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	Drumlin field - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		A drumlin field is a cluster of dozens to hundreds of similarly shaped, sized and oriented drumlins.
		Drumlins are one type of landform that indicate continental ice sheet glaciation.
		As one looks at drumlins farther west, in the Rochester, New York area, it is seen that the drumlins show a turn to the west of south, and as one approaches the Niagara River, the drumlins align almost westward.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Drumlin_field (346 words)

	Drumlin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A drumlin (Gaelic druim the crest of a hill) is an elongated whale-shaped (A local and well-defined elevation of the land) hill formed by (Click link for more info and facts about glacial) glacial action.
		Drumlins may be more than 150 ft (45 m) high and more than 1/2 mi (.8 km) long, and are often in (Click link for more info and facts about drumlin field) drumlin fields of similarly shaped, sized and oriented hills.
		Drumlins usually have layers indicating that the material was repeatedly added to a core, which may be of (Material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust) rock or (Click link for more info and facts about glacial till) glacial till.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/D/Dr/Drumlin.htm (381 words)

	drumlin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlins rarely occur singly, they are found in what are termed drumlin fields.
		Drumlin crests are zones of low pressure while the troughs between the drumlins are zones of high pressure.
		This image of the Kresky drumlin field was obtained in the absence of the glacier 2 years ago.
	www.brookes.ac.uk /geology/8361/2002/matt/drumlins.htm (264 words)

	ABSTRACT: The Yarmouth drumlin field, Nova Scotia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		An analysis of the drumlin shapes indicated that in the majority of cases the stoss end is on the southern extremity of the drumlin.
		The drumlin field is anomalous in other respects in that the drumlin density is very low compared with other fields, and granulometric analysis showed that the drumlins are composed of coarse-grained material with only minor amounts of clay.
		It was suggested that the drumlins were originally formed by south to south-easterly flowing ice but during a later phase of glaciation a local center of outflow, probably short-lived, developed south of Yarmouth on the continental shelf, and the drumlins were reshaped by ice flowing toward the north prior to the disappearance of this center.
	cgrg.geog.uvic.ca /abstracts/GravenorTheThe1974.html (215 words)

	GIS BASED ANALYSIS OF THE CHAUTAUQUA DRUMLIN FIELD, NORTHWEST PENNSYLVANIA AND WESTERN NEW YORK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Chautauqua drumlin field is an inadequately studied streamline field in the Late Pleistocene Kent ground moraine deposited by the Cary advance of the Erie Ice Lobe.
		Drumlins occur in uplands ranging in elevation from 346 to 628 m and hold a mean height of 24 m.
		Drumlins are oriented at 110 to 180 degrees with elongation ratios averaging 0.32.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_61061.htm (361 words)

	Annen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlins from the two glacial lobes are similar in terms of length, width, nearest neighbor proximity and width/length ratios, but differed in contour relief.
		Drumlins in southeastern Wisconsin and west-central New York were formed under separate lobes of the Wisconsinan Laurentide ice sheet (Figures 2a, 2b).
		Drumlins in the two glacial lobes differ significantly on the basis of length, width, and relief, but are similar for nearest neighbor proximity, density and width/length ratios.
	www.uwlax.edu /faculty/wilder/Annen.html (855 words)

	Glacial Virtual Field Trip: Drumlin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlins are glacial deposits that are characteristic of continental glaciers.
		Individual drumlins are, on average, a mile long and have a height of thirty meters.
		This indicates that drumlins may be related to either stress differences under the ice sheet, or perhaps related to sub-glacial water discharge from under a glacier.
	www.uwm.edu /~caberg/mtp5/virft/glacial/drumlin.shtml (214 words)

	Drumlins and subglacial meltwater floods
		The Livingstone Lake drumlin field in Saskatchewan, where some very striking examples of streamlining occur, was the type region for the development of the new theory [Shaw et al., 1984].
		Patterns of flow of the drumlins would probably tend to converge towards the region of failure of the confined reservoir in the subglacial meltwater outburst hypothesis, which is contrary to observations of the patterns of flow typical of the drumlins.
		After the drumlins were formed, a pattern of smaller flutes was imposed on the streamlined landscape, with a different orientation, so that the axes of the flutings were offset from the axes of the drumlins.
	www.sentex.net /~tcc/sgfcrit.html (2849 words)

	Canadian Communities Atlas
		This belt is called The Peterborough drumlin field because the city of Peterborough lies in the geographical center of the field, also most of the drumlins are concentrated in Peterborough county.
		The general orientation of the drumlin axes occupying the Peterborough field are from north east to south west.
		The drumlins here are mainly composed of highly calcareous till but there are local differences; as in toward the south, along the border of the interlobate area and in the western part of the field, the till is some what more sandy.
	www.durham.edu.on.ca /brockhs/physgeog/geopage/geopage.htm (574 words)

	Regional Landscape
		Drumlins on ground moraine of acidic, rocky loams; aspen-birch forest and conifer swamps.
		Between the drumlins are narrow or broad depressions with very poorly drained soils; these account for nearly half of the surface area of the subsection.
		Soils of the drumlin fields are classified as Ochrepts, Aquepts, and Hemists; those of the outwash are Orthents, Orthods, Ochrepts, and Psamments (Cummins and Grigal 1981).
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/habitat/rlandscp/sub10-3.htm (580 words)

	drumlins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		On the till plains in Branch, Kalamazoo, Antrim, Charlevoix, Menominee, and Iron counties, and on the plains of Cheboygan, Presque Isle, and Alpena counties, are curious long cigar-shaped hills known as drumlins.
		One of the largest and most widespread drumlin fields in the midwest lies in the NW Lower peninsula, centered on Antrim and Charlevoix Counties.
		The drumlin field is cut into many smaller pieces by deep (dry) valleys, some of which contain long narow lakes such as Torch Lake and Lake Bellaire.
	www.geo.msu.edu /geo333/drumlins.html (331 words)

	Geologic History and Geomorphology - GIS - Otter Tail County Minnesota
		The geomorphic landforms in Otter Tail County are drumlin fields, stagnation moraines, till plains, pitted outwash plains, kame moraines, and glacial lake plains (Hobbs and Goebel, 1982).
		In Otter Tail County, the drumlins are in the northeast corner and near the Todd and Wadena County lines south of the Leaf River.
		The Wadena Drumlin Field consists of a series of low, smooth, elongated oval hills and broad, nearly level depressions that are oriented from east to west.
	www.co.otter-tail.mn.us /gis/soilsurvey07geologic.php (1228 words)

	The Role of Vortices in Drumlin Formation
		The rogen ridges associated with drumlins in some regions are similar in form to giant current ripples, which are transverse bedforms generated by vortices that acted as rollers in former currents.
		In my model [Cox, 1979] the sediment involved in the formation of drumlins was probably not unconsolidated drift, but unconsolidated sediment of the type that occurs in the bedrock of the regions where drumlins occur, which must have been unconsolidated when the patterns of drumlins formed, and lithified after the streamlining of the land surface.
		Drumlins with the same orientation, and similar form and dimensions, can have quite different composition, from bedrock, to part bedrock and part drift, and those entirely composed of drift, including layers of cross stratified sand and gravel.
	www.sentex.net /~tcc/vortices1.html (1319 words)

	Laurentian highlands - Ecological Classification System: Minnesota DNR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlin ridges, about a mile long, 1/4 mile wide, and 30 to 50 feet high are typical (Dept. of Soil Science, Univ. of Minnesota 1981b).
		Between the drumlins are narrow to broad depressions with very poorly drained soils.Almost 90% of the soils in the outwash plain are excessively drained sands; the remainder are very poorly drained.
		Soils of the drumlin fields are classified as Ochrepts, Aquepts, and Hemists, whereas those of the outwash are Orthents, Orthods, Ochrepts, and Psamments (Cummins and Grigal 1981).
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /ecs/laurentian/ecs_k.html (683 words)

	Talk:Drumlin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Is Glastonbury Tor in Somerset a drumlin, you geologists?
		It is described as conical, which would not be a drumlin shape.
		I added Minnesota to the list of places with Drumlins (there is a huge field of them, the Wadena Drumlin Range, in the southern part of the state), but instead of listing a bunch of states, perhaps a reference like "upper midwest" would be better?
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Drumlin (290 words)

	Drumlin - Enpsychlopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlins may be more than 150 ft (45 m) high and more than 1/2 mi (.8 km) long, and are often in drumlin fields of similarly shaped, sized and oriented hills.
		Drumlins usually have layers indicating that the material was repeatedly added to a core, which may be of rock or glacial till.
		Drumlins are common in New York, the lower Connecticut River valley, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Southern Ontario, Poland, Ireland, and Patagonia.
	www.grohol.com /psypsych/Drumlin (369 words)

	St. Lawrence University Geology Club (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlins are composed of a variety of materials including: (1) lodgement till, (2) bedrock, (3) deformed mixtures of till, sand and gravel, and (4) undeformed beds of sand and gravel.
		Drumlins are not uniformly distributed under the glacier and form in distinct fields which are sometimes called to as drumlin swarms.
		The greatest development of the New York drumlins was in conjunction with the following favourable conditions: (1) character of the strata providing an abundance of pasty till; (2) topography of the Ontario Basin and lowland; (3) the movement of the glacier controlled by the land features; and (4) thrust movement of the ground-contact ice.
	it.stlawu.edu /~geoclub/cumorah.html (365 words)

	MAS \| Nature Connection \| Drumlin Farm \| Camp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		They are mucking about in the barns, finding signs of wildlife in the forests and fields, exploring the waters of a pond, hiking up to the Drumlin, or enjoying the harvest of Boyce field.
		Drumlin Farm prides itself on providing forty summers of positive experiences for youth in the natural world.
		At Drumlin Farm, we focus on consistent high quality camp experiences for your son or daughter by insisting upon low camper to staff ratios, a highly trained and experienced staff, and a focus on building experiences that will last a lifetime.
	www.massaudubon.org /Nature_Connection/Sanctuaries/Drumlin_Farm/camp.php (429 words)

	Drumlin_Field (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlins are glacial features identified by their shape.
		Drumlins are long, tear-drop shaped hills usually composed of till.
		Although it unsure how drumlins are formed, the current thought is that as the glacier moved across past deposits, such as a kame, recessional moraine, or rock cores, it shaped the debris into the characteristic canoe shape.
	www.mukwonago.k12.wi.us /~michakr/Drumlin.htm (101 words)

	Virtual Field Trip, Stop 11: West Lawrencetown Section
		The drumlin "core" till (Hartlen Till) is derived from a flow across the Bay of Fundy termed the Caledonia Phase (Rampton et al.
		In fact, Grant (1963) hypothesized that all drumlins in Nova Scotia were formed as a result of warm-based, rapid ice stream flow, because the surrounding regions are characterized by locally derived, stony tills, presumably bypassed by the fast moving ice.
		Drumlin trends are strongly correlative with striae trends in Nova Scotia (Stea and Brown, 1989), and many drumlins were formed by local ice caps.
	www.gov.ns.ca /natr/meb/field/stop11.htm (1865 words)

	400,000 Dwellings (kavakava arhitektid) - Unbuilt Barcelona - Unbuilt Projects and Architecture of Spain
		Unploughed urban field awaits to be developed in an ecological and energy-saving way but, at the time of implantation we are given a chance to irrigate it in a more experiencial and emotional way - appealing to our senses.
		A drumlin is a streamlined, elongate hill with rounded top and tapered end pointing in the direction of glacier advance.
		Every drumlin is like an ecological power station - dwellers on drumlin skin accumulate energy in their households - solar, sound, bio-, kinetic (stepping on the ground), wind etc. Infrastructural network distributes energy surplus out to service facilities, public institutions and small industries.
	spain.archiseek.com /unbuilt/barcelona/400000/kavakava/index.html (1288 words)

	drumlins
		Drumlins are oriented parallel to glacial flow and perpendicular to the ice margin.
		Drumlins occur in groups or fields that trend parallel or transverse to flow.
		Drumlin spacing (measured transverse to flow) may range from less than 100 m to 1000 m but is usually uniform for a particular drumlin field.
	www.salemstate.edu /~lhanson/gls215/glac_drum.htm (581 words)

	Drumlin field (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Drumlin fields are one type of landform thatindicate continental ice sheet glaciation.
		There is evidence that the glacier did not advance in a straight line, but rather in the fashion of a tongue or lobe of ice.In the lower right of this image, the orientation of the drumlins show that the ice was moving east of south.
		As one looks atdrumlins farther west, in the Rochester, New YorkRochester area, it is seen that the drumlins show a turn to the westof south, and as one approaches the Niagara River, the drumlins alignalmost westward.
	www.therfcc.org /drumlin-field-74549.html (297 words)

	Images of Canada — Peterborough, Ontario (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		You will see a famous drumlin field, a gravel pit, shallow lakes and swamps, a peat farm, and some curious white streaks in one of the major lakes in the area.
		The general rule of thumb is that drumlins are forested on top and agricultural activity occurs around and between them.
		Also, some of the drumlins are completely surrounded or outlined by forest, which emphasizes their characteristic teardrop shapes.
	www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca /ccrs/learn/tour/28/28ont_e.html (848 words)

	Drumlins in Lake Ontario
		The orientation of the drumlins on the floor of Lake Ontario indicates a current flow from the northeast towards the southwest when they were formed.
		Drumlins were shown to be caused by currents of a great flood rather than ice-sheets in the writer's 1979 article Drumlins and Diluvial Currents.
		Drumlins were formed in the bedrock as the currents shaped the bed into forms that minimized turbulence.
	ssl3.sentex.ca /~tcc/LOD/lod.html (622 words)

	MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MENOMINEE DRUMLIN FIELD USING GIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Menominee Drumlin Field, located in the southern Upper Peninsula of Michigan, is characterized by regions of varying drumlin shapes and orientations.
		Raw data for discrete drumlin forms, including: length, width, height, complexity, and orientation were amassed from Digital Raster Graphics of each county containing the drumlin field.
		Drumlin shape was then derived from the data by using a formula for compactness, and further evaluated by visual interpretation.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2005NC/finalprogram/abstract_87091.htm (367 words)

	6th International Drumlin Symposium
		Field trip: morphology and internal structure of the Zbojno drumlin filed, ice marginal landsystem at Chrostkowo and Huta Chojno.
		Field trip: stratigraphy and composition of the Gorzno drumlin field, sedimentology of Weichselian deposits at Kurzetnik.
		Field trip: morphology and structure of the Elblag Upland drumlin field, sedimentology of Weichselian deposits at Gniew, morphology and internal composition of the Gniew drumlin field.
	www.geo.uni.torun.pl /www/aktual/8marca.htm (547 words)

	BGRG: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		They are composed of deformation till and form as a result of the squeezing of till into the low-pressure lee area behind a obstacle.
		Drumlins may be found in isolation, but they usually occur together in large numbers.
		Other classic examples of drumlin fields occur in Ireland, north Lancashire and the Eden valley in Cumbria.
	www.bgrg.org /pages/education/alevel/coldenvirons/Lesson%2016.htm (665 words)

	Glacial Rheology and its Implications for the Central and Western New York Drumlin Field Specifically at Chimney ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Glacial Rheology and its Implications for the Central and Western New York Drumlin Field Specifically at Chimney Bluffs, New Y
		The bedrock found around the southern shore of Lake Ontario, where the New York drumlin field is located, is mainly sedimentary rocks including limestones, shales, sandstones, and conglomerates that range from Ordovician to Devonian in age.
		By studying the micro and mesoscale sedimentary structures throughout the sediments in the drumlins at Chimney Bluffs, researchers determined that drumlins formed parallel to the ice flow, through both glaciotectonic faulting and folding of the layers, and through the transport of a deforming till layer beneath the ice sheet.
	pbisotopes.ess.sunysb.edu /classes/geo320-520/reports/grimes/Grimes.htm (1214 words)

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