limited frequency band (100-7000 Hz).
	www.cybertracks.it /en/articoli/articoli/tecnologia/dolbysurround.htm (784 words)

	Dolby Surround Sound
		Dolby Stereo is the name given to the four-channel surround sound developed by Dolby Laboratories and introduced into movie theaters in the 70's.
		At the heart of Dolby Stereo Digital is and encoding scheme called AC-3.
		Dolby Stereo Digital uses a digital data stream running at 320 kilobits per second.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/audio/dolby.html (465 words)

	What is Dolby Digital Surround? — Audioholics Home Theater Reviews and News
		Dolby Digital is an advanced form of digital audio coding that makes it possible to store and transmit high-quality digital sound far more efficiently than was previously possible.
		Dolby Surround-encoded programs can be played back in mono, stereo, or with a Dolby Surround Pro Logic decoder that recovers the four original channels.
		As a result, Dolby Digital and other perceptual coding systems such as DTS have been developed to save space by transmitting only the data that's necessary to portray the original sound, in essence throwing away the rest (which is why these are sometimes known as "lossy" coding systems).
	www.audioholics.com /techtips/specsformats/DolbyDigitalsurroundformat.php (5768 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Surround Sound Works"
		Dolby Surround reproduces the effect of Dolby Stereo in the theater, but it works a little bit differently.
		The real innovation of Dolby Stereo is how so much audio information is squeezed into a small space on the film.
		When Dolby engineers started working on the new format, they figured out they would only be able to fit two optical tracks in the available space.
	electronics.howstuffworks.com /surround-sound4.htm (513 words)

	Dolby Pro Logic explained
		For over a decade Dolby Stereo delighted the world's movie audiences with multidimensional and lifelike sonic dimensions to enhance on-screen activity.
		During playback in the theatre, a Dolby Stereo cinema processor decodes (turns the digital information into an electrical signal) and recovers the four channels exactly recreating the sound images crafted by the filmmakers.
		Dolby Surround technology may be found in amplifiers, receivers, separate decoders, and televisions from around forty manufacturers.
	www.virtualmags.com.au /Sofa/technology/dolby_prologic.htm (617 words)

	Dolby \| News and Events
		Dolby Stereo technology uses phase matrixing to store four channels of audio -- left, right, center, and surround -- on a two-channel format.
		The first film released with a Dolby Stereo soundtrack was A Star is Born in 1976.
		"Dolby Stereo was a phenomenal improvement for cinema sound and remains highly effective today," Ioan Allen said.
	investor.dolby.com /ReleaseDetail.cfm?ReleaseID=175632 (540 words)

	Rotel manufactures home theater, hi fi and multi-room audio systems for audiophiles and videophiles including stereo ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		There are a number of improvements Dolby Digital offers over Dolby Pro Logic, all of which are covered under the "Dolby Pro Logic" section of Terms and Technologies.
		For best home theatre results with Dolby Digital-Surround EX, THX recommends the use of two speakers behind the listening/viewing position as well as the two side mounted dipole speakers.
		In addition to "The Phantom Menace", Dolby Digital-Surround EX may also be experienced with "Toy Story 2", "The Bone Collector", and "End of Days".
	europe.rotel.com /html/dolby-digital.htm (568 words)

	Stereo and Dolby (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For a stereo layout, the two speakers generally each subtend the same angle with the x-axis, that is
		There are two speakers in the standard left and right positions as in stereo, a centre speaker (on the x-axis) and two rear speakers.
		It is not a perfect recovery, and the Dolby Pro-Logic circuit aids in the matter of increasing the separation of the speaker feeds.
	audiolab.uwaterloo.ca /~jeffb/thesis/node14.html (1064 words)

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