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Topic: Drum (communication)

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	Earth Drum Council
		Universal Heartbeat student's impressions of Drum and Dance Saturday.
		Earth Drum Council (EDC) was founded in 1990 to create opportunities for people from all walks of life to experience the universal heartbeat of the drum.
		Drumming and dance have played similar roles in cultures all over the world: celebration, communication, marking rites of passage, invoking religious ecstasy, and healing.
	www.earthdrum.com (461 words)

	Drum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Drums consist of at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drumskin, that is stretched over a shell and struck, either directly with parts of a player's body, or with some sort of implement such as a drumstick, to produce sound.
		The sound of a drum depends on several variables including shell shape, size, thickness of shell, materials of the shell, type of drumhead, tension of the drumhead, position of the drum, location, and how it is struck.
		Drums Database: A large database with numerous drum lessons and drumtabs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drum (567 words)

	Drum (communication) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There are different communication drum types, although they are all commonly known in Central Africa as "talking drums" or "message drums" and are capable of producing different tones as well as rhythms.
		The message-sending logs are not drums at all from the technical point of view, since they do not have a skin or membrane that would vibrate as they are beaten.
		The drum often has a narrow neck between the drum heads, across which stretch the sinews holding the skins; the drum will be held under one arm, which is squeezed down on the sinews to vary the tension in the drumheads and therefore the pitch of the sound.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drum_(communication) (766 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The axis of rotation of the drum 20 and the axis of rotation of the roller 30 are in substantially parallel spaced apart relationship.
		Thus, when the drum 20 is prevented from rotating and the device 10 is moved forwardly or rearwardly, the material 28 remains in a stationary condition relative to the device 10 and there is thus provided a scrubbing or cleaning action on the ground 100 in the manner of a conventional so-called squeeze mop.
		wherein the drum is rotatably mounted on a hollow axle whose interior communicates with the interior of the drum, and wherein the conduit connects the trough to the axle exterior to the drum whereby liquid flows into the drum though the hollow axle.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/37716.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3366 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The sound of a drum depends on several variables including shell shape, size, thickness of shell, materials of the shell, type of drumhead, position of the drum, location, and how it is struck.
		Drums are also played by percussionist's who skills can be called for in all areas of music from Classical to Heavy Rock and all areas in between.
		In the past, drums were used as a means of communication - see drum (communication).
	www.kisanji.org /?modulo=wikipedia&arg=drum (373 words)

	Drum (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Drum (tobacco) is a brand of tobacco manufactured by Imperial Tobacco.
		Drum is the name of several Welsh and many Scottish hills.
		Drum (2004 film) is a film about a journalist for Drum magazine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drum_(disambiguation) (185 words)

	Drumming, the Backbone
		Drums that are played together usually differ in their tone and pitch, so each can be heard distinctly throughout the performance.
		Drumming is considered a nighttime activity and may be heard in times of daylight only on days of rest, or periods of mourning which may last up to three months.
		Drums are known to transmit messages between Gods and their people and also are essential instruments in the ritual of healing.
	debate.uvm.edu /dreadlibrary/kahn.html (4513 words)

	Tapr: the drum (garamut slit-drum ) signals of the Maramba society- by Paul Yamngarpise Norman - 1997 Waigani seminar
		Communications by means of patterns transmitted by struck idiophones is well known and extensively documented.
		The 'B+NG' (garamut) as a means or form of non-verbal communication also made it possible for people to interpret certain messages being transmitted and also the interpretations of the sounds, codes and the different kinds of patterns of beats being performed or employed and only well-skilled people handle the Garamut.
		The question of when and how it is used to communicate is that; it is used during important occasions such as signify or commemorate the death of a kinsman or kinswoman.
	www.pngbuai.com /600technology/information/waigani/drums/WS97-sec7-Norman2.html (981 words)

	CPL 02-01-036 - CPL 2-1.36 - Interim Inspection Procedures During Communication Tower Construction Activities (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The hoist drum shall be capable of raising or lowering 125% of the rated load of the hoist.
		The hoist drum shall have a positive means of attaching the wire rope to the drum.
		Static brakes shall be provided to prevent the drum from rotating in the lowering direction and shall be capable of holding the rated load indefinitely without attention from the operator.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=DIRECTIVES&p_id=2770 (3767 words)

	Message Drums (Site not responding. Last check: )
		If they wanted the drum to be able to make a lower note and a higher note, they would hollow it out more under one lip than under the other.
		Technically speaking, the message-sending logs are not drums at all, since they do not have a thin skin or membrane that vibrates when they are beaten.
		A wooden "tongue drum" is ideal, since this is basically a small box version of a slit gong, but any drums that can produce two or three different pitches (a set of bongos for example) will do.
	cnx.org /content/m11422/latest (1247 words)

	Music & Communication - African Talking Drum - African Culture
		Talking drums which are hourglass shaped and have each end covered in animal hide are usually carved out of hard wood.
		Along the outside of the drum between each end run several strings that can be squeezed by the drummer to change the pitch of the tune.
		During specific initiations, drums were used to ‘talk out’ the knowledge that was going to be passed onto the group that was being initiated.
	www.bellaonline.com /articles/art20431.asp (868 words)

	John Hankinson's Alternative Communication Page
		Caving is a pastime where communicating with a whistle is sometimes necessary when voices cannot be heard (for example near waterfalls) (Australian Speleological Federation Inc, 1990).
		Drum communication methods (along with whistle languages discussed below) are not languages in their own right, they are often merely based on actual natural languages (CHAINS 1997).
		In central and east Africa, drum patterns represent the stresses, syllable lengths and relative pitch and tone of the particular African language (Adler 1979b).
	www-users.cs.york.ac.uk /~alistair/research/dphil/jckh/altcomm.html (2291 words)

	OSMOREGULATION
		These introductions have demonstrated the ability of the red drum to adapt to a diverse range of environmental conditions (marine and fresh waters); the fish have exhibited rapid growth rates.
		Red drum fit the profile of an excellent aquaculture candidate: hatchery technology is well established; fry readily accept commercial trout/salmon diets; growth rates are rapid in marine and fresh waters.
		However, additional information is needed to successfully culture red drum commercially: optimum ionic profile for fresh water versus a minimum osmotic need with respect to total dissolved solids; red drum performance on commercially available feed in terms of growth rate and food conversion efficiency; freshwater survival and growth; crowding tolerance; and size requirements for stock-out.
	www.ca.uky.edu /wkrec/RedDrumPhysiology.htm (4484 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This drum bypass line 80 is used during start-up, using the feedwater pump 38 to create a driving head to cause water to circulate in the tubes 26 of the evaporator 16.
		Water goes from the drum 12, down the downcomer 22, to the inlet header 24 of the evaporator 16, and through the tubes 26 of the evaporator 16, where some of the water is converted to steam.
		The circulation from the drum 12, through the evaporator 16, and back to the drum 12 is driven by the difference between the density of the water in the downcomer 22 and the density of the water/steam mixture in the riser 28 over the height of the riser 28.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/49493.981105&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4129 words)

	Tom-tom drum - TheBestLinks.com - Rototom, Communication, Drum, Drum kit, ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The tom-tom drum was added to the drum kit in the early part of the 20th century.
		As major drum manufacturers began to offer tunable tom-toms with hoops and tuning lugs, a 12" drum 8" deep became standard, mounted on the left side of the bass drum.
		Together with a 14" snare drum and a bass drum of varying size, these three made up the standard kit of five drums for most of the second half of the 20th century.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Rototom.html (775 words)

	Chapter 5: Speech and Communication Problems
		Given the complexities associated with communication in terms of the physical, cognitive, and emotional demands that are made, it is impressing how infrequently problems occur.
		These are attached to the ear drum and conduct vibrations from the ear-drum to the cochlea.
		The drum itself is a very thin membrane and as such, it is very fragile.
	www.as.wvu.edu /~bpatters/lsc4.htm (4555 words)

	George N. Parks Drum Major Academy
		Professor Parks is the nation's foremost authority on the art of drum majoring, and brings 30 years of teaching and performing experience to the Drum Major Academy, instructing over 3000 drum major and band leadership students each year.
		The Dynamic Drum Major is filled with pictures, diagrams, and detailed information which is based on over fifteen years of performing and teaching experience.
		Drum Major Academy students will be using The Dynamic Drum Major throughout the course of the Academy for reference and regular reading assignments.
	www.drummajor.org /index.php?page=curriculum (758 words)

	Drum Brothers & Satsang Music
		Over the years, they have brought World rhythm and drumming into schools and educational centers for children and adults, they have drummed with trouble youth, disabled people, bereaved children, and cancer survivors, and they have sparked many ongoing community rhythm circles in cities around the Northwest and in Canada.
		It is constructed with a goat skin head, adjustable rope lacing (which tunes the drum), and binding rings that are wrapped with fabric in colors that the builder chooses.
		Those who register to build a drum will be making a 12"x 24" ashiko drum with a cedar or hardwood shell and a goat skin head in addition to participating in the classes offered.
	www.drumbrothers.com /workshops.htm (1522 words)

	Drum Cafe Australia - Corporate drumming, team bonding, team building, conference, events, leadership, stress release, ...
		Drum Cafe Australia - Corporate drumming, team bonding, team building, conference, events, leadership, stress release, group bonding, synchronizing of thought processes and breaking down of barriers.
		Interactive drumming is a cutting edge tool increasingly being used in the business environment to develop unity in the workplace.
		For centuries people have used drumming to release stress, raise their spirits, enhance clarity and focus, and develop a culture of co-operation and community.
	www.drumcafe.com.au (352 words)

	MIDI Drum Machine MIDI Details
		When I designed the MIDI drum machine, I obtained the MIDI 1.0 Specification from appendix A of "The MIDI Manual", by David Miles Huber, SAMS 1991, ISBN 0-672-22757-6, which Rod checked out from the Oregon State University Library.
		MIDI communication is async serial, 8-N-1 format at 31250 baud, using a opto-isolated current loop circuit.
		MIDI communication consists of messages, which are usually short groups of bytes, where the first byte has its Most Significant Bit (MSB) set (128 to 255) and the following bytes of the message have their MSB clear (0 to 127).
	www.pjrc.com /tech/midi-drums/midi.html (676 words)

	Kappa Kappa Psi \| Alpha Omicron (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Communication is the key to success in reaching those goals, communication not only within one's chapter but between his chapter and others in the district and the nation.
		The "drum" is the brainchild of Brother Richard Broyles, District VI president, who thought it would be a great idea to draw the district chapters closer together.
		Finishing touches, such as decals, were added to the drum heads; and the log book was prepared to record the drum's travels.
	www.orgs.ttu.edu /kappakappapsi/drum.htm (309 words)

	Drum - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A drum is a musical percussion instrument, consisting of a membrane which is usually stretched taut over a cylindrical tube that is open at the other end.
		A drummer is a person who plays the drums.
		In most popular music and jazz, drums or drummer usually refer to a drum kit.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /d/dr/drum.html (146 words)

	UNICEF - Life skills - The Communication Initiative - The Drum Beat
		The Communication Initiative is a partnership of development organizations seeking to support advances in the effectiveness and scale of communication interventions for positive international development.
		Since 1998, the Initiative has produced "The Drum Beat", an e-mail and web network connecting programmes, data, materials, people and media sources from communication, development and change organizations.
		The Drum Beat has archived numerous HIV/AIDS prevention campaigns as well as communication initiatives directed at young people around the world.
	www.unicef.org /lifeskills/index_8397.html (86 words)

	The Drum Beat - Issue 157 - Communication for Polio Eradication
		Provides the generic terms of reference for polio communication consultants and a report outline that is recommended for consultants.
		Focused on the remaining challenges of the Polio Eradication Initiative: reaching the hard-to-reach, communication strategies in conflict countries, communication in micro-planning, cross-border and synchronised NIDs, strengthening communication skills of service providers, communication for community based surveillance, and communicating on immunisation after certification.
		Focus was on the remaining communication bottlenecks, mainly in sub-Saharan countries, and the implementation of lessons learned to stop polio transmission by the end of 2002.
	www.disabilityworld.org /06-08_02/resources/drumbeat.shtml (1119 words)

	Wilderness Drum > Wilderness Books > Medicine > Patient Communication
		One of the least discussed aspects of wilderness or survival medicine is the need for communication between the caregiver and the patient, especially in situations that appear frightening and desperate.
		But the sections on patient communication, scene safety and control, techniques for physical and emotional self-preservation, and the psychological impact of trauma on both patient and caregiver are all first-rate.
		The child's doctors ascribed her seizures to the misfiring of her cerebral neurons; her parents called her illness qaug dab peg — the spirit catches you and you fall down — and ascribed it to the wandering of her soul.
	www.wildernessdrum.com /html/communication_books.html (677 words)

	The Drum Beat 340 - MDG #2 - Achieving Universal Primary Education
		This issue of the Drum Beat explores how communication is being used strategically to help meet this Goal - by increasing the numbers of children who are able to attend and stay in school, and by enhancing the quality of that education.
		In response, Ibis is undertaking this 6-year (2004-2009) programme to protect the right to and quality of education on the part of children, particularly girls, between the ages of 6 and 15 living in refugee camps and in rural communities.
		Located either at a municipal school, community space, place of worship or a teacher's home, Pratham's Balwadi programme aims to expose unreached children (ages 3-5 years) from low-income families to early childhood education.
	www.comminit.com /drum_beat.html (2053 words)

	Drums as vibration? \| Ask MetaFilter (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The membrane is like a drum head which is moved electrically rather than mechanically such as with a stick or hand.
		Saying "drums as communication" is like saying "voice as communication," there's alot more to both than that.
		A membrane-barometer is a type of drum that responds to air pressure (it's being beaten by molecules rather than with drumsticks, and the shape of the "drum" (membrane) converted to a scaled output)
	ask.metafilter.com /mefi/25085 (1677 words)

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