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	Midwest Driftless Area Initiative
		A 24,000 square mile area of southeastern Minnesota, northeastern Iowa, western Wisconsin, and northwestern Illinois was circumvented by the Wisconsin glacier.
		The resulting lack of drift led to the name “Driftless Area.” The unglaciated area is bounded on the north near Red Wing, Minnesota, on the west by St. Charles, Minnesota, on the east by Madison, Wisconsin, and on the south near Clinton, Iowa.
		Area streams to the Upper Mississippi River (UMR), contributing to the degradation of backwater habitat in the UMR and to the hypoxia problems in the Gulf of Mexico.
	www.fws.gov /midwest/LaCrosseFisheries/projects/Driftless.html (848 words)

	Great Lakes Ecosystem: 1994 Proceedings of the Midwest Oak Savanna Conferences [Will-Wolf]
		The presettlement vegetation of the study area was a mosaic of upland oak forest (35%), savanna (52%), prairie (11%), marsh (2%) and a minor component (<1%) of non-oak forest and savanna.
		White oak points were 16% more common in the driftless area than in the glaciated region, while bur oak points were less common in the driftless area by almost the same amount.
		The apparent paradox of similar proportion of forest, savanna and prairie in the topographically heterogeneous driftless area and in the more homogeneous glaciated region, and the strong differences in species composition and structure plus evidence that variables constraining vegetation operated differently in the two landscapes are both linked to this contrast.
	www.epa.gov /docs/grtlakes/ecopage/upland/oak/oak94/Proceedings/Will-wolf.html (1951 words)

	Driftless Area Critical Trends Assessment: Area at a Glance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Because of its location the Driftless Area has a typical continental climate with cold winters (Jo Daviess is the coldest county in Illinois), hot summers, and abundant rainfall.
		Prior to settlement (1820), 22.5% 142,309 acres) of the Driftless Area was prairie.
		The Driftless Area is one of the most rural areas of the state, so its public land holdings are relatively large and contiguous, helping to reduce the negative effects of fragmentation.
	dnr.state.il.us /orep/c2000/assessments/driftweb/ataglance.htm (1317 words)

	Driftless Area Initiative \| Minnesota NRCS
		As a result, the Driftless Area, otherwise known as the Paleozoic Plateau is suffering from an increase in soil erosion, sedimentation, and run-off.
		The Driftless Area is a region located in the Upper Mississippi River Basin that is 24,103 square miles and 15,425,063 acres.
		The Driftless Area has been called the Central Park of the Midwest and the efforts to restore, enhance, and improve this treasured land is being recognized by many, along with providing hope for future generations.
	www.mn.nrcs.usda.gov /news/features04/driftless.html (455 words)

	Driftless Area - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Driftless Area c.13,000 sq mi (33,670 sq km), largely in SW Wis. but extending into SE Minn., NE Iowa, and NW Ill. The continental glacier which covered most surrounding regions did not touch this area, which abounds in caves and sinkholes and has residual, well-drained soil.
		Because it was an important lead-mining region, the federal government prohibited farming in the Driftless Area until the 1840s.
		Driftless at last; A new tribute CD could boost Greg Brown beyond cult status.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-driftles.html (354 words)

	Managing Oak in the Driftless Area
		The “Driftless Area” is an island of unglaciated land in western Wisconsin, southeastern Minnesota, and northeastern Iowa.
		This publication is intended primarily for foresters and landowners in the Driftless Area, but the practices recommended are applicable in similar ecosystems (exceptions include those containing yellow-poplar) well beyond the boundaries of this region.
		On the dry prairie edges and savannas within the Driftless Area, where light was abundant, scattered bur, white, and fl oak trees and seedling-sprouts survived recurring fires that discriminated against various other hardwood species for many years.
	www.extension.umn.edu /distribution/naturalresources/DD5900.html (9237 words)

	DRIFTLESS AREA RRA, NORTHWEST ILLINOIS, USA
		The Driftless Area RRA occupies a physiographically unique part of the state that escaped Pleistocene glaciation.
		The area is characterized by rolling hills and a dis sected pattern of wooded ridges and includes such promi nent features as canyons, ravines, bluffs, and palisades.
		Twenty percent of the area is cropland; this is one of the few nonurban RRAs where cropland is not the predominant landcover type.
	www.inhs.uiuc.edu /cwe/rra/site1.html (485 words)

	Archives: Story
		The driftless area of this part of the world is considered by many as a national treasure.
		Efforts to improve farming practices and restore the natural character of the driftless area by reducing erosion on the hillsides and hilltops began in the 1930s, coming into full force in the second half of the 20th century.
		Prior to European settlement, brook trout inhabited the majority of the spring-fed coldwater streams in the Driftless Area, the western-most extent of its historic range.
	www.dunnconnect.com /articles/2005/05/28/outdoors/outdoors01.txt (803 words)

	MPR: States, federal government vow to restore Driftless Area (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The area is sometimes called the Driftless Area because it was bypassed by the last glacier some 12,000 years ago.
		While considered a national treasure by environmentalists, the area's 3,600 miles of streams are marred by decreasing water quality and shrinking fish populations.
		"The Driftless Area will be one of the finest trout fisheries in the country with the type of restoration that we're talking about," said Chris Wood, vice president for conservation at Trout Unlimited, which works to protect trout and salmon fisheries and has spearheaded the project.
	minnesota.publicradio.org /display/web/2006/04/19/driftless (600 words)

	Driftless Area Critical Trends Assessment: Sidebar - Algific Slopes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Instead of being edged with vertical cliffs, several of the streams in the Driftless Area are bordered by steep, north-facing limestone talus (rock fragments) slopes.
		The slopes are generally covered with a thick carpet of moss, and ice persists beneath the surface throughout most of the summer, creating a cool micro climate on the surface of the slope.
		Algific slopes, one of the state's most unusual natural areas, are confined to the Driftless Area, where less than a dozen exist.
	dnr.state.il.us /orep/c2000/assessments/driftweb/algific.htm (435 words)

	Driftless Area National Wildlife Refuge
		The karst region, referred to as the “Driftless Area” escaped the last glaciers leaving the Paleozoic age (500,000 year old) bedrock subject to erosion.
		Established in 1989, Driftless Area National Wildlife Refuge is helping to recover two federally listed species: the endangered Iowa Pleistocene snail and threatened Northern monkshood.
		The 775 acre Driftless Area National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1989 to permanently protect populations of the Iowa Pleistocene snail and threatened Northern monkshood.
	www.fws.gov /midwest/Driftless (1777 words)

	Driftless Area NWR Planning Page
		With the signing of the Record of Decision in May 2006 and completion of the stand-alone Comprehensive Conservation Plan in November 2006, planning for Driftless Area NWR is complete.
		The CCP includes an approved acquisition area of 6,000 acres in 22 counties in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.
		Driftless Area National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1989 under the authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973.
	www.fws.gov /midwest/planning/DriftlessArea/index.html (399 words)

	Driftless Area Critical Trends Assessment: Page Thirteen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A rare prairie community found in the area is the dolomite hill prairie.
		At present, they occupy a small percentage of the Driftless Area, but these prairies could be restored if the areas were actively managed.
		The Driftless Area is one of the few places in Illinois where large stands of paper birch exist naturally.
	dnr.state.il.us /orep/c2000/assessments/driftweb/page13.htm (392 words)

	quaternary geology text
		The landscape region of northeast Iowa was originally termed the “Driftless Area” due to the belief that this area had never been glaciated.
		The term Driftless Area came into being and was commonly used as a term to describe the region of high relief, heavily dissected, bedrock-controlled landscape of northeastern Iowa.
		Glacial drift in the “Driftless Area” of northeast Iowa.
	www.igsb.uiowa.edu /gsi/gb70/quaternary.htm (2459 words)

	Wisconsin Bed and Breakfast Inn Lonesome Hollow
		The "driftless area" of the Upper Midwest derives its name from the fact that it was unglaciated during the most recent glacial event about 12,000 years ago.
		Black bear visits are becoming increasingly common as the Wisconsin fl bear population moves southward, expanding their territory into the perfect woodland environs of the Driftless Area.
		Organic farming has become a very profitable business for many of the area's farms, and the Driftless Area is home to Organic Valley, the nation's largest organic farm cooperative.
	www.lonesomehollow.com /driftlessarea.html (403 words)

	Amazon.com: The Driftless Area: A Novel: Books: Tom Drury (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This area was bypassed by glaciers during the ice age and so theoretically remains a window into a prehistoric past -- however the towns mentioned in the novel are entirely fictional.
		The Driftless Area seems to be a much shorter novel than his others, as if Drury was holding himself back from describing nearly twice as many small experiences the main character undoubtedly went through.
		Driftless introduces a lot of surrealistic concepts that were mostly absent from his other works, if I recall correctly, but Drury handles them gracefully, if not beautifully.
	www.amazon.com /Driftless-Area-Novel-Tom-Drury/dp/087113943X (2084 words)

	Wisconsin Adventure Racing Where Is The Driftless Zone?
		It is an area known as the ‘Driftless Region,’ meaning never glaciated and therefore has spectacular ridges, majestic bluffs, lush green valleys, and gorgeous rolling hills.
		The Driftless Area, primarily resides in Southwestern Wisconsin.
		The appearance of the Driftless Area landscape today probably is much like that of adjacent glaciated landscapes prior to the first Pleistocene ice age advance.
	www.wisconsinadventureracing.com /where.html (484 words)

	Driftless Area Ride - Oct 21 & 22 - Illinois Victory Riders Forums
		The Driftless Area ride will be a long-day affair requiring probably 7-8 hours in the saddle......9 hours including brief stops.
		The Driftless Area is the name assigned by geologists to the four-states corner region of IL, WI, MN and IA. It is called "Driftless" because, unlike the surrounding areas of the upper midwest, it was completely missed by the multiple glaciations of the past due to its higher elevation.
		The Driftless Area represents what most of IL would look like had the glaciers not buried everything with outwash and till.
	www.illinoisvictoryriders.com /forums/showthread.php?t=609 (1013 words)

	Driftless Area. The Columbia Gazetteer of North America. 2000
		Driftless Area, c.13,000 sq mi/33,670 sq km, largely in SW Wis. but extending into SE Minn., NE Iowa, and NW Ill. The continental glacier which covered most surrounding regions did not touch this area, which abounds in caves and sinkholes and has residual, well-drained soil.
		prohibited farming in the Driftless Area until the 1840s.
		Its existence has led geologists (gromorphologists) to believe that the Ice Age was more complex than 1st thought, a series of separate ice sheets advancing at different times, rather than one single ice sheet or event.
	www.bartleby.com /69/61/D04461.html (142 words)

	Barneveld Family Farm and Historic Stone Barn Preserved
		In 2000 the Driftless Area Land Conservancy was formed as a non-profit land trust.
		One of the goals of the project is to protect and maintain the area’s predominantly rural agrarian landscape and economy, thus keeping important agricultural grasslands open and preventing the unplanned fragmentation and conversion of these lands into residential and commercial uses.
		The Driftless Area Land Conservancy is especially grateful for the grant funds from the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Knowles Nelson Stewardship Program that were used purchase the conservation and historic preservation easement from the Thomas family.
	www.driftlesslandtrust.org /thomaseasement.htm (1124 words)

	Research at a snail's pace
		Syverson and Colgan, 2004) for why the glaciers bypassed the Driftless Area is because the area in northern Wisconsin and the UP is topographically higher (even pre-glacier) than the surrounding region (see figure on the right).
		Another possibility is that the porosity of the bedrock in the Driftless Area absorbed the liquid water at the base of the glacier, and prevented it from flowing into the region, "gluing" the ice to the ground.
		Simply put, the Driftless Area is the region in Southwestern Wisconsin, Southeastern Minnesota, Northeastern Iowa, and Northwestern Illinois that was not covered by the late Wisconsin glacial ice and has a characteristically rugged topography.
	pascals-puppy.blogspot.com (1306 words)

	Driftless Area Critical Trends Assessment: Page One (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Driftless Area also has the highest geographical point in Illinois - the exposed bedrock surface at Charles Mound in Jo Daviess County - and one of the darkest areas in the state - Apple River Canyon State Park, popular with Chicago-area astronomers.
		The topography of the Driftless Area is strikingly different from areas to the immediate south and east.
		This area of Illinois (primarily Jo Daviess County and part of Carroll County), along with portions of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa, is known as the Driftless Area, an island that escaped the continental glaciers of the Pleistocene Epoch.
	dnr.state.il.us /orep/c2000/assessments/driftweb/page1.htm (230 words)

	Luca's Blog Archives
		I spent the better part of a week exploring the “Driftless Area.” Unlike most of the Upper Midwest, glacial recession did not overwhelm this region with rock and gravel deposits known as “drift.” As a result, ancient limestone formations remain close to the surface.
		The 24,000 square mile Driftless area is located at the intersection of Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Illinois.
		The Driftless is aesthetically pleasing to the angler.
	blog01.kintera.com /troutunlimited/archives/2006/06/drifting_throug.html (1203 words)

	Iowa Public Lands: Driftless Area NWR
		The Driftless Area NWR was established to protect the endangered Iowa Pleistocene snail and the threatened northern monkshood plant.
		On these slopes, constant cold air and/or cold groundwater exiting from a cliff or talus slope creates an unique microclimate, one that may be considerably different from areas only meters away.
		The "driftless area" derives its name from the fact that it has not been recently glaciated.
	www.biggamehunt.net /sections/Iowa/public_lands/Driftless_Area_NWR.html (173 words)

	WDNR - Wildcat Mountain Geology
		Wildcat Mountain is in the area of southwestern Wisconsin called the Driftless Area because it was missed by the glaciers that covered most of the state.
		The area is a sample of what Wisconsin must have looked like before the Ice Age, more than 10,000 years ago.
		The Kickapoo River, like the other rivers of the driftless area of Wisconsin, probably was formed by small glaciers or spurs of ice which had nothing to do with the massive glaciers know as the Wisconsin Ice Sheet which covered the rest of Wisconsin.
	www.dnr.state.wi.us /org/land/parks/specific/wildcat/geology (274 words)

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