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Topic: Drowned valley

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	Ria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Georges River, in the southern suburbs of Sydney (Australia) is a ria, or drowned river valley.
		The deeply indented shape of the ria reflects the dendritic pattern of drainage that existed before the rise in sea level that flooded the valley.
		A ria is a submergent coastal landform, often known as a drowned valley or drowned river valley.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drowned_valley (532 words)

	JORDAN ESCARPMENT VALLEY - 1984 Carolinian Canada Sites
		The area includes the major part of the meander valley of the Twenty Mile Creek as it cuts across the plain and is adjacent to the escarpment valley and terrace valley of the Jordan Escarpment Valley.
		Vegetation in the re-entrant valley is mainly healthy and mature consisting of red and white oak, white ash, hop-hornbeam, white elm, basswood, sugar, red and fl maple, fl cherry, sweet cherry and a few eastern hemlock and butternut walnut.
		At the mouth of the valley is a broad floodplain basin with well developed annual alternate stream channelization on scree; this extends to the north towards the drowned meander valley alluvial wetlands of the Jordan Harbour area.
	www.carolinian.org /CarolinianSites_JordanValley.htm (915 words)

	ESTUARY. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		One type of estuary, called a drowned river valley, can be caused by crustal subsidence or a rise in sea level.
		Chesapeake Bay is one of the largest estuaries of this type in the United States and was formed during the melting of the Pleistocene ice sheets (see Pleistocene epoch).
		Fjords, or drowned glacial troughs, form similar types of estuaries, particularly in Norway, Alaska, New Zealand, and other glaciated, mountainous coastal regions.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/es/estuary.html (310 words)

	ca-drakesestero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		During periods of lowered sea level, valleys were eroded and deepened in shallow offshore and coastal regions.
		As the glaciers melted and sea level rose again, the deeper valleys were flooded.
		A drowned river valley is an estuary - a coastal water body that is open to the ocean and is diluted by fresh water from the land.
	www.geoscapesphotography.com /ca-drakesestero.htm (103 words)

	The Inyo Register (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is a valley about 9 miles long and 1 mile wide, ringed by granite walls and spires towering 2,000 feet.
		When the valley was inundated in 1923 to provide water to San Francisco, it was assumed it would remain submerged forever.
		These stumps, say researchers, could serve as benchmarks for planting a new forest in the valley; oaks could be planted among the oak stumps, and pines among the pine stumps.
	www.inyoregister.com /articles/2005/01/04/news/3new01.txt (1272 words)

	Drownings declining
		Drowning calls peak during the summer months, said Phoenix Assistant Fire Chief Bob Khan.
		Across the Valley, 17 children drowned in 2003, compared with 20 the previous year.
		Phoenix firefighters have been dispatched to 17 child drowning calls that resulted in three fatalities within Phoenix city limits so far this year, according to statistics.
	www.azcentral.com /specials/special21/articles/0713summerdrown13.html (617 words)

	U.S. Geological Survey Studies in the New York Bight
		The principal topographic feature of the region is the Hudson Shelf Valley, the drowned channel of the Hudson River that was formed at lower stands of sea level.
		A field experiment was conducted during the winter of 1999-2000 to investigate the transport of sediments and associated pollutants in the coastal waters offshore of the New York - New Jersey metropolitan region.
		The experiment was designed to observe sediment transport and circulation in the vicinity of the Hudson Shelf Valley, a 20-m deep valley that extends from the shelf edge across the continental shelf to water depths of about 20 m, terminating near several historical dumpsites.
	woodshole.er.usgs.gov /project-pages/newyork (1203 words)

	BBC - Wales - The Lost Valleys
		Her knowledge of the area's history is second to none and she has a collection of old photographs, Welsh hats and sheet music dating back many generations.
		The flooding of the Cwm Elan and Nant Gwyllt valleys.
		When the Birmingham Corporation built the dams in the Elan Valley, my great grandparents lived on the hill in 'Henfron' and looked down on the beautiful valleys.
	www.bbc.co.uk /wales/capturewales/background/betty-davies.shtml (365 words)

	Subsurface Evaluations, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A valley excavated In limestone or formed by collapse of the roof of a cave and subsequently submerged by a rise in sea level.
		Limestone or dolomite composed of coral or shell sand or of grains derived from the disintegration and erosion of older limestones.
		A valley formed by collapse of the roof of a long fairly straight cave; a karat valley.
	subsurfaceevaluations.com /pagec.html (1303 words)

	DROWNED VALLEYS - 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
		The drowning of a valley may be due to a rise of sea level or to a combination of this rise and actual subsidence of the land.
		The other essential feature is a slow rate of sedimentation so that the newly created drowned valley is not filled with sediments as quickly as it is drowned.
		Drowned valleys are commonly irregular in outline owing to tributaries of the main valley being also drowned.
	www.teara.govt.nz /1966/D/DrownedValleys/DrownedValleys/en (342 words)

	1987 Field Report (Part 4) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		About 250 m south of the mouth of the drowned valley on the east side there is a constriction in the drowned, water-filled valley off Hutchison Bay.
		It overlooks the south end of a drained lake, about 100 m east of the drowned valley and 500 m north of NjTm-1, a site found in 1986 on the north side of a small creek at the south end of the valley.
		It was found on a sandy exposure at the edge of a low, west-facing terrace on the east side of the drowned valley near its mouth on Hutchison Bay.
	www.canadianarchaeology.com /canadianarchaeology/cmcc/Leblanc/1987/LeBl87-5.htm (678 words)

	[No title]
		A. a drowned river valley or river mouth B. an enclosed body of water near the coast C. an embayment where fresh water runoff and ocean salt water are mixed.
		A. an estuary where a salt water tongue overrides fresh water coming from a river B. an estuary that is full of salt water from the ocean C. an estuary in which river runoff has driven out all salt water D. an estuary in which a tongue of salt water forms along the bottom 11.
		The four types of estuary are: A. drowned river valley, meteoric, bar-built, subsiding B. drowned river valley, fjord, bar-built, tectonic C. drowned river valley, salt wedge, stratified, subsiding D. drowned river valley, erosional, volcanic, salt marsh 12.
	www-ocean.tamu.edu /Courses/251_WSager/MT3_key.doc (1856 words)

	Lake Sonoma Dam: Drowns Plants -- Native American Basketry
		California archaeologists protested weakly, for this would also drown some old sites they were interested in -- traditional Pomo village and ceremonial centers not yet studied by their methods of concentration on the dead fragments of the past.
		oyote Valley was a Pomo reservation where the people had succeeded in buying 7 acres of land in the late 1800's, and hung onto it until losing it to mortgage foreclosure in 1928.
		A "revision" of the site assessment, the to-be-drowned valley, published a year after after the women had begun their work, still reflects the study of a dead past angle of the academics:
	www.kstrom.net /isk/art/basket/warmdam.html (1900 words)

	New resident drowns on raft trip - June 29, 2004
		A former Portland-area man celebrating his weekend move to the Rogue Valley drowned Monday in the upper Rogue River while rafting with his family, authorities said.
		David G. Hernandez, 38, apparently drowned after falling off a "Ski Biscuit" inner tube and becoming entangled in about 50 feet of rope attached to it, according to the Jackson County Sheriff’s Department.
		Hernandez’s body was found without a life jacket and his feet were pointing upstream, leaving Puckett — a former marine deputy — to say it is very possible that the downstream force of the water stripped off his jacket.
	www.mailtribune.com /archive/2004/0629/local/stories/06local.htm (362 words)

	Child drownings down 60% in Phoenix
		Child drownings in Phoenix have dropped 60 percent so far this year, and officials say they are "pessimistically optimistic" the trend will continue through the summer.
		But water-safety advocates point out that drownings Valley-wide are on a par with this time last year, and say that campaigns pushing people to watch children around water and to fence pools need to continue with the same intensity as in prior years.
		So far this year, seven Valley children have drowned, about the same as last year.
	www.azcentral.com /specials/special21/articles/0531phxdrown31.html (225 words)

	NATURE. Life in Death Valley. Earth to Mars . . . \| PBS
		If we were to travel twenty thousand years back in time, we would find Death Valley drowned by a vast lake, 600 feet deep.
		Having identified the "signature" of Death Valley's microorganisms, she is now hoping that through the use of remote satellite techniques, similar mineral signatures may be identified on Mars.
		With Death Valley as a natural laboratory, the answer to that question may no longer be light-years away.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/nature/deathvalley/mars2.html (404 words)

	NATURE. Life in Death Valley. Printable Page \| PBS
		NATURE's LIFE IN DEATH VALLEY transports viewers to the otherworldly desert realm of a national park whose landscape is reminiscent of the Red Planet.
		Steering her gaze away from the heavens and downward into the salt-encrusted mud of Death Valley's salt pan, Dr. Douglas is finding that the bacteria living there may provide clues to extraterrestrial life.
		In the heat of summer, Death Valley roasts in temperatures greater than 120 degrees, cool when compared with the surface temperature of the salt pan.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/nature/deathvalley/print/mars.html (780 words)

	GEOLOGY 334 FIELD TRIP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Evidence for submergence of the coastline is seen in the wide flat bottom of the river valley, which actually is an estuary that is directly influenced by daily tides.
		The river valley was carved by erosion when global sea level was about 150 meters lower than it is today (100’s of thousands of years ago), and later the valley was filled in with a thick accumulation of tidal sediments as sea level rose during the past 10,000 years (Holocene).
		The sandstone upper part of each package is abruptly overlain by distal marine mudstone and turbidites, representing a relatively rapid drowning of the near-coastal area that could occur by switching of a delta channel away from that position at that time.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~dogsci/dorsey/geo334/FieldGuide.html (1966 words)

	Bay Model Visitor Center
		WHO WE Today the Bay has distinguishing characteristics of a drowned valley.
		The Bay consists of several deep channels, which mark the courses of the principal streams that flowed through the valley before it was drowned.
		The sea nibbled at the Golden Gate delta, creeping slowly through the gate, drowning gorges and valleys and created tidal marshes.
	www.spn.usace.army.mil /bmvc/bmjourney/bay_delta/formation.html (386 words)

	AONB - Tamar Valley page 1
		In the middle valleys where the ridges are wide the high land has an almost plateau character and there is a feeling of remoteness and solitude.
		People have lived in the Tamar Valley for centuries, and the diverse scenery reflects the impact of their activities in an area rich in natural resources.
		Field patterns disclose ancient farming practices, disused mine workings reveal intensive mining activity during the 18th century, and old orchards scattered on the warm, south-facing valley slopes are the remnants of market gardens that were widespread in the area at the beginning of the 20th century.
	www.countryside.gov.uk /LAR/Landscape/DL/aonbs/aonb_tamar.asp?printable=true (211 words)

	Washington Mountains
		The relief map of the state of Washington (located in the northwest corner of the contiguous United State) is dominated by the Cascade Mountain Range.
		(Maps are linked to their sources.) Running north-south about 100 to 200 miles from the ocean shore and deeply dissected by valleys carved by Pleistocene glaciers, especially on the west side of the range crest, it is bordered on the west by the Puget Sound lowlands and the lower Columbia River valley.
		A related term, ria, is a drowned river valley in an area of rolling coastal hills.
	home.comcast.net /~w.siegmund/Washington/WashingtonMountains (521 words)

	Natural Heritage Information Centre -- Tracks and maintains data on rare species in Ontario
		The Sixteen Mile C arm (353785) is almost completely occupied by an open, shallow pond; the Fifteen Mile C arm (370790) has a small valley mouth pond which has a transition into alluvial plain marshes and scrubland features w/ a series of levees and moderately devel.
		The latter 2 valleys are restricted to the north of a railway line.
		Area almost entirely forested w/ a series of intermediate aged communities which include till slope and valley associations and an extensive broad valley of the Fiftenn Mile C. Esc exposure is restricted, occurring only locally at its southern edge and at a small waterfall (R85EAG01ONCA).
	nhic.mnr.gov.on.ca /areas/areas_report.cfm?areaid=55 (433 words)

	GEO_PLATE_C-2.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the northern half of this view, relief is low, valleys are broad and shallow, and the drowned entrances at the coast are also broad and shallow (A).
		In the south, dissection of more resistant sandstone created narrow, entrenched meandering valleys (Figure C-2.1) that, when drowned, become steep narrow branching estuaries such as Broken Bay (B).
		The drowned meandering valley of Broken Bay (B) just north of the city of Sydney is an excellent example of a subaerial valley that has been submerged by rising sea level without substantial marine modification.
	daac.gsfc.nasa.gov /geomorphology/GEO_6/GEO_PLATE_C-2.HTML (649 words)

	BBC NEWS \| UK \| Wales \| City's apology for drowned valley
		"The drowning of the village of Capel Celyn in the Tryweryn valley was one of the most important political events in Wales in the twentieth century," said BBC Wales Welsh affairs editor Vaughan Roderick.
		The resolution - to go before Liverpool's full council - will express remorse for the decision to flood the valley and for the insensitive way in which the matter was handled by the authorities.
		His approach to the leader of the Liberal Democrat-controlled council led to the apology which is also backed by the Labour Party which controlled Liverpool at the time of the reservoirs construction.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/uk_news/wales/4331812.stm (557 words)

	Halawa Valley, Molokai: National Park Service Study
		The traditional Hawaiian way of life continued in the Halawa Valley well into the 20th century. It was not until 1957, when a huge tsunami pushed ocean waves far up the valley and left the taro crop ruined in their wake, that the valley was abandoned.
		Professional archeologists have attributed the Halawa Valley's cultural significance to its uniqueness in providing a more complete understanding of the initial phases of Hawaiian adaptation and cultural evolution. This gives the cultural resources at Halawa a significance beyond the valley itself. Halawa is significant also as an example of the evolution of Polynesian culture.
		With regard to the establishment of a unit of the national park system, the positions of most of the rest of the landowners in the Halawa Valley, about 40 in all, are unknown. Many of these owners are absentee and cannot be easily reached. Also, some of these parcels have multiple claims of ownership.
	www.nps.gov /pwro/piso/minkstdy/HalawaB.htm (2891 words)

	Hakioawa Ili (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hakioawa Ili consists of steep valleys and gullies from the summit at Lua Makika to the offshore areas.
		The drowned valley bottoms continue seaward into deeper water as sand channels.
		The major habitats consist of hardbotton and coral reef communities on the submerged ridges with unconsolidated material in the intervening drowned valley bottoms.
	cramp.wcc.hawaii.edu /study_sites/Kahoolawe/1._Hakioawa_Ili (859 words)

	Fact Sheet 102-98 - The Chesapeake Bay: Geologic Product of Rising Sea Level
		The Chesapeake Bay is the drowned, ancestral valley of the Susquehanna River; the bay is fed by runoff from tributaries of the Potomac, Patuxent, Rappahannock, and James Rivers (fig.
		By 15,000 years ago, the outer continental shelves had been submerged, and by 10,000 years ago, the main channel of the ancient Susquehanna River valley was flooded and became a narrow estuary.
		The Chesapeake Bay is the drowned ancestral valley of the Susquehanna River.
	pubs.usgs.gov /fs/fs102-98 (1981 words)

	3-year-old drowns in motel hot tub
		A 3-year-old boy from Apple Valley drowned in an Eagan motel hot tub on March 6.
		Saul Reyes-Perez was in the Days Inn pool area with his older brothers, ages 7 and 10, and his father was in the vicinity of the pool area when he drowned, police said.
		The Eagan Police Department, Dakota County Child Protection and the Dakota County Coroner’s Office are still investigating the circumstances surrounding the drowning.
	www.thisweek-online.com /2005/March/11drowned.html (227 words)

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