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Topic: Duars

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	Bhutan - MSN Encarta
		The climate of the Duars tract is unhealthy; the valleys are hot and humid and the forested foothills are wet and misty.
		The northern part of the Duars, including the foothills, is rugged, irregular land that is covered with dense vegetation; deer, tigers, and other wild animals roam this area.
		The strongest concentration inhabits the narrow fringe of the Duars in the southern foothills near the Indian border.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761568123/Bhutan.html (2652 words)

	Bhutan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The entire country is mountainous except for an 8-10 mile (13-16 km) wide strip of subtropical plains in the extreme south which is intersected by valleys known as the Duars.
		As part of the reparations, the Duars were ceded to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in exchange for a rent of Rs. 50,000.
		The northern Duars, which abuts the Himalayan foothills, has rugged, sloping terrain and dry, porous soil with dense vegetation and abundant wildlife.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bhutan (5088 words)

	Bhutan - HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		During the latter part of this period, historical legends relate that the mighty king of Monyul invaded a southern region known as the Duars, subduing the regions of modern Assam, West Bengal, and Bihar in India.
		The Duar War (1864-65) lasted only five months and, despite some battlefield victories by Bhutanese forces, resulted in Bhutan's defeat, loss of part of its sovereign territory, and forced cession of formerly occupied territories.
		Under the terms of the Treaty of Sinchula, signed on November 11, 1865, Bhutan ceded territories in the Assam Duars and Bengal Duars, as well as the eighty-three-square-kilometer territory of Dewangiri in southeastern Bhutan, in return for an annual subsidy of 50,000 rupees.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/bhutan/HISTORY.html (5026 words)

	Bhutan - GEOGRAPHY
		Each flows swiftly out of the Himalayas, southerly through the Duars to join the Brahmaputra River in India, and thence through Bangladesh where the Brahmaputra (or Jamuna in Bangladesh) joins the mighty Ganges (or Padma in Bangladesh) to flow into the Bay of Bengal.
		In the Duars, where eight tributaries join it, the Drangme Chhu is called the Manas Chhu.
		The regions in the southern Duars valleys and eastern Bhutan around the fertile Tashigang Valley were the most populous areas.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/bhutan/GEOGRAPHY.html (3170 words)

	Bhutan, The mystical kingdom, Green Valley, Mt. Kula Kangri, Bhutan Nepal Tour, Thimpu Tour
		The Duars, a plain only 5-8 miles wide (8-13 km), are located along the Indian border and have a tropical climate.
		The northern section of the Duars is home to wildlife such as tigers and deer with its rugged, coarse terrain.
		The southern portion of the Duars is cultivated for rice, but had at one time been a jungle filled with bamboo.The Middle Himalayan region is part of the Himalayan range that spreads down from the north and surrounds rich, broad valleys.
	www.himalayanasia.com /bhutan.htm (1142 words)

	WORLD ENCYCLOPAEDIA - Bhutan - GEOGRAPHY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Most of the Duars Plain proper is located in India, and ten to fifteen kilometers penetrate inside Bhutan.
		The northern Duars, which abuts the Himalayan foothills, has rugged, slopping terrain and dry porous soil with dense vegetation and abundant wildlife.
		The southern Duars has moderately fertile soil, heavy savanna grass, dense mixed jungle, and freshwater springs.
	encyclopaedic.net /world/bhutan/14.php (629 words)

	worldsurface.com - sustainable tourism for backpackers and independent travellers
		The Himalayan ranges rise sharply and abruptly from the narrow Duars Plain, which controls access to the strategic passes (known as dwars or dooars) through the mountains leading into the fertile valleys of the Lesser Himalayas.
		Subject to excessive rainfall (between 200 and 300 inches a year), the entire Duars tract is unhealthy, hot, and steamy and is covered with dense semitropical forest and undergrowth.
		The southern part of the Duars bordering India is mostly covered with savanna (grassy parkland) and bamboo jungle.
	www.worldsurface.com /browse/static.asp?staticpageid=285 (659 words)

	Duars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Duars or Dooars are flood plains of the River Brahmaputra in the Indian states of Assam and West Bengal, and part of Bhutan.
		The name 'Dooars' is derived from the Bengali 'duar' or the English 'door', both meaning door, which signifies that this region used to be the entry point for the Bhutanese kingdom.
		In the 19th century, the British captured these areas from Bhutan and made them a part of India, which it has ever remained since.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duars (672 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Bhutan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The entire country is mountainous except for an 8-10 mile (13-16 km) wide strip of subtropical plains in the extreme south which is intersected by valleys known as the Duars.
		As part of the reparations, the Duars were ceded to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in exchange for a rent of Rs.
		Most of the Duars is located in India, although a 6–9 mile (10–15 km) wide strip extends into Bhutan.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Bhutan (4863 words)

	Himalayas - MSN Encarta
		Even today the mountains continue to develop and change, and earthquakes and tremors are frequent in the area.
		South of the foothills lies the Tarāi and Duars plains.
		The southern part of the Tarāi and Duars plains is heavily farmed.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761573695/Himalayas.html (998 words)

	Bhutan - Atlapedia Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It is bound by the Tibetan region of China to the north as well as India to the south, east and west.
		The country is almost entirely mountainous except for the southern Duars Plain that extends to India from the foothills of the Himalayas.
		The country is nearly divided equally into two by the Black Mountain Range with the land running down through the densely forested ridges and fertile, densely populated valleys to the low foothills that meet the Duars Plain.
	www.atlapedia.com /online/countries/bhutan.htm (1048 words)

	OWLS (CONTI....)
		Submontane tracts, duars, foothills, and up to 3200m: open forest of oak, rhododendron, fir, deodar, etc. Usually solo.
		Duars, foothills, and up to 2700m:tropical and subtropical evergreen jungle at low elevations; open oak, rhododendron and fir forest higher up (chiefly subspecies ‘austerum).
		Duars, foothills, and up to 1000 m: forest lining streams, and well-wooded country and groves often near habitations.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/diversification_of_birds/69888 (330 words)

	Welcome to the wonderful world of Jalpaiguri
		This land, often and commonly designated as Duars had often been included in the kingdoms of Bhutan and Cooch Behar.
		The name 'Duars' may have evolved from the word 'Doors' or passages.
		There were eighteen such passages which were used by the Bhutanese people to communicate with the riverine plains of the south for the cause of trade or barters.
	jalpaiguri.nic.in /culture.htm (695 words)

	History Channel Search Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A narrow plain along the S border, the Duars, is the country's only area of flat land.
		Ranges of the Himalayas rise abruptly from the plain and generally increase in elevation to the N, rising to the maximum elevation of Kula Kangri (7554 m/24,783 ft) on the Chinese border.
		Climate varies from subtropical on the Duars to a temperate climate, with cool winters and warm summers, in the mountain valleys.
	www.historychannel.com /thcsearch/thc_resourcedetail.do?encyc_id=202881 (969 words)

	Helptourism.com :: HELP TOURISM - Siliguri - Kolkata - New Delhi :: Birding Tour :: Duars - Tarai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Duars or the gateway to the hills of Nepal and Bhutan and northeast India is the area where Gorumara National Park and Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary is located in West Bengal.
		The area lying in the Himalayan foothills has great natural beauty and is home to some of the most varied flora and fauna.
		The Central Duars (Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary) can be accessed equally conveniently both from Alipuduar Junction and New Jalpaiguri.For Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary New Jalpaiguri or Alipurduar/Coachbehar is the nearest entry-point.
	www.helptourism.com /birding_duars.html (317 words)

	Untitled Document
		The soldiers of the escort were huddled together in a close chilly group behind us, and the children of the neighboring duars gazed out with sleepy eyes from behind the tents and hedges.
		It had been especially made at El Araish upon the model, I should say, of the first vehicle that ever appeared on the earth's surface; squat, heavy, ill-formed, with wheels composed of solid blocks of wood, and the most curious and absurd-looking harness that could possibly be imagined.
		But to the inhabitants of the duars, most of whom had in all probability never seen a wheeled vehicle before, it was a marvel.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/GeogHist/histories/histdocts/Biblio19/19/Amicis/1870morocco.html (1966 words)

	Lhop - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bhutanese believe them to be the aboriginal inhabitants of the country, although this claim has not be substantiated by anthropologists.
		The Lhop are found in the low valleys of Samtse and near Phuntsoling in the Duars.
		They are also known as the Lhops, Lhopu, or Lhokpu and speak a Tibeto-Burman language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Doya (183 words)

	Indigenous Day 2004
		They also came to work as wage labourers in the Duars tea plantations in Jalpaiguri district, close to the tea gardens in Bangladesh.
		According to a 1921 census, as many as 34,601 Mundas were working in the Duars tea estates as against 115,350 oraons and 23,488 santals, who too came from the same region.
		British settlement officers of the time reported from Ranchi that "large numbers of those who emigrate to Assam and the Duars return, if they are able to save a little money, and buy back the farms they had lost, or acquire some land in the vicinity".
	www.sdnpbd.org /sdi/international_days/Indigenous-people/2004/indigenous_people_bd/bangla_tribe15.html (1116 words)

	Noun Consistency
		it begins "the Duars are", I figured that was sufficient confirmation.
		If "Duars" is singular, then it's "is" and "it".
		Duars is the homeland of many a tribes-the Munda, Rava and Toto are
	www.vocaboly.com /forums/ntopic7974.html (1499 words)

	AEGiS-15IAC: Doors of risk at Duars: An ethnographic investigation of a rural red-light area in India.
		BACKGROUND: Duars-the mountain pass of Eastern Himalaya is also known as chicken's neck for its most strategic position as it shares border with four countries and connects the whole of Northeast with the mainland of India.
		In India, study on rural brothels is conspicuous by its absence.
		In this backdrop, this paper makes an attempt to ethnographic study one village brothel (Changrabandha) in Duars focusing mainly on the strength of network for spreading HIV/AIDS epidemic and assessing the knowledge gap of these CSWs with that of their urban counterparts.
	www.aegis.com /conferences/iac/2004/WePeC6229.html (390 words)

	The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL
		The Terai and the Duars on the other hand were inscribed within a discourse of unhealthiness: yet they were colonised and populated in the late nineteenth century.
		There would be the issue, in the case of Duars, which has always been understood by economic historians as an enclave economy – to understand whether and how disease breached the boundaries of the enclave- as did the management in search of labour, or the streams from one tea estate, to another.
		The migration and consequent alienation of landless labourers and peasants who functioned in an industrialised regimen within an agricultural cycle would have particular ramifications for both public health in the district and the social and cultural contexts of their diseases and health.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /histmed/people/research-students (1532 words)

	Explore Bhutan >>> Yangphel Travel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ongoing tensions began to escalate on the matter of the Bengal and Assam Duars (southern approaches), leading to the Ashley Eden mission in 1864 and on the 12th November 1864 a British declaration of war annexing the Duars.
		During the one year Duar War the Bhutanese proved worthy opponents, gaining a reputation for their military skills, personified in a successful counteroffensive led by Jigme Namgyal.
		The Bhutanese surrendered all the Bengal and Assam Duars, imports from either country were to be recognized as duty-free and the British consulted concerning Bhutan's external relations.
	www.yangphel.com /learn/history/modernization.html (1170 words)

	Birds of West Bengal Duars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Bengal Duars (or Dooars) is the gateway to the North Eastern parts of India and stretches from Siliguri in the west to Buxa in the east.
		The land is crisscrossed by some great rivers like the Teesta and Torsa and by innumerable seasonal rivers whose broad pebble dry beds add to the overall beauty of this unforgettable wilderness.
		Chapramari, Gorumara, Jaldapara, Buxa Duars are all protected forests in this area and aside from preserving nature, is home to Floricans, Cuckoo Doves, Bazas, Hornbills, Falconets and many others.
	www.kolkatabirds.com /hillbirdsofind/duars.htm (416 words)

	Species info - HTML
		Bhutan duars, collected in April (Stray Feathers 2 [1874]: 441_451), this referring to Mandelli's specimens, most or all of which could have come from the part of the Bhutan duars currently in West Bengal; Nameri National Park (not mapped), 1990s (Choudhury 2000c); Subansiri Reserve Forest (not mapped), Dhemaji district, 1990s (Choudhury 2000c).
		(1920) stated that the birds collected in the "Bhutan duars" were probably taken in Jalpaiguri district, but that they could not find the species during several years' fieldwork, suggesting that it was uncommon in the area.
		In particular, while some difficulty remains in distinguishing the region's Arborophila species by their vocalisations (R. Kaul verbally 1999), increased knowledge of the calls of mandellii have clarified that it is quite common in the forests of eastern Arunachal Pradesh (Grimmett et al.
	www.rdb.or.id /view_html.php?id=212&op=arbomand (2106 words)

	Webschooling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		They are namely the Great Himalayas, the Lesser Himalayas, and the Duars Plain.
		South of the Inner Himalayas and their foothills lies the narrow Duars Plain, which forms a strip 8 to 10 miles wide along the southern borders of Bhutan.
		The monarch is known as the druk gyalpo ("dragon king").
	www.webschooling.com /10102029125141.html (368 words)

	Bhutan - General Information
		The southern portion of the Duars is cultivated for rice, but had at one time been a jungle filled with bamboo.
		There is a broad range of Hinduism that is practiced ranging from traditional Hinduism to a combination of Buddhism/Hinduism where gods in both religions are worshipped.
		Deer and tigers are some of the wild animals found in the rugged terrain of the northern Duars.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/bhutan/bhutan.htm (1423 words)

	History of Bhutan - Keys to Bhutan
		The question of control of the Duars, a narrow tract of country extending along the foot of the lower range of the Himalayan mountains that separated British territory from Bhutan proper, rapidly wore down the goodwill established between the two countries by 18 century British trading mission.
		These developments led to the Duar War of 1864, during which the British forcibly annexed the eighteen Duars.
		By the second half of the 19th century the greatest authority in the land lay in the hands of quasi-independent, nonhereditary baronies.
	www.keystobhutan.com /bhutan/bhutan_history_monarchy.php (527 words)

	THE KATHMANDU POST - FEATURE
		Historical perspective: By 1865, Bhutan had lost to the British India authority about one third of its territory, which are known today as Duars, the plain areas bordering Bhutan in Assam and North Bengal states of India.
		To fill this gap Bhutan decided to open up the vast tracks of the foothills areas for mass migration of ethnic Nepali population from Nepal, erstwhile Kingdom of Sikkim and the tea estates in the present day Assam and West Bengal.
		The earlier settlements were individual invitees; basically artisans, traders and religious preachers, taken in the entourage of Guru Padmasambhwa or invited by the Shabdrung Nawang Namgyal for constructions of Dzongs and Lakhangs.
	www.nepalnews.com /contents/englishdaily/ktmpost/2002/jun/jun18/features1.htm (1285 words)

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