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Topic: Donegal fiddle tradition

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	Culture - Music - Fiddle
		The fiddle is supposed to have been introduced into Ireland sometime in the 11th century although there are other references to the arrival of the fiddle.
		Traditional music was seriously threatened after World War II as dance bands and other music became more popular but the music continued to be played and enjoyed in the home.
		Donegal fiddlers were also strongly influenced by Scotland as many Donegal people while working in the mines in Ayrshire and living in Scotland were subsequently influenced by Scottish fiddlers and their music.
	www.ulsterscotsagency.com /fiddle.asp (1409 words)

	Fiddle
		Essentially, "fiddle" is used to described a violin when the violin is played in a folk music (i.e., traditional music) or sometimes a jazz style.
		One very slight difference between fiddle and violin occurs in American (e.g., bluegrass and old-time music[?]) fiddling: the violin bridge[?] is shaved down so that it is essentially flat.
		Another series of instruments which contributed to the development of the modern fiddle was the viol da gamba, which was played while held between the legs, and has a fretted fingerboard.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fi/Fiddle.html (310 words)

	ipedia.com: Violin Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Traditional notation of natural harmonics uses two notes on one stem: the lower note employs a round note-head representing where the string is strongly stopped with the first finger, and the upper note uses an open diamond note-head representing where the string is lightly touched with the fourth finger.
		In many traditions of folk music, the tunes are not written but are memorized by successive generations of musicians and passed on in both informal and formal contexts.
		One very slight difference between fiddle and violin occurs in American (e.g., bluegrass and old-time music) fiddling: the bridge is shaved down so that it is less curved.
	www.ipedia.com /violin.html (3671 words)

	Donegal Fiddle Tradition
		Donegal is a remote, partly Irish-speaking county in northwestern Ireland and one of the three counties of the northern Irish province of Ulster that are part of the Republic of Ireland.
		Donegal styles have been influenced to a great extent by southern Irish styles as well as Scottish and Shetland Island styles and repertoire, and by the sounds, ornaments, and repertoire of the Highland bagpipes (the so-called Scottish warpipes).
		Finally, although he is not known as a fiddle player, Dermot [derm'-andt] Byrne, the button accordion player currently with Altan, has a style and repertoire that is firmly within the Donegal instrumental tradition; he is widely regarded as one of the finest button accordion players in Ireland.
	efxstudio.com /studio/MusicArticles/encyclopedic/donegal_fiddle.htm (722 words)

	Folk music
		When rock and roll stars and singer-songwriters began to sing traditional songs and play traditional tunes, this music, and the leading characteristics of the performance genre in which the music was made, were changed.
		Traditional folk music forms also merged with rock and roll to form the hybrid generally known as folk rock which evolved through performers such as The Byrds, Simon and Garfunkel, The Mamas and the Papas, and many others.
		In addition to the direct descendants of traditional folk music, many have identified the street evolution and the overtly political lyrics of rap music as being strongly in the folk tradition.
	usapedia.com /f/folk-music.html (3571 words)

	The Fiddle Music of Donegal
		The older name for Donegal is Tyrconnell ("land of Conall"), commemorating a monarchy founded in the fifth century by Conall Gulban, the son of the famed king Niall of the Nine Hostages.
		The characteristic ornaments of the Southern Irish fiddle style, the long and short roll, are totally absent from the style of most of the older Donegal players, although the younger generation has adopted them to a limited extent.
		Unlike these, the Donegal musicians were generous with their music and the travellers spread a wealth of local tunes to settled musicians elsewhere in the county.
	www.standingstones.com /donegalf.html (3205 words)

	Folk music : Folk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Folk music is a loosely defined genre of music typically characterized by traditional arrangements and vocal styles[?], a tendency to improvise and invite audience participation[?] as well as the absence of commercial motives in its performers.
		These bands were rooted, to a greater or lesser extent, in a living tradition of Irish music, and they benefitted from collection efforts on the part of the likes of Seamus Ennis[?] and Peter Kennedy[?], among others.
		Sometimes, however, the exponents of amplified music were bands such as Fairport Convention, Pentangle[?] and Steeleye Span who saw the electrification of traditional musical forms as a means whereby to reach a far wider audience, and their efforts have been largely recognised for what they were by even some of the most die-hard of purists.
	www.termsdefined.net /fo/folk.html (1795 words)

	Violin Guitar Encyclopedia Guitar Chords Guitar Lessons Guitar Practicing Beginning Guitar Tips for Practice
		Traditional notation of artificial harmonics uses two notes on one stem: the lower note employs a round note-head representing where the string is strongly stopped with the first finger, and the upper note uses an open diamond note-head representing where the string is lightly touched with the fourth finger.
		The traditional approach starts with a set of plans, which include a drawing of the outer shape of the instrument.
		Another series of instruments which contributed to the development of the modern fiddle was the viol, which was played while held between the legs, and has a fretted fingerboard.
	www.guitarlessons.bizhosting.com /Violin.html (4312 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How
		Traditional notation of natural harmonics uses two notes on one stem: the lower note employs a round note-head representing where the string is strongly stopped with the first finger, and the upper note uses an open diamond note-head representing where the string is lightly touched with the fourth finger.
		One very slight difference between fiddle and violin occurs in American (e.g., bluegrass and old-time music) fiddling: the bridge is shaved down so that it is less curved.
		English folk fiddle players include Dave Swarbrick and Ric Sanders, both of whom have been members of Fairport Convention, and the "darling" of the new generation of English folk musicians Eliza Carthy.
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /Fiddle (3659 words)

	Fiddler Magazine
		Rooted in the Donegal style of playing from an early age, Tommy's music evolved as he was exposed to different influences.
		Donegal style is associated with Johnny Doherty in particular, and I'd say there were a lot of different styles even within the county.
		The dancers were accompanied by a traditional pinpeat orchestra, which consisted of two roneat (bamboo xylophones), drums, a ghong (small tuned gongs), a srlay (an oboe-like woodwind), and a two-string fiddle called the tro.
	www.fiddle.com /issues/sum01.html (6093 words)

	Traditional Irish Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Finally, it was Petrie's daughter who entrusted the much-honored Sir Charles Stanford with three bound volumes of her father's work, leading to the ultimate compilation, published in 1905, of 1,582 traditional melodies--the musical wealth of a nation.
		Donegal fiddle tradition - The Donegal fiddle tradition is a kind of Irish traditional music, based on a tradition, or set of coexisting traditions, at least 200 years old, of playing the fiddle in County Donegal, Ireland.
		Donegal is a remote, partly Irish-speaking county in northwestern Ireland and one of the three counties of the northern Irish province of Ulster that are part of the Republic of Ireland.
	www.glasshousetransmission.com /traditionalirishmusic.html (722 words)

	irish fiddle, irish fiddlers and irish fiddle styles
		Traditional music and dance have maintained a central part in the culture of ordinary Irish people in a way that can only be envied by the English, and the Irish fiddle has a central part in that tradition.
		Irish fiddle tunes are learned, practiced and passed on at sessions which take place regularly in pubs the length and breadth of Ireland and in any of the far-flung corners of the world where Irish emigrants and a regular supply of Guinness coincide.
		The style of Donegal, in the wild north west corner of Ireland is fast and aggressive, with an emphasis on short powerful bow strokes and frequent bowed triplets.
	www.fiddlingaround.co.uk /ireland/irishfiddling.html (1419 words)

	IMN Artist - Altan
		Loch Altan is situated in north-western Donegal on the border of the parishes of Dobhair and Cloughaneely.
		The fiddles are fleshed out by the accordian playing of Dermot Byrne and the dynamic rhythmic accompaniment of Ciar·n Curran on bouzouki and independently, D·ithÌ Sproule and Mark Kelly on guitars.
		MairÈad's fiddling, her still, pure voice and her serene presence are at the very heart of Altan's expanding appeal.
	www.hibernians.com /i2000/bands/Altan.htm (1074 words)

	Best Photos Ireland.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		For many years Dunfanaghy was the commercial centre of West and North West Donegal, under the patronage of the local landlords, the Stewarts, whose seat was at Ards, a few miles south along the western shores of Sheephaven Bay.
		Located in beautiful Co. Donegal, the road that leads through the Pass is between the towns of Glencolumbkille on the southwest coast of Donegal and heads east/northeast to Ardara.
		is a district in the Donegal Gaeltacht to the south of Bloody Foreland in the extreme north-west of Ireland.
	www.bestphotosireland.com /display.php?county=Donegal&sub_county=Dungloe&pageNo=1 (964 words)

	Living Tradition CD review of John Doherty - The Floating Bow
		The fiddle is the only instrument heard on this album, and it's a borrowed fiddle at that, but there isn't a dull moment in all 53 minutes.
		John's mastery of the Donegal style is complete: single bowing, double stopping, ringing strings, octave harmonies and bowed triplets are all here in abundance, as well as the rolls and slides borrowed from related traditions.
		His repertoire and style have influenced several generations of Donegal musicians, and are to be heard in the playing of groups from The Chieftains to Altan.
	www.folkmusic.net /htmfiles/webrevs/ccf31cd.htm (609 words)

	Fiddler Magazine - Summer 2006
		We were all mad keen on Donegal fiddle music when it had no attraction, nobody wanted to hear it, and outside of Donegal nobody wanted to play it.
		There were a lot of giants around still, but even in Donegal, a lot of people of our generation were going to folk music, or rock music, or something else was interesting them and it wasn't traditional fiddle playing.
		He began learning the fiddle from his father at a very early age and by the time he was living in Belfast his father had arranged for him to take lessons from Bill Ellis, an Englishman living in the city.
	www.fiddle.com /issues/sum06.html (7569 words)

	Violin - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The traditional approach starts with a set of plans, which include a drawing of the outer shape of the instrument.
		Twin fiddling is represented in some North American and Scandinavian styles, but it is said that two traditional Irish fiddlers in the same room makes about as much sense as having two storytellers going at the same time.
		Fiddle playing is characterized by a huge variety of ethnic or regional traditions, each of which has its own distinctive sound, including, but not limited to:
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Violin (6093 words)

	Altan
		Blessed with a magnificently expressive voice, Donegal's Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh is widely recognized as one of the finest singers in Ireland, while her fiddling bears the stamp of her home county's celebrated style, forceful and fiery.
		Her father, Proinsias Ó Maonaigh, is a leading figure in preserving and promoting- Donegal fiddle music, which Mairéad and the rest of Altan have helped popularize around the world.
		Many of the strathspeys from the Scottish tradition are played as slightly faster highlands in the Donegal tradition, which also features mazurkas and Germans (barndances performed at roughly the tempo of hornpipes).
	www.catalystclub.com /bios/altan_bio.html (1427 words)

	Review Of The Brass Fiddle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The title (and cover photo) refers to fiddles made from metals in times when fine wooden instruments were scarce or expensive.
		Donegal fiddlers represent some of the diversity that gives the musical tradition its life- settings of common tunes vary considerably here, a window into the days before written transcriptions and recordings were widespread.
		This is a must-have recording for lovers of the fiddle, and a valuable addition for fans of Altan (the Con Cassidy who plays on this recording is one of their major influences).
	www.celticmusic.com /magazine/11_15/brass_fiddle.html (302 words)

	VIOLIN FACTS AND INFORMATION
		A colloquial name for the violin is the fiddle, and a violin is typically called a fiddle when used to play traditional music (see below).
		In many traditions of folk music, the tunes are not written but are memorized by successive generations of musicians and passed on in both informal and formal contexts.
		One very slight difference between "fiddles" and ordinary violins may be seen in American (e.g., bluegrass and old-time music) fiddling: in these styles, the top of the bridge may be cut so that it is very slightly less curved.
	www.dontpayyourtaxes.com /violin (5017 words)

	Fiddle-L Anthology 1999: Performer Bio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		And in the Living Tradition, this 'Ameri-Celtic' sound is as valid, I believe, as any other tradition....as long as we document, record, and continue to nurture the purest form of the originating tradition(s).
		Its gender is somewhat ambiguous, though it seems more like a 'she' than a 'he!' She is a very serious fiddle, with the most mature sound I've ever heard (with the exception of a Strad I played once in High School).
		Other fiddles may be louder, or quicker, or whatever...but her sound is....wise, I guess.
	www.fiddle.net /fiddle-l-anthology/Traxler.html (2047 words)

	MadForTrad - Sé Mo Laoch Launch Report
		Irish traditional music fans had a unique opportunity to experience the playing of some of the finest Irish musicians of the older generation on last Sunday night.
		The recurring theme of the night was the importance of passing the tradition down from generation to generation.
		Fiddle and flute player Peadar O Loughlin was joined by Dublin piper Ronan Browne with whom he recorded an album called the South West Wind in 1993.
	www.madfortrad.com /news022.htm (753 words)

	Fiddle Music of Donegal Volume 3
		To me the one exception is the fiddle music of Donegal where, in spite of the obvious differences between, say Neil Boyle and Tommy Peoples, there is a common strand which sets the playing apart from that found in other parts of Ireland.
		There may well be historic reasons for this Donegal is after all a part of Ulster and there is ample evidence that local men frequently found seasonal work on the land in the Eastern parts of Ulster or the Scottish Lowlands until well into the twentieth century.
		In Donegal this was based upon the Great Pipes, which were similar to the Scottish Highland pipes rather than the Uilleann pipes that were the norm in the rest of Ireland.
	www.mustrad.org.uk /reviews/fmd3.htm (1341 words)

	Masters of Tradition Concerts
		Although Emer Mayock also plays the fiddle, whistle, cello and the uilleann pipes, her love of the flute has brought it centre stage at her concerts and on her recordings.
		He heard all the great Donegal fiddlers from his infancy and with this start, he was a renowned accordion player before he reached his teens.
		His technique is excellent and his understanding of traditional music and accompaniment is attested to by the number of traditional groups and albums he has contributed to.
	www.westcorkmusic.ie /Trad2003/masters_of_tradition_concerts.htm (893 words)

	MAR CAITTEAR AN t-AIRGEAD
		Songs of Uladh Caoimhin Mac Aoidh (1994) states it is clearly in pipe style and believes this dates the Donegal fiddle tradition of imitating pipe music to the mid-1800's, at least.
		According to Christeson's source, fiddler Bob Walters, family tradition had it that this tune was used in the Civil War.
		It rapidly entered both the martial band tradition and fiddling tradition‑‑at least north of the Mason‑Dixon line.
	www.ibiblio.org /fiddlers/MARA_MARO.htm (2951 words)

	Irish Music History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Traditional Irish music has been influenced by a number of factors due to the process of oral transmission.
		The traditional music of Ireland is two-fold: instrumental music, which is mostly dance music, and the vocal music, which is mostly unaccompanied Gaelic singing, called Sean-nós.
		Traditional Irish music will continue to evolve, as new traditional tunes are being written all the time; however, the root of its origins: the dance structured forms, the oral tradition, the unusual rhythmic accents and the distinctive ornamentation will continue to make Irish music Irish.
	www.irwinthomasfiddle.com /irish_music.htm (581 words)

	Edge: LARRY SANGER
		In his spare time, he plays and teaches Irish traditional music on the fiddle in Columbus and Dayton, Ohio.
		Sanger was the founder and executive editor of "Sanger's Review of Y2K News Reports," a resource for Y2K watchers, and also manages a site about the Donegal fiddle tradition.
		In December 2005, Digital Universe Foundation (dufoundation.org) announced that Sanger had been hired as Director of Distributed Content Programs, where he is helping to lead the Digital Universe Encyclopedia effort.
	www.edge.org /3rd_culture/bios/sanger.html (380 words)

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