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Topic: Dual Independent Map Encoding

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Geographic information system

United States Census Bureau

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	Census Bureau, Glossary
		The map displays the individual roads, streets, and nonstreet features (and their names, if any); selected legal boundaries; and, if appropriate, the city-style address ranges of the roads and streets and the census collection block numbers within and adjacent to the AA.
		Map pouch labels and large or color maps were printed in the regional census centers; AA maps, block maps, and other 11"x17" maps were printed in the LCOs.
		A Census Bureau map that displays a census block and a substantial amount of surrounding area, to help users, such as field staff, identify where the block is located and determine an efficient route of travel to the block.
	www.census.gov /dmd/www/glossary.html (11482 words)

	[No title]
		The latter format is known as DIME (Dual Independent Map Encoding) and is used, for exam- ple, by the U.S. Census Bureau in its 1990 Census TIGER map files.
		Note that in the trans- formed map (b) the areas of triangles within a given county are proportional to their areas in the original map (a).
		The statistical analysis of a density equalized map is straightforward, since under the null hypothesis of equal risk, the distribution of disease cases on such a map is expected to be uniform.
	merrill.olm.net /pdocs/asa91/short.txt.html (2130 words)

	MapMaker Glossary
		A map on which the 100- and 500-year floodplains, Base Flood Elevations, and risk premium zones are delineated to enable insurance agents to issue accurate flood insurance policies to homeowners in communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program.
		DIME files provide a schematic map of a city's streets, address ranges, and geostatistical codes relating to the Census Bureau's tabular statistical data.
		A statement of a measure on the map and the equivalent measure on the Earth's surface, often expressed as a representative fraction of distance, such as 1:24,000 (one unit of distance on the map represents 24,000 of the same units of distance on the Earth).
	www.nrdmapmaker.org /glossary.html (2881 words)

	GIS Glossary - Geographic Information Science (GIS)
		DIME files provide a schematic map of a city's states, address ranges and geostatistical codes relating to the census Bureau's tabular statistical data.
		Because of variations in the distribution of the mass and density of the earth's constituents, the geoid generally rises over the continents and is depressed in oceanic areas ; the geoid also conforms to various lumps and depressions that depart from average smoothness on the earth's surface.
		The mathematical framework of a map is comprised of a grid, or a graticule, or both.
	www.gisdevelopment.net /glossary/g.htm (1871 words)

	GIS Development Guides - Evaluating GIS Hardware and Software (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Online maps of a city can display emergency vehicles as moving dots on the map, their status (enroute to an emergency, awaiting a call, call completed, returning to base, etc.) indicated by different colors.
		Generally, this means maps and other descriptions of land parcels as well as the identification of who owns certain legal rights to the land (such as ownership, liens, easements, mortgages, and other legal interests).
		For example, at a map scale of 1:63,360 (1 inch=1 mile), it is difficult to represent areas smaller than 1/10 of a mile wide or 1/10 of a mile in length because they are only 1/1 0-inch wide or long on the map.
	www.archives.nysed.gov /a/nysaservices/ns_mgr_active_gisguides_glossary.shtml (6130 words)

	GIS Notes - Part 5
		A map is a set of points, lines, and areas that are defined both by their location in space with reference to a coordinate system and by their non-spatial attributes.
		Map data is stored in a computer in the form of files which must be accessed and cross-referenced quickly.
		Chain codes: Given a rasterized map the boundary of a region can be coded in terms of a user-defined origin (a particular row and column number) and a sequence of unit vectors in the cardinal directions (east=0, north=1, west=2, south=3) going clockwise.
	www.forestry.umt.edu /academics/courses/FOR503/Olddir/Part5.htm (2731 words)

	GIS Glossary
		Mapped data which seldom change and which are used repeatedly for locational reference and control.
		A map with areas colored or shaded such that the darkness or lightness of an area symbol is proportional to the density of the mapped phenomena or is symbolic of the class.
		A coordinate system is usually defined by a map projection, a spheroid of reference, a datum, one or more standard parallels, a central meridian, and possible shifts in the x- and y-directions to locate x,y positions of point, line, and area features.
	www.richlandmaps.com /training/glossary/a_d.html (6040 words)

	Map
		An engraved map of the holy city of Nippur, from the Kassite period (14th - 12 centuries BCE) of Babylonian history, was found at Nippur [1].
		The land on the map was divided into three parts by a T shape in which Asia occupied the top of the T area, Europe the bottom left and Africa the bottom right.
		Many maps have a scale, determining how large objects on the map are in relation to their actual size.
	www.websters-dictionary-online.net /definition/english/ma/map.html (6253 words)

	\documentstyle[11pt,epsfig]{article}
		DIME files provide a schematic map of a city's streets, address ranges, and geo-statistical codes relating to the Census Bureau's tabular statistical data.
		The layers in the Map Overlays list are counties, watersheds, towns, zipcodes, landfills, roads2, railroads, streams3, political townships, lakes and rivers, floodzones, natural areas, nature preserves, county lands, state lands, federal lands, soils, status: soils overage, and status: DOQ coverage.
		Many of the mapped broad areas contain more specific mapped information that becomes visible or selectable after the white box to the left of the broad area is selected with a left mouse click.
	www.hydra.iwr.msu.edu /ITteam/EPA5survey/gis_epa5_web.htm (6229 words)

	City of High Point NC, Municipal Government Website
		A coordinate system is usually defined by a map projection, a spheroid of reference, a datum, one or more standard parallels, a central meridian, and possible shifts in the x- and y-directions to locate x,y positions of point, line, and area features.
		A statement of a measure on the map and the equivalent measure on the Earth's surface, often expressed as a representative fraction of distance, such as 1:24,000 (one unit of distance on the map represents 24,000 of the same units of distance on the Earth).
		A map section is the data for one layer in one tile of a map library.
	gisweb.high-point.net /cfusion/glossary.cfm (12849 words)

	The GBF/DIME Case Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The DIME system was developed at the US Bureau of the Census in 1967, in preparation for the automation of geocoding of the 1970 census.
		DIME was a key tecnical development in the history of GIS, but the project also is very closely connected to the birth of many key organizations in the geodemographics industry.
		The GIS History Project has conducted some work on this case study, a a brief progress report on the DIME Case study has been written.
	www.ncgia.buffalo.edu /gishist/DIME.html (132 words)

	Wyoming State-Wide GIS Base Map (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Large-scale maps can be used for small-scale mapping purposes, but small-scale maps cannot (and should not) be used for large-scale mapping simply because this use of the data would go well beyond the resolution and accuracy of the map data.
		Because a map is a generalization of reality, the locational accuracy of data is important in that it provides a means for determining the data's useful range and maximum scale for mapping.
		When the same map is digitized and has a horizontal error of five feet, as compiled from the graphic, the combined known error between the graphic and the digital product would then be 15 or 25 feet, depending on which horizontal direction the error fell.
	wgiac.state.wy.us /files/other/breport.html (11032 words)

	Mapping Crime: Principle and Practice -- Chapter 4: Mapping Crime and Geographic Information Systems-Spatially enabling ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The shape of the lines on the map had to be precisely determined and annotated, creating the map's topology.
		The name given to this new block mapping process was dual independent map encoding (DIME) and, when combined with the address matching process, it was referred to as ACG/DIME.
		Although most map users may not understand the hit rate, a technical footnote reading, "X percent of cases were omitted due to technical problems, but, the police department considers the pattern shown to be representative of the total cases under consideration," may clarify the information.
	www.ncjrs.gov /html/nij/mapping/ch4_3.html (1346 words)

	DTM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		dual independent map encoding For the 1980 census, the U.S. Census Bureau produced Geographic Base Files (GBF) and Dual Independent Map Encoding (DIME) files,...
		DXF is an abbreviation for drawing interchange format, a file exchange format developed by Autodesk Inc...
		Elevation data in a 3 x 3 arcsecond grid form or a similar rectilinear form created by the Defense Mapping Agency.
	gisfigyelo.geocentrum.hu /lexikon/dtm_en.html (382 words)

	GIS Glossary
		Digitizing - refers to the process of manually converting an analog image or map or other graphic overlay into numerical format for use by a computer with the use of a digitizing table or tablet and tracing the input data with a cursor (see also scanning).
		DIME - Dual Independent Map Encoding Provides vector data such as streets to census data addresses.
		Map Projection - A mathematical model for converting locations on the earth's surface from spherical to planar coordinates, allowing flat maps to depict three dimensional features.
	www.cnr.umn.edu /fwcb/courses/FW5620/glossary.htm (6104 words)

	Geoplace Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		But the seeds of computer mapping had been sown by the Census Bureau's New Haven Census Use Study Team, which in 1967 created the Dual Independent Map Encoding (DIME) system that would allow map information to be stored in computers.
		Cooke knew that the DIME files would have to be enhanced if they were to have commercial value.
		In the past, the mapping aspect of the software was something that was outsourced, because the company didn't have anyone formally trained in GIS.
	www.geoplace.com /bg/2000/0500/0500nws2.asp (1020 words)

	DIME - Desktop Integrated Media Environment, Direct Internet Message Encapsulation, DIrect Memory Execute, Dual ...
		DIME is a acronym that can contains many meanings which are listed below.
		There may be many popular meanings for DIME with the most popular definition being that of Desktop Integrated Media Environment, Direct Internet Message Encapsulation, DIrect Memory Execute, Dual Independent Map Encoding
		DIME is also derived from Dual Independent Map Encoding
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/DIME.asp (263 words)

	MAXIMOG Specifications
		Imaging and Mapping workstation -- This is located in the rear seat console and has a dedicated 12” LCD operator display and custom operator controls.
		Backup system - A combination VHF aircraft transceiver and GPS moving map display (with Jepson aviation database cards) is available when the other systems have failed or as a tiebreaker in the case of unidentified gross position error on either primary system.
		Dual Induction cooking units (2.5 and 3.5Kw), on removable for use outside vehicle on extension power cable.
	www.maximog.com /specs.html (4066 words)

	UP696-023 Lecture #9 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		DLG (Digital Line Graphs) are derived from USGS topographic maps published as 30x60 minute quadrangles at 1:100,000 scale.
		The Bureau of Land Management e ditions of 1:100,000 scale maps or archival compilation materials are used when the USGS maps are not available.
		The DLG files derived from the 1:100,000 scale maps contain selected base categories of cartographic data in digital form.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~xliu/up696-023/note4w9.html (592 words)

	Robert Marx 2001 Inductee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Robert W. Marx, or "Bob" as he is better known to most in the profession, began his GIS career in the early 60's while a student in geography and urban planning at the University of Minnesota studying under Dr. John Borchert.
		To cover his educational expenses, Bob worked in the offices of Hodne Associates, Architects and Planners, preparing land use and comprehensive plan maps for small communities in Minnesota and Illinois under the auspices of the former "Section 701" program of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
		In this capacity, he used the precursor to modern automated GIS methods -- mylar base maps and clear overlays emblazoned with Zip-a-Tone shadings and Presstype letters to create the various "views" showing the combinations of information that went into the planning process.
	www.mngislis.org /lifetime_inductees/robert_marx.htm (290 words)

	Direction Assistance
		The most important is the street map, which covers an eleven square mile area of Boston centered on the Charles River.
		Our street map began as a DIME (Dual Independent Map Encoding) file distributed by the United States Geological Survey[1].
		A DIME file consists of a set of straight line segments, each with a name, a type, endpoints in longitude and latitude, and some additional information.
	www.econetwork.net /~jdavis/Papers/ML86/directions.html (5678 words)

	Tele Atlas - Press Release (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Tele Atlas, a leading global provider of digital map data and other geographic content, is proud to announce the publication of Don Cooke’s book, "Fun with GPS," in conjunction with ESRI Press.
		Cooke is one of the founders of digital mapping technology, and the founder of Geographic Data Technology (acquired by Tele Atlas in 2004).
		Cooke was a member of the New Haven Census Use Study team that developed the Dual Independent Map Encoding (DIME) system, which was the first practical application of topological data structures in computer mapping.
	www.geoplace.com /pressrelease/pressdetail.asp?id=10207 (781 words)

	ZoomInfo Web Summary: Don Cooke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Cooke was a member of the New Haven (CT) Census Use Study team that developed the Dual Independent Map Encoding (DIME) system, which was the first practical application of topological data structures in computer mapping.
		Cooke served on the URISA board of directors in the 1970s and was a member of the National Academy of Science's Mapping Science Committee from 1989 to 1993.
		Cooke is one of the founders of digital mapping technology, and the founder and president emeritus of Geographic Data Technology (acquired by Tele Atlas in 2004).
	www.zoominfo.com /directory/Cooke_Don_11540889.htm (1230 words)

	[No title]
		The USGS 1;100,000-scale maps met national map accuracy standards and use coordinates defined by the North American Datum, 1983.
		The Census Bureau added updates to the TIGER/Line files that enumerators annotated on map sheets prepared from the Census TIGER data base as they attempted to traverse every street feature shown on the 1990 census map sheets; the Bureau also made other corrections from updated map sheets supplied by local participants for Census Bureau programs.
		The precision allows features that are next to each other on the ground to be placed in the correct position, on the map, relative to each other, without overlap.
	tahoe.usgs.gov /files/census_meta.txt (622 words)

	Earth Observation Magazine
		Don Cooke is best known in mapping circles as the founder of data provider Geographic Data Technology, GDT, which was recently acquired by Tele Atlas.
		Before that he was a member of the Census Bureau team that developed the Dual Independent Map Encoding (DIME) system and co-founded Urban Data Processing, Inc, now Harte-Hanks Data Technologies, which supplies Marketing Customer Information File services and software to banks.
		Cooke served on the Board of Directors of URISA and was a member of the National Academy of Science’s Mapping Science Committee.
	www.eomonline.com /Common/Archives/2004augsep/04augsep_Interview.html (1066 words)

	temp\figure01 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		If there is a digital version of the tax maps or another representation of the property boundaries then the address can be accurately assigned to either the parcel polygon or centroid.
		This is the major approach to Geocoding in the United States and represents the basic approach developed by the Bureau of Census in the original DIME (Dual Independent Map Encoding) system implemented in the 1970 Census.
		It relies on a topologically structured file with from and to nodes and addresses ranges for both sides of the street.
	www.ncgia.ucsb.edu /education/curricula/giscc/units/u016/figures/figure09.html (174 words)

	Montgomery County GIS Metadata Details
		DTS used the Maryland State Highway Administration’s Grid Map (single line roadway database) as the base to cartographically (and spatially) enhance the coordinate values of the DIME file.
		(TIGER mapping scale was 1”=8,333’ with lower level of spatial accuracy.) The DIST GIS Team is working on a program to further enhance the coordinate accuracy of the database by using the 1”=200’ roadway centerline files, digital orthophoto images, and other digital engineering drawing files.
		In addition to end points and (intermediate) shape points recorded for each street segment, the database also carries attributes such as street name and address range for the segment, and the various administrative area codes for both sides of the segment.
	www.montgomerycountymd.gov /apps/gis/metadetail.asp?IdNum=38 (334 words)

	Geographic Base File/Dual Independent Map Encoding (GBF/DIME), 1980
		A Geographic Base File is a map in machine-readable form, and Dual Independent Map Encoding is the method used for this collection to encode map features in data files.
		Each record within a file identifies a segment of a map feature by its node points, address ranges, and geographic units (blocks, census tracts, places, counties).
		Records are included for non-street map features such as railroads, streams, and political boundaries, as well as for streets.
	webapp.icpsr.umich.edu /cocoon/ICPSR-STUDY/08378.xml (1174 words)

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