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Topic: Dorsiflexion

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	MVS 330 Project Title (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		For the dorsiflexion sprint drill, the maximum displacement was 10 centimeters in the vertical direction and 30 centimeters in the horizontal direction.
		The linear velocities of the hip were similar between the dorsiflexion sprint drill and the traditional sprint drill.
		The maximum forward velocity of the hip was greater in the dorsiflexion sprint drill (72 cm/s) than in the traditional sprint drill (60 cm/s) whereas the maximum upward velocities of the hip were the same (96 cm/s) for both drills.
	www.umich.edu /~mvs330/w99/flex/results3.html (331 words)

	Development of an Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Dorsiflexion Assist, Part 2: Structure and Evaluation - Journal of ...
		The dorsiflexion assist moment and the initial ankle angle of the DACS AFO were adjusted for each patient by observing the gait before the gait measurement.
		As an example of gait data, the ankle joint angle (Figure 5a), the knee joint angle (Figure 5b) and the rotation angle of the foot in the horizontal plane (Figure 5c) of the paretic side of a hemiplegic patient (No. 3 in Table 2) are shown.
		The dorsiflexion of the ankle joint during the stance phase was restricted when the patient wore the posterior AFO, but it was improved when she wore other AFOs, as shown in Figure 5a.
	www.oandp.org /JPO/library/1999_02_024.asp (1817 words)

	MVS 330 Project Title
		The maximum thigh angle was similar in the dorsiflexion sprint drill (5 deg) and the traditional sprint drill (3 deg).
		The maximum flexion angle was similar in the dorsiflexion sprint drill (186 deg) and the traditional sprint drill (187 deg).
		The maximum extension angle in the dorsiflexion sprint drill (173 deg) was similar to the traditional sprint drill (174 deg).
	www.umich.edu /~mvs330/w99/flex/results2.html (563 words)

	Compensatory Midfoot Dorsiflexion in the Individual with Heelcord Tightness: Implications for Orthotic Device Designs - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Thus talocrural dorsiflexion is accompanied by slight lateral movement of the foot, while slight medial movement of the foot occurs with plantarflexion.20 Table 1 summarizes the normal sagittal plane PROM available at this joint.
		Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion is commonly measured with the knee flexed and extended to fully assess all components of the triceps surae complex.
		Dorsiflexion stretching splints, however, do not always differentiate between dorsiflexion at the talocrural versus the midtarsal joint because the primary stretching force is often applied at the distal end of the foot.
	members.oandp.org.cob-web.org:8888 /jpo/library/2002_02_082.asp (6453 words)

	Mechanical Outcomes of a Rolling-Joint Prosthetic Foot and Its Performance in the Dorsiflexion Phase of transtibial ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		During dorsiflexion in normal walking and running, a period of almost free mobility in the ankle joint is followed by a period of almost total fixation.
		With regard to dorsiflexion, analysis indicates that in all ESF on the market, the elastic elements are compressed in convex patterns (see Figure 2a), which are opposite from the concave patterns seen in biological ankles.
		When the maximum angle of dorsiflexion exceeds a normal range of 13-15 degrees, such as FlexFoot (with 19+/-3.3 degrees) in Reference 15, the force of gravity projects anteriorly to the metatarsal joint projection, and the moment of the force of gravity acts in the same direction as the bending torque from the residuum.
	www.oandp.org.cob-web.org:8888 /jpo/74/74114.asp (4437 words)

	Orthopaedic Journal
		In measurement of the hindfoot, the lateral talocalcaneal angle is decreased with varus or equinus deformities and is increased with valgus or calcaneus deformities.
		On the lateral standing radiograph, the tibiocalcaneal angle is the intersection between the anatomic axis of the tibia and plantar surface of the calcaneus.
		This angle characteristically increases with plantar flexion and decreases with dorsiflexion of the ankle.
	www.uphs.upenn.edu /ortho/oj/1997/oj10sp97p30.html (5384 words)

	WEAVER et al. Reliability of the equinometer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Zero degrees of dorsiflexion or "neutral" was defined as the ankle position where the line defined by the footplate and the line defined by the bony landmarks above, subtended a 90-degree angle.
		During each of the trials the foot was slowly brought to full dorsiflexion by the examiner applying a dorsally directed force (i.e., perpendicular to the foot) through the force transducer, to the plantar surface of the subject's foot.
		The authors report that the difference in maximum dorsiflexion was less than three degrees in 83 percent of the subjects and less than four degrees in 92.4 percent of the subjects (14).
	www.vard.org /jour/01/38/5/weave385.htm (2600 words)

	The Effect on Ankle Dorsiflexion of Gastrocnemius Recession
		Ankle dorsiflexion was assessed using a validated electrogoniometer.
		Ankle dorsiflexion was recorded with the knee straight and with the knee bent.
		Average preoperative ankle dorsiflexion with the knee bent was 22.8¡.
	www.datatrace.com /medical/faiintlweb/2301_03.htm (195 words)

	Precise naming aids dorsiflexion stiffness diagnosis
		If one were to design an experimental study to determine the dorsiflexion stiffness of the first ray, the loading force acting on the first ray may be reported either as a dorsiflexion force (in Newtons) acting on the first metatarsal head, or as a dorsiflexion moment (in Nm).
		In addition, the dorsiflexion motion of the first metatarsal may be reported either as a linear quantity of dorsiflexion motion of the metatarsal head (in millimeters) or as a quantity of angular motion about a proximal joint (in degrees).
		As the dorsiflexion angles of the MTC joints were increased, the joint stiffness increased dramatically, showing a more than 10-fold increase in stiffness when comparing the first degree of dorsiflexion (i.e., from 0 degrees to 1 degrees) to the 10th degree of dorsiflexion (i.e., from 9 degrees to 10 degrees).
	www.biomech.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=165700382 (2196 words)

	twisturn
		The Ankle Joint: The ankle, or talocular, joint is considered to be a modified hinge joint, allowing dorsiflexion and plantarflexion in the sagittal plane; however, the nature of the ankle also allows for some movement to occur across the frontal and transverse planes as well.
		During walking and running the ankle is in a position of slight dorsiflexion (or neutral) at initial contact.
		The movement into dorsiflexion during midstance is controlled eccentrically by the posterior calf group, and the concentric contraction of these same muscles begins while the ankle is still in maximum dorsiflexion.
	www.momentummedia.com /articles/tc/tc0606/twisturn.htm (2164 words)

	Mechanical Properties of Modern Off-Road Motorcycle Riding Boots
		A dorsiflexion plate was constructed such that the moment applied to create the dorsiflexion force to the toebox via the outsole could be reliably measured.
		Ankle dorsiflexion stiffness (fig 3a,b): In an effort to assess the flexibility and protection against extreme applied dorsiflexion loads, each boot was placed in a jig and a dorsiflexion moment was applied to the plantar outsole of the fore part of the boot at the metatarsal head level.
		A commonly observed phenomenon was instability of the break area during dorsiflexion manifested by a "kinking" of the plastic about the shoe break which then dramatically reduced the resistance to dorsiflexion (fig 8).
	www.teamorthopedics.com /boots.html (2371 words)

	Non restrictive dorsiflexion feedback apparatus for golfers - Patent 5823886
		The wrist break feedback apparatus of the current invention includes a frame with a first member, that generally aligns with the back of the hand, and a second member, that is pivotally connected to the first member.
		Dorsiflexion is the flexion observed when the palm of the hand is being held straight out palm down and the back of the hand is moved upwards.
		By further example, without limitation, said device may be used by a football player to ensure that the hands remain in a generally dorsiflexioned position when that is desirable.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5823886.html (2930 words)

	Dynamic Dorsiflexion Assist Polypropylene Ankle Foot Orthosis \| JACPOC Library, 1991 \| ACPOC - Association of ...
		The double bar metal AFO with dorsiflexion assist (Klenzac) is a very functional design and can be used for a variety of ankle foot problems.
		With the need for dynamic dorsiflexion assist and some simple limited motion features, that could be easily adjusted by the therapist and orthotist, a polypropylene AFO satisfying these criteria was designed (Fig.
		On the posterior aspect of the upper section, a cylinder is incorporated containing a spring which acts on a polypropylene piston-rod entering on the foot section.
	www.acpoc.org /library/1991_02_065.asp (1174 words)

	Swodeam Consulting - Technique Peek
		The talus presents a convex surface to the cruris for the degree of freedom therefore its arthrokinematic is opposite its osteokinematic.
		For dorsiflexion it glides posteriorly and for plantaflexion anteriorly, Its stability is dependent on its collateral ligaments and the integrity of the inferior tibiofibular joint, which in turn relies on anterior, posterior and interosseus ligaments.
		The passive physiological motion of dorsiflexion is limited by 5-10 degrees by an abrupt hard (but not bony) end feel.
	swodeam.com /mto/mtopeek1.html (701 words)

	DIGIOVANNI et al. Presence of equinus contracture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Measurements of ankle dorsiflexion in this study were taken with the knee in full extension, which reflects the combined contributions of the gastrocnemius and soleus; and in 90° of flexion, which relaxes the gastrocnemius.
		If EC is defined as <=5° of maximal ankle dorsiflexion with the knee in full extension, then in the group with symptoms, 21 patients were correctly diagnosed and seven incorrectly diagnosed as tight, while five were correctly diagnosed and one was incorrectly diagnosed as not tight.
		A customized device (equinometer) was used to measure the dorsiflexion range of motion under standardized torque conditions and to determine the presence or absence of contracture based upon limitations of either 5° or 10° of dorsiflexion.
	www.vard.org /jour/01/38/3/digio383.htm (3302 words)

	Orthotics — A Novel Posterior Strut AFO with Controllable Dorsiflexion Resistance \| American Academy of Orthotists ...
		This is because as the dorsiflexion angle increases, the moment arm of the body's mass about the ankle joint increases.
		In this application, the resistance of the strut into dorsiflexion from mid-stance to toe-offis used as a dynamic ground reaction force to stabilize the knee.
		As previously stated, the resistance to dorsiflexion must increase as the dorsiflexion angle increases so that the patient does not experience "knee collapse" prior to toe-off.
	www.oandp.org /publications/jop/2005/2005-30.asp (1010 words)

	Cartilage Preservation: Can It Maintain Post-Op Dorsiflexion?
		As part of the study, we took a post-op dorsiflexion measurement of the first MPJ with the foot 90 degrees to the leg in neutral position.
		One of these patients had 64 degrees of dorsiflexion in the foot that underwent the procedure and 38 degrees of dorsiflexion in the foot that did not undergo the procedure.
		This study illustrated that the amount of dorsiflexion needed for gait was 42 degrees and that the average measured amount of dorsiflexion with the subject non-weightbearing was 57 degrees.
	www.podiatrytoday.com /article/4731 (1432 words)

	KLM Orthotics - Prescribing Foot Orthoses for Hallux Limitus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Thus, it is very important, especially with children and young adults, to evaluate the lmpj range of dorsiflexion both weightbearing and not weightbearing to adequately examine 1mpj function.
		The main concept is to have the presciption orthoses induce an increase in the range of motion at the 1mpj by causing resupination of the foot from midstance through propulsion.
		However, if the patient does not have sufficient ankle joint dorsiflexion, this limitation may be causing an early heel off, preventing the midtarsal joint from locking.
	www.klm-lab.com /klm_article11.htm (1159 words)

	Lack of On-Going Adaptations in the Soleus Muscle Activity During Walking in Patients Affected by Large-Fiber ...
		In the patient, the ankle dorsiflexion was enhanced by 4° at 15°/s for 270 ms.
		In the patient, the ankle dorsiflexion was reduced by 5° at 18°/s for 230 ms.
		The mean decrement in the SOL EMG during the dorsiflexion reductions was significantly different between the healthy volunteers and the patients.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/93/6/3075 (7686 words)

	The Valenti Procedure for Hallux Limitus/Rigidus
		Pre-operative Hallux dorsiflexion was 12.9 degrees; post-operatively patients achieved 40.4 degrees of dorsiflexion.
		Normal hallux dorsiflexion is 45 to 65 degrees, with respect to the weightbearing plane.(22) Less than 20 degrees of dorsiflexion indicates pathology due to limited first metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion.
		Preoperative average dorsiflexion and plantar flexion was measured with respect to the weight bearing surface and found to 12.9 degrees and 5.8 degrees, respectively.
	straws.com /a_valent.htm (1924 words)

	Contribution of Afferent Feedback to the Soleus Muscle Activity During Human Locomotion -- Mazzaro et al. 93 (1): 167 ...
		Dorsiflexion enhancements and reductions were applied 350 ms after heel contact and maintained for 300 ms.
		The response to the dorsiflexion reductions was not affected by tendon vibration (P = 0.912).
		dorsiflexion was arrested during the stance phase of the gait
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/93/1/167 (6625 words)

	Managing Hallux Rigidus In The Athlete
		Given the limitation of dorsiflexion, patients may complain of increased difficulty with activities that require greater dorsiflexion demands, such as walking up an incline, squatting or running.
		They are often caused by direct impingement of bony surfaces in dorsiflexion or from capsular avulsions associated with sprains, resulting in further progression of the hallux rigidus.
		The treatment of hallux rigidus is aimed at the reducing the local inflammatory process at the first MTPJ and decreasing the dorsiflexion forces that lead to painful dorsal impingement.
	www.podiatrytoday.com /article/2434 (1641 words)

	Dorsiflexion assist device and foot drop splint from NOA (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Can be used in all the conditions of foot drop where dorsiflexion assistance is required.
		The dorsiflexion assist device can be used as foot drop splint.
		We ofer dorsiflexion assist device with extra straps which are available for bare foot.
	www.navchetan.com.cob-web.org:8888 /dorsiflexion-assist-device.htm (122 words)

	Rancho Rehabilitation Engineering Program: Project 5
		The result of the calf weakness is knee and ankle instability during walking, usually resulting in excessive ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion during stance and loss of push-off to assist with initiating the next step.
		Knee moment in terminal stance was badly affected when using a posterior spring and a dorsiflexion stop of -5 deg.
		It would have resistance to dorsiflexion that very gradually increased but still permitted forward progression and recoil into planrarflexion with palatial unweighting during double limb stance but only allowed plantarflexion to 0 deg or -5 deg.
	www.ranchorep.org /project-5.htm (773 words)

	ProStretch - Unilateral Model 00010 at AllegroMedical.com
		The purpose of this experimental study was to compare the effects of using ProStretchÂ® to stretch the gastrocuemius on active ankle dorsiflexion.
		Overall there was a significant increase in active ankle dorsiflexion among the days without regard to type of stretch, F (4,48) = 22.17, P = 0,00.
		This research was done on a population of subjects that ranged from 26-65 years of age with varying fitness levels, Therefore this stretching technique may be used on a wide variety of patients.
	www.allegromedical.com /prostretch-unilateral-191740.html (2385 words)

	Response of sagittal plane gait kinematics to weight-supported treadmill training and functional neuromuscular ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Mid-swing ankle dorsiflexion was defined as the point in the gait cycle at which the swing ankle crosses the stance ankle.
		Even though the FNS-IM gait practice dorsiflexion was not greater than normal, the results indicate that some subjects were volitionally hyperflexing the ankle by several degrees at posttreatment.
		Normal swing phase hip, knee, and ankle dorsiflexion are critical for gait safety and optimal energy expenditure during walking [2-3,9,75], partially because normal limb flexion contributes to the execution of a gait pattern that optimizes the center of mass (COM) pathway.
	www.rehab.research.va.gov /jour/04/41/6/daly.html (6512 words)

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