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Topic: Doubly articulated consonant

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	Doubly articulated consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Doubly articulated consonants are consonants with two simultaneous primary places of articulation of the same manner (both plosive, or both nasal, etc.).
		An example of a doubly articulated consonant is the voiceless labial-velar plosive [k͡p], which is a [k] and a [p] pronounced simulataneously.
		Clicks are doubly articulated by definition: they are involve a coronal (more rarely labial) forward articulation, or release, plus a dorsal closure that pulls double duty, both as the second place of articulation, and as the controlling mechanism of the velaric ingressive airstream.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Doubly_articulated_consonant (779 words)

	Labiovelar consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It may mean labial-velar (a consonant made at two places of articulation, one at the lips and the other at the soft palate), or it may mean labialized velar (a consonant with an approximant-like secondary articulation).
		When the manner of articulation is a plosive, nasal stop, or fricative, these are quite different.
		The voiceless approximant is traditionally called a "voiceless labial-velar fricative", but true doubly articulated fricatives are not known to be used in any language, as they are quite difficult to pronounce and even more to aurally distinguish.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Labio-velar (358 words)

	Place of articulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In phonetics, the place of articulation (also point of articulation) of a consonant is the point of contact, where an obstruction occurs in the vocal tract between an active (moving) articulator (typically some part of the tongue) and a passive (stationary) articulator (typically some part of the roof of the mouth).
		There are five basic active articulators: the lip ("labial consonants"), the flexible front of the tongue ("coronal consonants"), the middle/back of the tongue ("dorsal consonants"), the root of the tongue together with the epiglottis ("radical consonants"), and the larynx ("laryngeal consonants").
		When these are doubly articulated, the articulators must be independently movable, and therefore there may only be one each from the categories labial, coronal, dorsal, and radical.
	www.longbeachcaus.com /info/Place_of_articulation (957 words)

	Velar consonant - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth, known also as the velum).
		Since the velar region of the roof of the mouth is relatively extensive and the movements of the dorsum are not very precise, velars easily undergo assimilation, shifting their articulation back or to the front depending on the quality of adjacent vowels.
		There are also labial-velar consonants, which are doubly articulated at the velum and at the lips, such as [k͡p].
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Velar (311 words)

	ooBdoo
		The sound-values of most consonants taken from the Latin alphabet correspond to those of French, and are also close to those of most other European languages: such consonants include [b], [d], [f], [g], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], (unvoiced) [s], [t], [v], [z].
		The pulmonic consonant table, which includes most consonants, is arranged in rows that designate manner of articulation and columns that designate place of articulation.
		The remaining consonants, the uvular laterals and the palatal trill, while not strictly impossible, are very difficult to pronounce and are unlikely to occur even as allophones in the world's languages.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=IPA (3522 words)

	Voiceless labial-velar fricative - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a channel at the place of articulation that is not narrow enough to cause turbulence.
		Its place of articulation is labial-velar which means it is articulated both with the lips and with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) raised toward the soft palate (the velum).
		It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
	88.208.194.172 /wiki/index.php/Voiceless_labial-velar_fricative (354 words)

	Betsy-McCall.com -- Writing, Academic -- Exit Project, Palatalization in Japanese Mimetics
		Japanese also has a series of coronal consonants: /t/ and /d/ are the stop consonants; /n/ is the coronal nasal; /s/ and /z/ are the coronal fricatives; /r/ is the coronal approximant, although phonetically it is a flap.
		Coronal consonants that receive palatalization undergo a change in place of articulation, from coronal to palatal, but non-coronal consonants are doubly articulated, having two separate places of articulation.
		The coronal consonant /r/ occurs relatively frequently in the lexicon, always as the second consonant in the root, but it never receives palatalization, regardless of the consonant it is paired with.
	www.pewtergallery.com /betsy/research/exit.html (10985 words)

	Voiceless palatal-velar fricative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
		It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the center of the tongue, rather than the sides.
		However, doubly articulated fricatives are very difficult to pronounce or to hear, and many linguists doubt that they exist.
	www.longbeachcaus.com /profile/Voiceless_palatal-velar_fricative (1109 words)

	Labial-palatal consonant - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		In phonetics, the labialised palatal approximant is a consonant with two constrictions in the vocal tract: with the tongue on the palate, and rounded at the lips.
		This sound is not a doubly articulated labial-palatal, but rather a rounded palatal, meaning that it has secondary labial articulation.
		The closest thing known to a doubly articulated labial-palatal consonant are the labial-postalveolar consonants of the Yelî Dnye language.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/l/a/b/Labial-palatal_consonant.html (121 words)

	Fricative consonant FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		These are the lower lip against the upper teeth in the case of, or the back of the tongue against the soft palate in the case of German, the final consonant of ''Bach''.
		However, at the postalveolar place of articulation the tongue may take several shapes: domed, laminal, or apical, and each of these is given a separate symbol and a separate name.
		Ubykh may be the language with the most fricatives, with 27, some of which do not have symbols or diacritics in the IPA.
	www.bigdirection.com /en/fricative_consonant (351 words)

	Labial-velar consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Labial-velar consonants are doubly articulated at the velum and the lips.
		They are sometimes called "labiovelar consonants", a term which can also refer to labialized velars, such as the approximant [w].
		Truly doubly articulated labial-velars occur as plosives and nasal stops in the majority of languages in West and Central Africa, and are relatively common in the eastern end of New Guinea.
	en.wikilib.org /wiki/Labial-velar_consonant (341 words)

	Workshop 2004 - Landmark Based Speech Recognition
		Determine which consonant release, consonant closure, syllable nucleus, or intervocalic glide would be the best place to find acoustics correlated with the important distinctive features.
		Retroflex and alveolar are not the same place of articulation: the initial consonants in "tree" and "two" have different places of articulation.
		Manner of articulation must change at a manner-change landmark, but it need not change as specified in the lexicon: obstruents in the coda of an unstressed syllable may be implemented as sonorant "reduced obstruents." Observations will best specify consonant place of articulation at the moment of release or closure (Furui, 1986).
	www.clsp.jhu.edu /ws04/groups/ws04ldmk/online_discussion.php (1764 words)

	International Phonetic Alphabet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		For instance, a flap and a tap are two different articulations, but since no language has (yet) been found to make a phonemic distinction between them, the IPA does not provide them with dedicated symbols.
		The sound-values of the consonants taken from the Latin alphabet correspond to usage in French, and are close to those of most other European languages as well: [b], [d], [f], [g], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], (unvoiced) [s], [t], [v], [z].
		For example, all the retroflex consonants have the same symbol as the equivalent alveolar consonant, with the addition of a rightward facing hook at the bottom.
	www.sanmateocaus.com /info/International_Phonetic_Alphabet (4764 words)

	Multiple articulations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Multiple articulations are often classified as double articulations and secondary articulations on the basis of whether the two constrictions are equal in degree.
		Secondary articulations are approximants that are articulated at the same time as a stop or a fricative (or a lateral approximant), which is the primary articulation.
		It is possible for languages to contrast consonants with a secondary articulation and consonants without.
	www.umanitoba.ca /linguistics/russell/phonetics/ipa/multiple-articulations.html (430 words)

	Fricative consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Fricatives (or spirants) are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.
		A particular subset of fricatives are the sibilants (sometimes referred to as stridents).
		See table of consonants for a table of fricatives in English.
	en.wikilib.org /wiki/Fricative_consonant (527 words)

	BertinEnglish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In fact, terms as varied as --double articulation, doubly articulated stop, labiovelar stop, double articulated plosive, coarticulated stop, labiovelar articulation, labial-velar double articulation, labial-velar stop-- have been used to designate it.
		When the articulators come apart, the airstream is released in a burst which is not always audible.
		In fact, the passive articulators, he says, are the upper lip and the soft palate (which are said to be passive simultaneously).
	www.lpl.univ-aix.fr /lpl/personnel/yeouhenoue/bertinenglish.htm (2575 words)

	Sanskrit 1: Introduction
		Consonants pronounced by slightly rolling the tongue back are written with a dot below them ('t', 'th', 'd', 'dh', 'n' and 's', all of them with a dot below)
		The vowels and their sounds have predominantly to do with what is superior and independent, while the consonants (mainly those of the first and second groups) have predominantly to do with lower stages of the Creation.
		In fact, since several consonants and vowels are involved, I could even say that there are as many sets of terminations or endings as final vowels and consonants.
	www.sanskrit-sanscrito.com.ar /english/sanskrit/sanscritoargentingles.html (8973 words)

	Abstract: Norms and Exploitations: Mapping Meaning onto Use
		Post-nasal devoicing, a preference for voiceless consonants after nasals (whereby [bata], “look for” becomes [mpata] “look for me”) can not be derived from the interaction of phonetically-grounded constraints.
		In other positions, however, segments that are described in the literature as voiced stops are generally found to be either not voiced or not stops.
		We conclude that the Sengwato consonant system can be better analyzed by reference to phonetically-grounded constraints against voiced stops and to an independently active process of post-nasal hardening.
	www.clsp.jhu.edu /seminars/viewabstract.php?sid=195528597 (398 words)

	Crist v. Bretz
		Having accepted almost without articulated thought the doctrine that the Double Jeopardy Clause protects against needless discharge of the jury, this Court proceeded to adopt [p48] with a similar lack of reason or analysis the implementing rule that jeopardy attaches when the jury is sworn.
		Restraint is doubly indicated with respect to this rule, since it is applied only in jury trials.
		Thus, Montana's rule fixing the attachment of jeopardy at the swearing of the first witness is consonant with the central concerns of the Double Jeopardy Clause.
	www.law.cornell.edu /supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0437_0028_ZD1.html (4057 words)

	Old Church Slavonic Online
		The consonants in parentheses are palatalized, meaning that they are doubly articulated.
		With labial consonants, one either finds the same labial with a palatal off-glide, or, more commonly, with an epenthetic l inserted between the original consonant and jot.
		It is quite certain that there was for the native speakers of OCS a definite distinction between soft and palatalized consonants.
	www.utexas.edu /cola/centers/lrc/eieol/ocsol-1-R.html (3192 words)

	The Vicars’ Corner » Rejecting Dogmatism, Advancing Compassion
		It is simply that these concepts are articulated in a way that is broad, inclusive, non-binding, and expansive.
		I am not saying that we can tolerate absolutely anything at all; we do need to articulate what makes us distinctive and what makes us distinctively Gnostic; but launching a hunt for “heretics” and trying to wipe out “sinners” in our ranks is not the way to do it, not at all.
		It would be doubly, triply misguided in a Gnostic context.
	gnostikoi.wordpress.com /2006/06/25/rejecting-dogmatism-advancing-compassion (3266 words)

	International Phonetic Alphabet - ExampleProblems.com
		For example, all the retroflex consonants have the same symbol as the equivalent alveolar consonant, with the addition of a rightward pointing hook at the bottom.
		For instance, there is not a consistent relationship between lowercase letters and their small capital counterparts, nor are all labial consonants linked through a common character design.
		All clicks are doubly articulated and require two symbols: a velar or uvular stop, plus a symbol for the release: Template:IPA, etc.
	www.exampleproblems.com /wiki/index.php/International_Phonetic_Alphabet (3404 words)

	USA 10.675 - Merits
		The interdiction policy deprives Haitians of a fair opportunity to articulate and substantiate claims for political asylum, this was concretely established by the results of the program.
		The specific gravamen of petitioners' complaint is that many of the interdicted Haitians had a reasonable fear that they would be persecuted if returned to Haiti but were denied a proper forum and processing procedures for resolution of these claims, in violation of the Government's obligations with respect to refugees.
		This notion corresponds to the fact, notable during the subsequent negotiations of the 1951 United Nations' Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and since the right to seek asylum is not commensurate with any corresponding obligation on states to grant asylum to any particular individual.
	www.cidh.oas.org /annualrep/96eng/USA10675.htm (10259 words)

	International Phonetic Alphabet Information Center - english international phonetic alphabet
		For instance, international phonetic alphabet korean a flap and a tap are two different articulations, but since no language has (yet) been found to make a phonemic distinction between them, the IPA does not provide them with dedicated symbols.
		The sound-values of the consonants from the Latin alphabet correspond, in most cases, to English usage: [b], [d], [f], [ɡ], [h], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], [s], [t], [v], [w], [z].
		All clicks are doubly articulated and require two symbols: a velar or uvular stop, plus a symbol for the release: [k͡ǂ, ɡ͡ǂ, ŋ͡ǂ, q͡ǂ, ɢ͡ǂ, ɴ͡ǂ], etc.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_H_-_M/International_Phonetic_Alphabet.html (3846 words)

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