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Topic: Drosophila melanogaster

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	Drosophila - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Drosophila is a genus of small flies whose members are often called small fruit flies, or more appropriately vinegar flies, wine flies, pomace flies, grape flies, and picked fruit-flies.
		One species in particular, Drosophila melanogaster, has been heavily used in research in genetics and is a common model organism in developmental biology.
		Drosophila are extensively used as a model organism in genetics, cell-biology, biochemistry, and especially developmental biology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drosophila (1032 words)

	Drosophila melanogaster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Drosophila melanogaster (from the Greek for fl-bellied dew-lover) is a dipteran (two-winged) insect, and is the species of fruit fly that is most commonly used in genetic experiments; it is among the most important model organisms.
		Drosophila melanogaster is the most studied organism in biological research, particularly in genetics and developmental biology.
		Determination of sex in Drosophila occurs by the ratio of X chromosomes to autosomes, not because of the presence of a Y chromosome as in human sex determination.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drosophila_melanogaster (2447 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Abstract: The oviposition rhythm of individual flies of Drosophila melanogaster from a population maintained in an aperiodic environment (with light, temperature, humidity, and other factors which could provide time cues, kept constant) for several hundred generations was assayed in constant light (LL), in light/dark (LD 12:12 hr) cycle, and in constant darkness (DD).
		Abstract: Experimental lines of Drosophila melanogaster derived from a natural population, which had been isolated in the laboratory for approximately 70 generations, were crossed to determine if the expression of additive, dominance and epistatic genetic variation in development time and viability was associated with the environment.
		In the laboratory Drosophila melanogaster meigen have more difficulty seeing brightly lit webs when they are suspended close to backgrounds of high spatial frequencies than when webs are suspended in front of distant backgrounds or of low spatial frequencies.
	www.nal.usda.gov /awic/pubs/Labinsects/Drosophila.htm (8841 words)

	Drosophila Sequencing Stands As Genetic Research Milestone
		melanogaster, the largest yet sequenced in full, is described in the 24 March 2000 issue of Science magazine, in a series of articles jointly authored by hundreds of scientists, technicians, and students from 20 public and private institutions in five countries.
		The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) is supported by the Department of Energy, the National Human Genome Research Institute, and HHMI, with the largest of its facilities operated by the Life Sciences Division of the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
		melanogaster has some 250 million bases in its genome, arranged on five chromosomes; 80 percent of the genome is located on the large chromosomes labeled 2 and 3.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/drosophila-sequenced.html (855 words)

	P Element Bibliography
		P element transposition in Drosophila melanogaster: an analysis of sister-chromatid pairs and the formation of intragenic secondary insertions during meiosis.
		The invasion of the Drosophila melanogaster genome by members of the P family of transposable elements was monitored by in situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes.
		P element transposons in Drosophila melanogaster are capable of mobilizing incomplete P elements elsewhere in the genome, and of inducing recombination.
	engels.genetics.wisc.edu /Pelements/bibliography.html (12131 words)

	The Genome Sequence of Drosophila melanogaster -- Adams et al. 287 (5461): 2185 -- Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Drosophila melanogaster: A case study of a model genomic sequence and its consequences.
		Drosophila Myt1 is a Cdk1 inhibitory kinase that regulates multiple aspects of cell cycle behavior during gametogenesis.
		Developmental expression and biophysical characterization of a Drosophila melanogaster aquaporin.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/287/5461/2185 (2118 words)

	Trans-NIH Fly Initiative- Drosophila White Paper 2001
		Drosophila melanogaster is an extraordinarily attractive model organism owing to a combination of its easy to manipulate genetic system, relatively low cost, and biological complexity comparable to that of a mammal.
		Indeed, analysis of the Celera-BDGP genomic sequence of Drosophila melanogaster provided enormous evidence on the value of the fly as a model for human disease, with about 2/3 of human disease genes having a clear cognate in Drosophila.
		Together with the information on the Drosophila genome and proteome, the past years of investment in Drosophila research and the anticipated completion of the genomic sequence will catalyze an explosion in outstanding research and insights into normal and disease mechanisms if harnessed properly.
	www.nih.gov /science/models/fly/whitepaper2001.html (1575 words)

	Sexual Behaviors leading to mating successes and failures in adult male and female Drosophila Melanogaster
		The impact of wing vibration in males upon females is primarily auditory, although the fluttering of the wings also accelerates dispersal of hydrocarbons from the body surface, thereby potentially facilitating olfactory communication between the male and female (Yamamoto D 1999).
		In D. melanogaster, extrusion was considered to be an expression of the female’s unwillingness to copulate.
		Drosophila melanogaster has many intricate and complex behaviors which I cannot attempt to understand or explain.
	www.colostate.edu /Depts/Entomology/courses/en507/papers_2001/montano.htm (2365 words)

	Drosophila.htm
		AAA - The Assembly/Alignment/Annotation of 12 Drosophila Genomes
		DMPL Drosophila Membrane Protein Library is a collection of polytopic membrane protein sequences (containing two or more predicted membrane spanning domains) from Drosophila melanogaster.
		olfactory receptors of Drosophila, from the Olfactory Receptor Database
	biol.org /Drosophila.htm (2792 words)

	The "Fly People" Make History
		This value derived from a simple fact of genetic research: "The way you find out what a gene does," says Hermann Steller, an HHMI investigator and neurobiologist at The Rockefeller University, "is by generating a mutation and looking at the consequences—looking at what the fly does when that gene loses its function.
		melanogaster is playing a pivotal role in uncovering biological processes that all organisms share.
		melanogaster, one gene at a time, since the mid-1970s, when recombinant DNA technology first became available.
	www.hhmi.org /genesweshare/b100.html (827 words)

	Drosophila melanogaster - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 (Black-bellied Dew-lover) a dipteran (two-winged) insect, is the species of fruit fly that is commonly used in genetic experiments; it is among the most important model organisms.
		Inseminated females can be "re-virginized" by prolonged incubation at 10 °C, which kills the sperm as the sperm cytoskeleton is extremely sensitive to temperature fluctuations, according to Michael Ashburner's "red book".
		da:Bananflue (Drosophila melanogaster) nl:Fruitvlieg de:Drosophila melanogaster es:Drosophila melanogaster fr:Drosophila melanogaster it:Drosophila melanogaster ko:초파리 ja:ショウジョウバエ pl:Muszka owocowa pt:Drosophila melanogaster ru:Drosophila melanogaster fi:Banaanikärpänen sv:Bananfluga zh:黑腹果蝇
	www.psychcentral.com /psypsych/Drosophila_melanogaster (2471 words)

	P Elements in Drosophila
		The Drosophila genome has many families of transposable elements (Flybase), some of which have been studied in detail, and others are known only superficially (Berg and Howe 1989).
		The horizontal transfer event could have occurred at any time since melanogaster and willistoni became sympatric, but the spread of P elements through melanogaster was presumably not yet complete by the 1930's when the last laboratory M populations were established (Kidwell 1983).
		Drosophila has long been a favorite organism for genetic and developmental research, but it was largely through the use of P elements that the powerful tools of molecular biology were fully employed.
	engels.genetics.wisc.edu /Pelements/Pt.html (6407 words)

	Drosophila melanogaster @ NCBI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The assembled and annotated genome sequence of the euchromatic arms of the five Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) chromosomes is now available in GenBank.
		The sequence, determined in a collaboration between Celera and the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, is described in the March 24, 2000 issue of Science.
		Drosophila is the second multicellular organism to be sequenced, after the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /PMGifs/Genomes/7227.html (262 words)

	Olympus MIC-D: Darkfield Gallery - Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
		More recently, Drosophila are playing a starring role in developmental biology with particular emphasis on this dipteran's embryonic stages.
		Because they are easy to feed, breed, and maintain in a laboratory setting and their two-week life cycle is relatively short, fruit flies will certainly continue to shine as experimental specimens.
		After their introduction from Europe to the Chile in 1978, Drosophila subobscura spread throughout the Chilean coast and have since displaced most of the native D.
	www.olympusmicro.com /micd/galleries/darkfield/fruitflylow.html (465 words)

	Articles - Drosophila melanogaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Interestingly, although ´´D. melanogaster´´ is extensively studied in the laboratory, field studies are much rarer.
		Cell division in the early ´´Drosophila´´ embryo happens so quickly there are no proper checkpoints so mistakes may be made in division of the DNA.
		To get around this problem the nuclei which have made a mistake detatch from their centrosomes and fall into the centre of the embryo which will not form part of the fly.
	www.sewing-center.com /articles/Drosophila_melanogaster (2271 words)

	Drosophila Melanogaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		These Drosophila genes are organized in Flybase, a database that stores fruit-fly genetic and molecular information which have been molecularly cloned by chromosome walking and transposon tagging.
		The whole-genome shotgun strategy was used for the Drosophila sequencing project whereas the clone-by-clone approach was used by the publicly funded Human Genome Consortium.
		Drosophila cognates of human disease genes have already been identified, a Drosophila homolog of an important but poorly understood mammalian gene can thus be isolated and genetic techniques can then be applied to further understand the gene’s characterization.
	dragon.zoo.utoronto.ca /~J02T0601C/fly.htm (900 words)

	96.05.01: Using Drosophila to Teach Genetics
		Drosophila melanogaster, or the red-eyed pomace fly, is classified in the family Drosophilidae, and order Diptera (which also includes flies, mosquitoes and midges.) Scientists study simple model systems in hopes of understanding principles that can apply to complex systems.
		Drosophila Chromosomes: In Drosophila melanogaster there are 4 homologous pairs of chromosomes: 2 pairs of large autosomes, (one slightly smaller than the other pair), 1 pair of very small autosomes, and a pair of sex chromosomes.
		In Drosophila, the genes for these recessive mutations are linked on the 1st or X chromosome: vermillion eyes (v), cross-veinless wings (cv), and cut wings (ct).In this activity, we will observe the phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross(based on the experiental data of Thomas Hunt Morgan).
	www.yale.edu /ynhti/curriculum/units/1996/5/96.05.01.x.html (7261 words)

	Drosophila melanogaster
		Drosophila melanogaster; Drosophila melanogaster / genetics; Drosophila melanogaster / growth and development
		Aimed at university students and teachers of developmental biology classes, FlyMove is a Drosophila multimedia database to study the development of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
		The MitoDrome database aims to annotate Drosophila melanogaster nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial proteins in order to contribute to the functional characterisation of nuclear genes coding for mitochondrial proteins and to the knowledge of gene diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions.
	bioresearch.ac.uk /browse/mesh/D004331.html (987 words)

	Genetic nomenclature for Drosophila melanogaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A prefix to indicate that the gene is from Drosophila, e.g.
		melanogaster name incorporates a polytene chromosome location and hence is only of relevance to melanogaster, and cases where the symbol in the other species has already been used to refer to a different gene.
		Outside of the family Drosophilidae, the valid gene symbol for the species of origin of the gene should be used and should respect the capitalization rules for the wild-type gene of that species.
	flybase.bio.indiana.edu /docs/nomenclature/lk/nomenclature.html (10476 words)

	Drosophila melanogaster Exon Database (DEDB) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Drosophila melanogaster Exon Database (DEDB) is a database that contains information on Drosophila melanogaster exons presented in a splicing graph form.
		The data in this database is based on release 3.2 of the Drosophila melanogaster genome annotations available at FlyBase (www.flybase.net).
		This allows users to determine the Drosophila melanogaster homology of their gene using a BLAST search and to visualize the alternative splicing variants if any.
	proline.bic.nus.edu.sg /dedb (362 words)

	Drosophila Genome Project
		The Drosophila Genome Project at the HGSC is sequencing the second Drosophila species: Drosophila pseudoobscura.
		Comparison of this species assembly with the recently completed sequence of Drosophila melanogaster is expected to offer important further insights into the biology of this historic model for experimental genetics.
		This project builds on the successful collaborative effort with the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) and Celera Genomics to map and sequence the euchromatic portion of the Drosophila melanogaster genome - see the Drosophila melanogaster project page.
	www.hgsc.bcm.tmc.edu /projects/drosophila (257 words)

	Hsp70 Duplication in the Drosophila melanogaster Species Group: How and When Did Two Become Five? -- Bettencourt and ...
		the melanogaster subgroup clusters with the suzukii, takahashii,
		6.—Schematic of the 87C1 locus of Drosophila melanogaster, with alignment of sequences involved in the evolution of the hsp70Bb/hsp70Bc region.
		the divergence of the melanogaster, ficusphila, elegans, takahashii,
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/18/7/1272 (4353 words)

	Population Dynamics of Growth of Drosophila
		Since it is too time consuming to study the parameters that affect the dynamics of growth of the human population, Drosophila have been chosen as the experimental organism.
		The basic features of growth and development of Drosophila have been studied in the laboratory.
		The fruit fly is a small organism, easy to rear and to count, with a short life cycle.
	www.accessexcellence.org /AE/AEPC/WWC/1991/population.html (577 words)

	Resources - RPCI - 98 Drosophila melanogaster BAC Library
		The RPCI-98 Drosophila melanogaster BAC Library has been constructed in our laboratory by Aaron Mammoser and Kazutoyo Osoegawa in collaboration with the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project headed by Gerald M. Rubin and co-directed by Susan E. Celniker at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
		The BGDP followed the established nomenclature for various Drosophila BAC libraries and BACPAC Resources followed the NCBI recommendations.
		melanogaster agarose-embedded DNA was partially digested with a combination of EcoRI and EcoRI Methylase.
	bacpac.chori.org /dromel98.htm (454 words)

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