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Topic: Domestication

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	Domestication - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Domesticated animals, plants, and other organisms are those whose collective behavior, life cycle, or physiology has been altered as a result of their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations.
		Hybrids can be wild, domesticated, or both: a liger is a hybrid of two wild animals, a mule is a hybrid of two domesticated animals, and a beefalo is a cross between a wild and a domestic animal.
		The first domestic animal was probably the dog, possibly as early as 10000 BC in the Natufian culture of the Levant.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Domestication (2006 words)

	Domestication - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Domestication of technology is also a theory of how new technologies are 'tamed' or appropriated by society.
		Plants were first domesticated around 9000 BCE in the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East.
		The first domestic animal was probably the dog, possibly as early as 10000 BCE in the Natufian culture of the Levant, though there is evidence of and association between humans and wolves going back 150000 years.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /domesticated.htm (2028 words)

	Domestication and commercialization of non-timber forest products in agroforestry systems - Agroforests as an ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Domestication is part of a resource appropriation process, and resource appropriation by a powerful fraction of the population might lead to dispossession of the weaker fraction.
		Domestication and cultivation techniques devised by forestry research for tree species follow the rules of specialization, uniformity and intensification that have proven efficient for grain crops, simplifying the structure and the function of the cultivated `forest' to the extreme.
		The agroforest domestication process allows the maintenance of biological diversity in the qualities of the tree, as it does not focus on the selection of single-purpose varieties: the multipurpose dimension of the wild species is not lost through domestication, as usually happens in the conventional process.
	www.fao.org /docrep/W3735E/w3735e21.htm (7516 words)

	Choosing a Cat Choosing a New Cat
		The African wild cat inhabited most of Asia and North Africa, and because the process of domestication of the cat occurred mainly in the Middle East, the African wild cat was almost certainly the principle ancestor of the modern domestic cat.
		For example, kittens born to a domestic cat that has become feral are distrustful of humans and have to be subjected to basic taming in order to adapt to living in a human home.
		The Domestic Bengal must be an F4 which is four generations removed from the ALC or a greater number of generations removed from the ALC.
	www.isabellevets.co.uk /new_cat/newcat.htm (3948 words)

	Natural History Museum: Cats! Wild to Mild: DOMESTICATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It was larger than our domestic cat, with a coat of reddish brown to gray-brown or sandy yellow and striped and with a ringed tail, much like our tabbies.
		Illustrations of domestic cats appear in the Middle Kingdom, but the name of a female cat is known from an earlier time, and skeletons of cats are known in pre-dynastic cemeteries.
		Domestication caused changes in the cat, particularly in the bone structure.
	www.lam.mus.ca.us /cats/P24/more.htm (918 words)

	Full text of EARLY CANID DOMESTICATION: THE FARM FOX EXPERIMENT, by Lyudmila N. Trut
		In our domesticated foxes of both sexes, cranial height and width tended to be smaller, and snouts tended to be shorter and wider, than those of a control group of farmed foxes.
		Another interesting change is that the cranial morphology of domesticated adult males became somewhat "feminized." In farmed foxes, the crania of males tended to be larger in volume than those of females, and various other proportions differed sharply between the sexes.
		Her research group is developing the problem of domestication as an evolutionary event with the use of experimental models, including the silver fox, the American mink, the river otter and the wild gray rat.
	reactor-core.org /taming-foxes.html (5256 words)

	Independent Domestication of Beans and Cotton
		Domestication origins are often difficult to locate, since most domestications of modern crops took place several thousand years ago, and archaeological evidence is difficult to come by, or difficult to interpret when found.
		In addition, crops have undergone constant change since domestication, thus, an ancient domesticated crop is often difficult to distinguish from its wild progenitor in fossil records until long after domestication, when the crop has attained significant morphological uniqueness.
		Mulitple domestication theory of beans received a boost in 1996 with the discovery of differential presence of the fin gene between accessions from South America and Mesoamerica.
	lamar.colostate.edu /~samcox/Beans.html (1225 words)

	Domestication
		According to www.brainydictionary.com, to domesticate is "to tame or reclaim from a wild state; as, to domesticate wild animals; to domesticate a plant".
		Today, eating the meat often carries a stigma- in some areas because the horse is considered noble, and in others it is considered the poor man's meat (because horses are not generally raised for their meat, and the meat that is used comes from horses who died of other causes, not for their meat).
		Domestic pigs are normally fed diets of corn, grain, root and tuber crops, dairy by-products, commercial feeds, and edible garbage.
	www.lhup.edu /smarvel/Seminar/FALL_2003/Pauling/domestication.htm (3872 words)

	Domestication (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Domesticated animals, plants, and other organisms are those whose collective Ethologybehavior, Biological life cyclelife cycle, or physiology has been altered as a result of their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations.
		The first domestic animal was probably the dog, possibly as early as 10000 BCE in the Natufian culture of the Levant, though there is evidence of an association between humans and wolfwolves going back 150000 years.
		Potatoes originated from a single domestication, not from multiple domestications throughout the hemisphere as researchers previously believed, U.S. Department of Agriculture researchers reported this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
	www.infothis.com /find/Domestication (2228 words)

	Feature Article of Thursday, 14 October 2004
		Domestication had promised Danoff that if he wins the contest to lead the Grand Confusion, he would select Danoff as his running mate.
		Domestication thought he could take it all in stride — “this is how democracy works”, he tried to console himself.
		Domestication is an excellent architect of confusion and I am glad that he has decided to take his confused mind out of the coalition.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=67689 (1018 words)

	Domestication of Maize (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The domestication of maize in Tehuacan, Mexico was a gradual process.
		Domestication can be highly productive but also very unstable because of its low species diversity and it's high level of human attention.
		In level XIII of Coxcatlan Cave, 18 cobs of a type of plant that appeared to be a form of maize were found.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/ancienttech/maize.html (277 words)

	Ladywildlife's Domestication of Animals Page
		Domestication was started by our early ancestors who realized the potential of certain wild animals to perform tasks and provide humans with a reliable source of food and clothing.
		Mainly mammals and birds were domesticated to provide meat, milk, and eggs as well as wool and hides.
		Domesticated dogs and horses helped people to round up herds, enabling them to build permanent settlements that later evolved into towns and cities.
	ladywildlife.com /animal/domesticationofanimals.html (818 words)

	Developmental Biology Online: Evolution and Domestication: Selection on Developmental Genes?
		Price (1984) defined domestication as "a process by which a population of animals becomes adapted to man and the captive environment, by some combination of genetic changes occurring over generations and environmentally induced developmental events recurring during each generation." Domesticated animals differ significantly from animals in the wild.
		Eventually, a "domesticated elite" classification arose—these were the foxes that actually sought to establish human contact, licking the scientists like dogs would.
		The domesticated foxes have a much lower adrenal response to stress, and they have more serotonin in their blood.
	www.devbio.com /article.php?ch=23&id=223 (1346 words)

	The seeds of domestication
		Peanuts were domesticated across the Atlantic Ocean, on Brazil's coast.
		He thinks domestication actually occurred in the Levant -- the western end of the Crescent -- because domesticable wild grains were absent from the rest of the area during the Younger Dryas.
		The archeological evidence for domestication includes remains of cereal grains found near cooking fires, stone sickles used to harvest grains, and pounding stones for removing the inedible chaff from the edible kernel.
	whyfiles.org /122ancient_ag/2.html (632 words)

	The Domestication of the Horse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The third phase of domesticating the horse was the use of the horse to pull a cart.
		Now that we know that the horse was domesticated at different times and places throughout the world, we should look at the variety of horses used in domestication.
		It is not known why all of the horse in America perished, but it is known that the domesticated horse brought in by the Spainards became a central factor in the settlement of the continent.
	asuwlink.uwyo.edu /~kkoch/horse.html (1024 words)

	Domestication and commercialization of non-timber forest products in agroforestry systems - 4. Product domestication ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The group defined domestication of NTFP as a progression from collection and utilization of products, through protection, management and cultivation, and culminating with genetic manipulation.
		The group recommended that efforts be concentrated on domestication of Cinderella tree species, and the two strategies be considered, but with special attention to market conditions for specific products.
		Domestication and commercialization of trees for NTFP products can be for two target groups: resource-poor farmers and commercial entrepreneurs, and these involve different strategies.
	www.fao.org /docrep/W3735e/w3735e35.htm (593 words)

	THE DOMESTICATION OF HUMANITY
		The first is of course, the fact that domesticated animals are subservient to someone or something else.
		The other is that non-domesticated animals can fend for themselves, while domesticated animals need to have several basic needs provided for them (food, water, security, etc.).
		We can see a similar pattern of domestication in various species of insects, which also overrun their habitats.
	www.geocities.com /indynewsonline/Articles/domestication.html (807 words)

	Domestication of Agroforestry Trees in Southeast Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Domestication of agroforestry trees in Vietnam and their utilization in national programs of agroforestry development 46
		Domestication of indigenous and naturalized species for reforestation and agroforestry: issues and experiences in Nusa
		Tree domestication in Leyte and Bohol, Philippines: the farmers’ perspective 133
	www.winrock.org /forestry/factpub/PROCEED/DATSA.htm (365 words)

	Domestication of Humans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In fact, we are the only indigenous life on our planet who tries to domesticate each other, along with other animals.
		This domestication can range from a mild form, which helps us to adapt to close-quarters living in population centers, or the more severe form which uses ghosts, gods, spooks, and spirits as a tool for domestication.
		The earliest domestication of significance is the form developed by walled city-states in Mesopotamia c.6.500 BCE.
	home.earthlink.net /~corkymc/id2.html (1595 words)

	S.C. Code of Laws Title 33 Chapter 9 Domestication Of A Foreign Corporation - www.scstatehouse.net-LPITS
		(5) that the filing of the articles of domestication has been authorized by a majority of the votes cast by all shareholders entitled to vote on the proposal, unless a greater vote is required by the articles of incorporation or other charter documents existing immediately before the filing of the articles of incorporation; and
		Notwithstanding the provision of Section 33-2-103, the existence of the corporation is considered to have commenced on the date the corporation commenced its existence in the jurisdiction in which the corporation was first formed, incorporated, or otherwise came into being.
		(a) A corporation that is domesticated pursuant to this chapter is for all purposes the same entity that existed before the domestication.
	www.scstatehouse.net /code/t33c009.htm (1032 words)

	Breeds of Livestock - Cattle Breeds
		Remains of domesticated cattle dating to 6,500 B.C. have been found in Turkey and other sites in the Near East approach this age also.
		Some authorities date the domestication of cattle as early as 10,000 years ago, and others almost half that amount of time.
		Regardless of the time frame it is generally accepted that the domestication of cattle followed sheep, goats, pigs and dogs.
	www.ansi.okstate.edu /breeds/cattle (195 words)

	Pattern of polymorphism after strong artificial selection in a domestication event -- Innan and Kim 101 (29): 10667 -- ...
		of selection during domestication from patterns of polymorphism.
		in the small founder population, the progenitor of the domesticated
		Artificial selection during domestication is modeled as follows.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/29/10667 (3532 words)

	A Comparison between Crop Domestication, Classical Plant Breeding, and Genetic Engineering -- Gepts 42 (6): 1780 -- ...
		that the inheritance of the domestication syndrome is relatively
		Domestication rate in wild wheats and barley under primitive cultivation.
		Genetic analysis of the domestication syndrome in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L, Poaceae): Inheritance of the major characters.
	crop.scijournals.org /cgi/content/full/42/6/1780 (7537 words)

	History of food & agriculture - 4a. Early animal domestication centers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Wild species in a given place could be domesticated any time as soon as it was worthwile.
		Some areas were more adequate than others to an early domestication.
		The Middle-East (def.) had many domestication centers when Africa had few (J.P.Digard).
	museum.agropolis.fr /english/pages/expos/fresque/carte_domestication.htm (56 words)

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