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	Drainage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from a given area.
		Drainage was first developed in the Indus Valley Civilization from around 3100 BC in what is now Pakistan and North India.
		The invention of wind powered pumping engines in the 15th century permitted drainage of some of the marginal land, but the final drainage of the lake had to await the design of large, steam powered pumps and agreements between regional authorities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drainage (1707 words)

	DRAINAGE
		The specific drainage requirements for any given skatepark will be a function of the design and the topography of the site.
		Above grade drainage relies upon gravity and the slope of the park to drain water across the surface of the park and away without drainpipes, etc. This drainage technique is the least expensive approach.
		Below grade drainage relies upon gravity and the slope of the skatepark to carry water into a series of underground drainpipes where it flows into the municipal drain system.
	www.skateparkguide.com /Construction/drainage.htm (997 words)

	CHAPTER 6 - DRAINAGE
		Many areas have some natural drainage; this means that excess water flows from the farmers' fields to swamps or to lakes and rivers.
		Surface drainage is the removal of excess water from the surface of the land.
		Subsurface drainage is the removal of water from the rootzone.
	www.fao.org /docrep/R4082E/r4082e07.htm (765 words)

	Drainage
		It is inserted into a shallow trench in place of pipe and gravel to provide drainage in lawns and landscape without disrupting the surrounding areas.
		This drainage comosite can be used for interior or exterior drainage applications and is provided in rolls.
		It gathers water to be delivered and released to water-safe areas away from structures, erosion-prone landscapes and poor drainage areas.
	www.masternurseries.com /drainage.html (1041 words)

	10(aa) The Drainage Basin Concept
		Drainage basins are divided from each other by topographic barriers called a watershed (Figure 10aa-1).
		The number, size, and shape of the drainage basins found in an area varies with the scale of examination.
		Drainage basins are arbitrarily defined based on the topographic information available on a map.
	www.physicalgeography.net /fundamentals/10aa.html (379 words)

	Paving Expert - AJ McCormack & Son - Drainage - A Guide to Installation
		Drainage and sewer pipes are made from a range of different materials including vitrified clay, uPVC, concrete, iron and asbestos.
		Most domestic drainage will consist of 100mm diameter clayware pipes, or 110mm plastic, although there may be some 150mm diameter pipes if the system is shared with other properties or is subjected to heavier-than-normal loads.
		Socketed clayware pipes were once the most common type of pipe used for 100 and 150mm diameter domestic drainage, but developments in technology led to them being superseded in the late 1960's and nowadays, their main uses is primarily 150mm diameter or larger sewer systems beneath public highways.
	www.pavingexpert.com /drain02.htm (2182 words)

	How to install a lawn drainage system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The key to designing and installing a drainage system in a lawn is to remember that the water must be able to travel from the surface to the drain, which is installed under the lawn.
		Firstly you must consider the fact that all drainage systems work because water will always flow to the lowest point, so you need to design the system so that the drainage water will drain to the lowest point in your garden – into a ditch or a soak away.
		To achieve this, all the drainage pipes you have must have a fall on them no less than 1 in 200 in the direction you wish the water to flow (ideally 10 mm fall for every metre of pipe laid).
	www.gardenadvice.co.uk /howto/lawns/drainage (611 words)

	Drainage
		Surface drainage begins with shaping and smoothing the land into a watershed that directs runoff to ditches, catch basins, storm sewers or French drains.
		The required slope for surface drainage is greater than that of a ditch, French drain or subsurface drain.
		Vertical drainage structures are an alternative to buried perforated pipe.
	11616.hostinglogin.com /Landscape_Tips/Drainage/drainage.html (698 words)

	Drainage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For the homeowner, it's a logical service, especially when the facts are laid bare about inadequate drainage: Aside from a plethora of landscape problems, poor drainage leads to weakened foundations, loose facing materials, rotted supporting wall studs and base plates, and structural damage from pests that thrive in wet conditions.
		Of the company's newest strategies, discharging the water a drainage system collects is a hot topic, primarily because of the cost factors associated with obtaining permits needed for certain areas of discharge.
		Contractors who install drainage see it as a more profitable project for them, because they're not getting three other bids from people that are as adept in putting in drainage as they are in installing irrigation.
	www.igin.com /Irrigation/drainage.html (1459 words)

	Drainage
		“drainage” means the practice of causing water to be removed from the surface or sub-soil of land by natural or artificial means for agricultural or other purposes;
		The Yang di-pertua Negeri may declare in respect of any unalienated State land within a drainage or irrigation area that such land shall not be alienated for any purpose other than such as may be approved by the Committee for that area.
		Any police officer or any officer of the Department of Irrigation and Drainage authorised thereto by order signed by the Director of Irrigation and Drainage may arrest without warrant any person found committing an offence against the provisions of section 17, and shall forthwith cause the person arrested to be produced before a Magistrate.
	www.vixa.com /slaw/drainage.htm (2760 words)

	Drainage - Problems, Solutions, Urban Runoff Mitigation Systems, French Drains, Sump Pumps and Pits, Urban
		Down-spouts from gutters need to be connected to a drainage system that conducts this water away from the house.
		Drainage problems typically require some diagnosis and evaluation in order to propose treatments.
		Drainage treatments are never guaranteed to solve the problem.
	www.hammerco.org /drainage.htm (1581 words)

	drainage
		A definition for "drainage remedies" states that they "are remedies which promote the excretory functions of a particular organ or organ system".
		This is drainage." Thus Drainage is involved not only in helping to eliminate toxic accumulation but also serves to stimulate the proper function of organs in order to improve the patient's overall health.
		In these texts, the doctors clearly outline the necessity of Drainage, as well as the actions of individual remedies in the UNDA Numbered Compounds, which are the low potency combinations popular in Drainage and used extensively in our office.
	www.circleofhealthclinic.com /drainage.html (446 words)

	The role of 'Drainage' in treating Prostatitis - The Prostatitis Foundation
		But since drainage is always at least uncomfortable for the patient, and usually at least slightly embarrassing for both doctor and patient, and time consuming, it fell out of common practice with the advent of antibiotics.
		Drainage can be painful, especially when it is done for the first time.
		Drainage can become less painful and less uncomfortable the more often it is done.
	www.prostatitis.org /drainage.html (836 words)

	Drainage
		Foundation drainage codes require a natural slope away from the house for water flow.
		Foundation drainage systems are one of the most important aspects of residential construction.
		Installing drainage systems are also one of the most misunderstood aspects.
	www.askthebuilder.com /Drainage.shtml (950 words)

	Drainage Section
		The Department of Water Resources is the organization primarily responsible for drainage and flood control within the urbanized and urbanizing portions of unincorporated Sacramento County and the cities of Citrus Heights and Rancho Cordova.
		The drainage and flood control system operated and maintained by Sacramento County consists of 2,500 miles of storm drain pipe, 1,500 miles of roadside ditches, 400 miles of creeks and open channels, 35 pump stations, and 12 detention basins.
		Drainage services within unincorporated Sacramento County and the cities of Citrus Heights and Rancho Cordova are primarily provided by three sections:
	www.msa.saccounty.net /waterresources/drainage.asp (186 words)

	Main Drainage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mine drainage is metal-rich water formed from chemical reaction between water and rocks containing sulfur-bearing minerals.
		Mine drainage is formed when pyrite, an iron sulfide, is exposed and reacts with air and water to form sulfuric acid and dissolved iron.
		Problems that can be associated with mine drainage include contaminated drinking water, disrupted growth and reproduction of aquatic plants and animals and the corroding effects of the acid on parts of infrastructures such as bridges.
	geology.er.usgs.gov /eastern/environment/drainage.html (346 words)

	Soil Compaction And Drainage, AEX-301 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Excessive soil compaction may result in poor drainage; increased energy for tillage; reduced crop yields because of reduced water and air movement in the soil; reduced rate of root growth; and delays in tillage, planting and harvesting.
		Drainage systems for crop production are designed to remove excess water from the soil by runoff from the surface or through subsurface drains.
		Because compaction reduces the rate of water movement through the soil, it results in slower soil profile drainage by subsurface (tile) drains.
	ohioline.osu.edu /b301 (283 words)

	Thames Centre Drainage Department
		In some areas artificial drainage may not be necessary at all.
		Farm drainage was not common until the mid 20th century.
		Various types of clay drainage tile were laid in hand dug trenches, Sometimes the work was performed by the farmer himself, with no other help.
	www.thamescentre.on.ca /drainage.htm (467 words)

	Jefferson Parish : Drainage
		All storm water runoff is conveyed by gravity through a system of subsurface drainage lines and canals into the suction bays of various pump stations then pumped into surrounding water bodies outside of the flood protection system.
		This includes cleaning drainage channels of silt, trash and hazardous obstructions in addition to removing blockages from roadside gutters, catch basins, drain inlets and culverts.
		The City of Grand Isle is responsible for the operation and maintenance of all its drainage facilities.
	www.jeffparish.net /index.cfm?DocID=1162 (1612 words)

	Land Improvement Contractors of Ontario
		LICO is an association of professional contractors, suppliers of drainage pipe and equipment, engineers and municipal drainage superintendents principally concerned with agriculture and the land drainage industry of Ontario, Canada.
		LICO Contractors are government licensed and principally design and lay tile drains on farms and construct the necessary municipal outlet drains.
		Drainage of golf courses, athletic fields, constructed wetlands and general earthmoving are projects that interest LICO contractors.
	www.drainage.org (116 words)

	Drainage
		We identify and solve all your drainage problems protecting you and your property.
		Proper drainage must be positioned and installed correctly.
		Subterranean pipes are often installed at the base of drains allowing leaves and mud to immediately accumulate during rainy periods and diminishing the systems ability to properly drain.
	www.twlandscape.com /Residential/drainageR.html (209 words)

	Drainage
		The waste from WCs is routed directly to the mains drainage via a larger vented pipe.
		All waste water is fed into one large vented drainage pipe which connects to the mains drainage.
		It is essential to identify the correct route for disposing of waste water from your property.
	www.diyfixit.co.uk /flash/plumbing/Drainage/drainage.htm (139 words)

	Drainage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Westlands' drainage problem has been occurring for decades because dense soil and clay layers at shallow depths prevent the unused irrigation water from percolating into the deep aquifer.
		Westlands' farmers have been without drainage service since the San Luis Drain was closed in 1986.
		There is no single solution to the subsurface drainage problems on the west side.
	www.westlandswater.org /drainage/drainage1.htm (263 words)

	French Drains : Drainage
		Homeowners or contractors with severe drainage conditions should always consult a specialist to engineer remedies optimized for the particular "on-site" conditions.
		Many basement drainage companies still rely on sump pumps for all installations, regardless of whether or not gravity could be used to discharge the water.
		See also: Soil: The Nature of Drainage for a good description of the differences between various types of soil and Soggy Basements.
	www.builderswebsource.com /techbriefs/drainage.htm (6152 words)

	Public Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The City of Killeen’s Drainage Utility was created in October 2001 to improve the function and the health of the City’s drainage infrastructure.
		In 2006, the City will be able to provide an increase in the level of maintenance and improvement of the drainage system, and increase support of mandatory federal and state water quality requirements.
		With this funding, the City can begin to inspect, clean, and repair drainage infrastructure proactively so improved drainage systems can operate as designed and blockages that cause flooding can be reduced.
	www.ci.killeen.tx.us /PublicWorks/DrainageUtility/DrainageUtility.html (634 words)

	Drainage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sinus drain - drainage treatment for sinusitis infection...
		Environmental impact assessment of irrigation and drainage projects...
		Paving Expert - AJ McCormack and Son - Drainage for Paving and Gardens...
	www.scienceoxygen.com /idea/17.html (136 words)

	Essential Services - Drainage \|\| La Porta Verde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		If you are lucky enough to have mains drainage then this is, of course, the most convenient method.
		Where mains drainage is not available it is necessary to have your own drainage system.
		A geologist must calculate the length of this pipe dependant on number of people noramlly living in the house, the type of soil, etc. Cost of the tank is roughly 500 to 700 euros and installation is about 2,000 euros, but much will depend on location and terrain.
	www.laportaverde.com /pagina.aspx?pageid=339 (224 words)

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