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Topic: Dual loyalty

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	Dual loyalty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A classic example of political dual loyalty is a person who is a dual citizen or who is an immigrant living in one country, although the term is sometimes used in connection with people that have religious, cultural or political ties to a political interest other than the country of their primary residence.
		As opposed to ethical dual loyalty, which is often a self-described situation, political dual loyalty typically appears as an attack or a pejorative accusation designed to target and discredit a particular person or group, and to call into question the loyalty of that group to the country where they reside.
		As such, the accusation of "dual loyalty" is often used or co-opted by racist or xenophobic groups within a country, regardless of the original intent of the accusation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dual_loyalty (842 words)

	NCCHC \| Publications & Products
		Dual loyalty is defined as conflict between professional duties to a patient and obligations, express or implied, real or perceived, to the interests of a third party such as an employer, an insurer or the state.
		This conflict of loyalties is a potent and common moral conflict for health care providers in military and institutional settings, and most health professionals who have worked in correctional institutions are familiar with the challenge of balancing their health professional obligations with the missions of security institutions.
		Dual loyalty conflicts can arise when the health workers’ professional ethics come into conflict with obligations to the institution even when the activities of the institution are perfectly lawful.
	www.ncchc.org /pubs/CC/dual_loyalties.html (2031 words)

	THE DEFINITION OF LOYALTY
		LOYALTY, as a general term, signifies a person’s devotion or sentiment of attachment to a particular object, which may be another person or group of persons, an ideal, a duty, or a cause.
		Political loyalty is devotion to, and identification with, a political cause or a political community, its institutions, basic laws, major political ideas, and general policy objectives.
		Loyalty to the laws of Athens, which brought him into the world and nurtured and educated him, was the chief motive of Socrates in accepting death at the hands of a regime that he had opposed and ridiculed, rather than fleeing from prison when given the chance to do so.
	www.worldfreeinternet.net /archive/arc3.htm (1139 words)

	Dual loyalty (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		'''Dual loyalty''' occurs when citizens of one state, in which cultural or religious affiliation with another country is strong, have a loyalty to the other country which equals or exceeds their loyalty to their home country.
		Accusations of Dual loyalty are often leveled against those of minority religious views who feel a loyalty to their faith as well as their country.
		Similarly, Catholics have been accused of Dual loyalty due to their affiliation with the Pope; in particular, this was widely urged in the United States as a reason not to vote for John F. Kennedy for president in 1960.
	dual-loyalty.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (241 words)

	Center for Immigration Studies
		So dual citizenship in the nineteenth century context was akin to putting individuals in a situation similar to contested territory, and states ended up fighting over their claim to individuals and these dispute could be quite intense.
		Dual citizenship involves people who are here as permanent residents already, so when we're looking at assimilation questions we're facing those questions outside of the citizenship context.
		So the sense of where is your prime loyalty has been raised consistently and it has been serving as a criteria of a polity which can require its members for its very being and identity and safety, that the prime loyalty in the case of conflict would be to the nation.
	www.cis.org /articles/2002/dualcitpanel.html (9662 words)

	Dual and Multiple Relationships In Military Psychology by Ofer Zur, Ph.D. and Steve Gonzalez, Psy.D., Lt. MSC, U.S. ...
		Other dual relationships unique to the military are those derived from the fact that the primary role of the psychologist is not that of a clinician but of an enlisted person.
		This is a unique dual relationship situation in which the military psychologist is faced with dual allegiances and dual loyalties.
		Dual relationships in the military stem from the isolated nature of the location of military bases and the fact that psychologists must report any concern about their individual client's fitness for duty or the possibility of threat to national security.
	www.drzur.com /dualmilitary.html (4844 words)

	Immigration news- News on Immigration law, immigration Visas,Immigration News Stories, Expert comments from Rajiv ...
		The loyalty with India will remain but they will also be loyal to the country where they have taken citizenship and will fulfill their responsibility.
		Dual citizenship is but the first step towards breaking down the boundaries that so artificially divide people on the basis of "allegiance" and such other high sounding words.
		Dual citizenship is certainly the first step towards achieving global citizenship which cuts across man-made borders, cultures, races, religions and languages.
	www.immigration.com /newsletter/dualcitizenship.html (2789 words)

	Dual loyalty (ethics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dual loyalty is a term used in the field of ethics to describe, a situation where a person has loyalty to two separate interests which potentially conflict with each other.
		A frequently cited example of the term "dual loyalty" is used in connection with physicians who must balance, on the one hand, the physician's loyalty to a patient (and/or the regulations that govern the physician-patient relationship), and on the other hand, the institution or country for which the physician serves.
		For example, a doctor who is asked by a government to assess a prisoner's fitness to withstand torture faces an enormous ethical dillema because of the competing loyalties of the doctor to the state versus the physican's code of ethics and his/her commitment to a patient's human rights.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dual_loyalty_(ethics) (181 words)

	WMA - Ethics Unit - What's New
		When physicians have responsibilities both to their patients and to a third party and when these responsibilities are incompatible, they find themselves in a situation of 'dual loyalty'.
		Dual loyalty situations comprise a spectrum ranging from those where society's interests should take precedence to those where the patient's interests are clearly paramount.
		A particular form of a dual loyalty issue is the potential or actual conflict of interest between a physician and a commercial entity on the one hand and patients and/or society on the other.
	www.wma.net /e/ethicsunit/whats_new_archives05.htm (1251 words)

	Sobran Column -- In Defense of Dual Loyalty
		He thought it was a tragic mistake, because it would call in question the loyalty of Diaspora Jews to their native countries.
		He thought the suspicion of “dual loyalty” was inevitable.
		Today the charge of dual loyalty is considered disreputable, so disreputable that it should never be entertained even as a possibility.
	www.sobran.com /columns/2003/030218.shtml (724 words)

	F L A M E HOTLINE: An e-newsletter delivering updates and analysis on current issues
		"Dual loyalty," the reproach or accusation that American Jews love Israel more than they love the United States, is one of the canards that is being rolled out by anti-Semites at every opportunity.
		Always a sensitive issue for American Jews, the accusation that they are guilty of “dual loyalty” because they feel as much allegiance to Israel as they do to America was never raised so painfully, or with as many repercussions, as it was by Pollard’s arrest and conviction.
		If “dual loyalty” turns out to be a problem then, this would be the kind of problem one can only wish for.
	www.factsandlogic.org /hotline_archive/flame_hotline_092104.html (947 words)

	Center for Immigration Studies
		Advocates of dual citizenship look to the past, and reassure us that we are unlikely to go to war over dual citizenship, as we did with the British in 1812 (Spiro, 1997, 1422-1423; see also David Martin, 1999, 20).
		Spiro is raising the spectre here that dual citizens might be treasonous because of their mixed loyalties in wartime, but asks us not to worry about this because democracies now rarely go to war.
		And increasingly, governments of dual-citizen-sending countries are taking steps to ensure that the loyalties and attachments that many immigrants feel for their country of origin are maintained and even stimulated.
	www.cis.org /articles/2001/paper20/renshon1812.html (1806 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion
		The public demand for dual citizenship of India and Pakistan cited above was made by an Indian nationalist, one of the last surviving members of the generation that had taken part in India’s struggle for freedom from British colonial rule.
		Their quest for dual citizenship was put down to all sorts of dubious motives, including a ploy to avoid visa fees.
		It is not clear how Prime Minister Vajpayee expects to have dual citizenship without dual loyalty, but in normal circumstances there need not be any conflict of loyalty between different manifestations of a person’s multiple identity.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1020904/asp/opinion/story_1163601.asp (1346 words)

	FOCUS - March 25, 2005 - MEDICAL PRACTICE - Dual Loyalties at Abu Ghraib: Squeezing Ethics out of Care (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		This pressure was the result of dual loyalties, conflicts between obligations to patients and obligations to a third party, which Rubenstein, Steven Miles, and Robert Jay Lifton said existed in the military prisons.
		Dual loyalty has historically been a problem, especially in relation to human rights.
		The loyalty conflicts in the detention centers were created by military orders, group pressure, and an atmosphere that thrived on dehumanizing prisoners.
	focus.hms.harvard.edu /2005/Mar25_2005/medical_practice.shtml (785 words)

	A Rose by Another Name
		Whether being pro-Israel, even pro right-wing Israel, constitutes having dual loyalties – that is, a desire to further Israel’s interests that equals or exceeds the desire to further U.S. interests – is obviously not easy to determine, but the record gives some clues.
		The Israeli commentator Akiva Eldar recently observed frankly in a Ha’aretz column that Perle, Feith, and their fellow strategists “are walking a fine line between their loyalty to American governments and Israeli interests.” The suggestion of dual loyalties is not a verboten subject in the Israeli press, as it is in the United States.
		All of these factors – the dual loyalties of an extensive network of policymakers allied with Israel, the influence of a fanatical wing of Christian fundamentalists, and oil – probably factor in more or less equally to the administration’s calculations on the Palestinian-Israeli situation and on war with Iraq.
	www.ifamericansknew.org /us_ints/nc-christisons1.html (3900 words)

	InterAction.org \| Library
		The report, entitled Dual Loyalty and Human Rights, highlights the problem of dual loyalty, where health professionals subordinate the best interests of their patients to the interests of the government.
		PHR described a recent example of the dual loyalty problem arising in South Africa when provincial health minister ordered Dr. Matthys von Mollendorff, a physician at a health clinic, to deny rape survivors the anti-retroviral drugs that were made available to him at no charge.
		While these approaches are often complementary, Dual Loyalty and Human Rights concludes that for health professionals a human rights framework provides a blueprint of a just and humane approach to these dilemmas that at its core articulates the principles of dignity and equality of every human being.
	www.interaction.org /library/detail.php?id=2210 (700 words)

	Carolina Mountain Real Estate
		This "dual agency relationship" is most likely to happen if an agent with Carolina Mountain Real Estate is working as a buyer's agent with someone who wants to purchase your property or if you become interested in a property listed with your buyer's agent or the agent's firm.
		It may be difficult for a dual agent to advance the interests of both the buyer and seller.
		If you choose the "dual agency" option, remember that since a dual agent's loyalty is divided between parties with competing interests, it is especially important that you have a clear understanding of
	www.carolinamountainrealestate.net /dualagency.html (255 words)

	More equal than others
		The statement is therefore quite clear: dual citizenship is not permitted under the Indian Constitution at present.
		The loyalty to India will remain but they will also remain loyal to the country where they have taken citizenship and will fulfil their responsibility.
		It is one more statement by the Indian ruling elite, that it now sees itself as part of a globalised world that is in effect independent of the rest of the Indian population, except for the right to profit by it and exercise political control over it.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/fline/fl1902/19021140.htm (1319 words)

	Yourish.com » The Pentagon charges Jews with dual loyalty
		The AIPAC case is being used as an excuse by the Pentagon to remove security clearances from Jews who have dual Israeli and American citizenship — or who have relatives in Israel.
		Schoen said his client fully disclosed the citizenship, the passport, and the family ties when he was first granted the clearance and was puzzled by the sudden claim that he was a security risk.
		The centuries-old canard of dual loyalty shows that it is alive and well, and living in the Pentagon.
	www.yourish.com /2006/05/18/1274 (1162 words)

	AAAS - Issue Briefs
		Dual Loyalty points out that "in the absence of clear imperatives accompanied by training and support, [medical professionals] understandably tend to follow cultural practices, some of which are built into law" (Dual Loyalty, 32).
		Using medical skills or expertise on behalf of the state or other third party to inflict pain or physical or psychological harm on an individual that is not a legitimate part of medical treatment.
		"In all circumstances where departure from undivided loyalty takes place, what is critical to the moral acceptability of such departures is the fairness and transparency of the balancing of conflicting interests, and the way in which such a balancing is, or is not, consistent with human rights" (Dual Loyalty, 3).
	shr.aaas.org /emerging_issues/healthprofessionalsandtorture.htm (1293 words)

	American Thinker: Charging Dual Loyalty for American Jews: Then and Now
		Either the charge of dual loyalty is always loathsome and has no place in American politics or it is not.
		I do not know precisely when this dual loyalty charge became acceptable to the moderate media but a few months earlier Tim Russert, set to be a major witness in the trial of Lewis I. Libby, set the ball rolling in this direction in a slightly more subtle fashion.
		Today, the charge of dual loyalty of the Jewish advisers of President Bush, implied by otherwise respected members of the press like Tim Russert and Chris Matthews and stated explicity by Joseph A. Wilson IV, finds no Jewish spokesmen who have condemned it.
	www.americanthinker.com /articles.php?article_id=5037 (1805 words)

	The Washington Monthly
		There was plenty of fear of dual loyalty during WWII directed at Japanese, German, and Italian USAmericans.
		I wasn't aware of 'dual loyalties' being a slur.
		Dual Loyalty is when you work for the US government, media, academia, or any other power base and advocate for YOUR ETHNICITY rather than your country.
	www.washingtonmonthly.com /archives/individual/2006_07/009249.php (11276 words)

	Tsunami marketing and dual loyalty! - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Loyalty is really what you make of it.
		Loyalty can be defined narrowly and loyalty can be defined in the language of today, the language of broad-minded interpretation.
		Loyalty in the commercial sense of the term is a narrow definition.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/jan312005/eb4.asp (989 words)

	MurthyDotCom : Dual Citizenship Possible for Indian Nationals
		The Prime Minister of India, Atal Behari Vajpayee, announced on January 8, 2002 that the Indian government had resolved the issue of dual citizenship for Indians living abroad.
		The Committee identified the U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, a large part of Europe, and Singapore for implementation of dual citizenship.
		we are in favor of dual citizenship, but not dual loyalty." He clarified that Indians settled abroad should have loyalty to their countries of residence, and act within their responsibilities as citizens of those countries.
	www.murthy.com /news/UDdualct.html (248 words)

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