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Topic: Duchy of Brittany

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	Brittany - Gurupedia
		The Kingdom of France defeated the Breton army in 1488 and the last Duke of independent Brittany was forced to submit to a treaty giving the King of France the right to determine the marriage of the Duke's daughter, the heir to the Duchy.
		Brittany was a hotbed of resistance to the French Revolution and its accompanying anti-clericalism.
		Brittany is also known for the calvaires (calvaries), elaborately carved sculptures of crucifixion scenes, to be found in churchyards of villages and small towns, especially in Western Brittany.
	www.gurupedia.com /b/br/brittany.htm (925 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Bretagne
		The remaining 20% of Brittany is the Loire-Atlantique dÃ©partement which lies inside the Pays-de-la-Loire rÃ©gion, with its capital Nantes, which was the historical capital of the duchy of Brittany.
		Note that Vannes (Gwened in breton) used to be the first administrative capital of the duchy from 1381 till the end of the 15th century, keeping the seat of the "Chambre des comptes"?title=till 1491/99, and the one of the "Parlement"?title=till 1553, and between 1675 and 1689.
		In the part of Brittany which never spoke Breton, Gallo, an OÃ¯l language, is also in the process of being revived, as a cultural trait of that part of Brittany.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Bretagne (747 words)

	The Ultimate Brittany Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Brittany occupies a large peninsula in the northwest of France, lying between the English Channel to the north and the Bay of Biscay to the south.
		In 2004 the population of Brittany is estimated at 4,200,000 inhabitants.
		Inspired by the Scottish pipe band tradition, an analogous movement was founded in Brittany in the early second half of the 20th century, and the bagadoù (pipe bands) with their bagpipes (known as binious), bombardes, and drums are today a common phenomenon at festivals and public occasions.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Brittany (1884 words)

	Brittany,Bretagne France,French region of Bretagne,Brittany
		Brittany’s coast is both rugged and indented, composed of rocky land in the north and sandy, sun swept beaches in the south.
		Brittany is characterized by a large number of small villages, several small towns, one city and no large urban areas.
		Breton is spoken principally in the Brittany départements of Cotes-d’Armor, Finestere and Morbihan.
	www.french-at-a-touch.com /French_Regions/Brittany/brittany_5.htm (1733 words)

	Wikinfo \| Brittany
		Brittany (French Bretagne, Breton Breizh) is a peninsula in north-west France, bordering the English Channel on the north and the Bay of Biscay on the south.
		In the early Middle Ages, Brittany was divided into three kingdoms -- Domnonia, Cornouaille, and Bro Waroch -- which eventually were incorporated into the Duchy of Brittany.
		Brittany is famous for its megalithic monuments, which are scattered over the penninsula, notably near Carnac.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Britanny (278 words)

	Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Kingdom of France defeated the Breton in 1488 and the last Duke of independent Brittany was forced to submit to a giving the King of France the right determine the marriage of the Duke's daughter heir to the Duchy.
		The Duchess Anne the last independent ruler of the duchy as she was ultimately obliged to Louis XII of France.
		Brittany is also known for the calvaires (calvaries) elaborately carved sculptures of crucifixion scenes be found in churchyards of villages and towns especially in Western Brittany.
	www.freeglossary.com /Brittany (2793 words)

	Quality holiday and vacation rental properties in the Bretagne region of France. With listings of luxury self catering ...
		Bretagne (Brittany) is one of the 26 régions of France.
		Although Nantes had been the main capital of the duchy of Brittany until the 16th century, Rennes had been the seat of the parlement of Brittany between 1560 and 1789.
		Note that Vannes (Gwened in breton) used to be the first administrative capital of the duchy from 1381 till the end of the 15th century, keeping the seat of the "Chambre des comptes" till 1491/99, and the one of the "Parlement" till 1553, and between 1675 and 1689.
	www.qualitypropertiestorentinfrance.com /brittany_information.aspx (976 words)

	Moncani. Beaumont, Dordogne. Sleeps 2-4 with a Swimming Pool. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A series of royal marriages eventually brought Brittany into France and by 1532 the perpetual union of the Duchy of Brittany with France was proclaimed.
		Brittany's main attractions are her wild beauty and the unique Breton culture.
		The city of Rennes, the ancient capital of Brittany, is a good base from which to explore the highlands; sights include the Palais de Justice, the castle, the Musée des Beaux-Arts and the Musée de Bretagne, which seeks to preserve and foster all things Breton.
	www.gitesdirect.com /brittanyinfo.htm (1022 words)

	Brittany
		Brittany (French: Bretagne, Breton: Breizh, Gaellic: Bertaèyn) is the largest peninsula of France (about 34,099 km², coastline: 2,863 km) and is located in the north-west of this country.
		Brittany can be understood as the cultural area which corresponds to the old province which was split up during the French revolution.
		But after France defeated the army of Brittany in the year 1488, she was forced to marry Louis XII of France.
	www.bklein.de /brittany (537 words)

	ipedia.com: Brittany Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		(Brittany used to be known in English as Little Britain to distinguish it from Great Britain - the street in London called Little Britain was the location of the embassy of the Duchy of Brittany).
		Conan Meriadoc, the mythic founder of the house of Rohan is mentioned by medieval Welsh sources as having led the settlement of Brittany by Welsh mercenaries.
		Brittany is famous for its megalithic monuments, which are scattered over the peninsula, the largest alignments are near Carnac.
	www.ipedia.com /brittany.html (2821 words)

	Duke of Brittany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Dynastic disputes caused the political fragmentation of the duchy into counties and authority suffered even further from the pressures of resisting claims by both the dukes of Normandy and the counts of Anjou.
		The marriage of the infant Alice to Capetian cadet Peter of Dreux in 1213, began the new House of Dreux.
		Richmond became a dukedom in its own right; the Duchy of Brittany and Kingdom of Navarre were being united with France as the Principality of Wales and Kingdom of Scotland were uniting with England.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duchy_of_Brittany (1510 words)

	Duchy of Brittany (1188-1532) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The coat of arms of Brittany (herminois plain) was the emblem of the duchy.
		The Army of Brittany during the 1870 war used the coat of arms of the duchy on a white field.
		A legend says that duchess Ann of Brittany saw a white ermine that prefered to die than to spoil its beautiful white coat in the mud.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/fr-bz-du.html (1180 words)

	The Use of French in Medieval Brittany. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Latin was, of course, universally used throughout the duchy during the Middle Ages, preserving its importance in certain kinds of written record, and enjoying a revival as elsewhere during the Renaissance as a literary language.
		Within what from the tenth century was usually termed the duchy of Brittany, there is place- and personal-name evidence that Breton was at least briefly spoken as far east as the Bay of Mont-Saint-Michel on the north coast and in the Pays de Guérande at the mouth of the Loire on the south coast.
		By the 1260s, at least in eastern Brittany, French was increasingly the language used in ducal documents relating to the nobility as by the lords themselves54.
	elec.enc.sorbonne.fr /document188.html (9134 words)

	Brittany. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Brittany has remarkable stone calvaries, some built at the close of the 16th cent.
		The unsuccessful rebellion of Duke Francis II against the French crown led to the absorption of Brittany into France after the accession of his daughter, Anne of Brittany, in 1488.
		Brittany’s provincial parlement met at Rennes, and its provincial assembly remained powerful until the French Revolution.
	www.bartleby.com /65/br/Brittany.html (648 words)

	Brittany, a brief history - Compiled By Judy Drew
		Anne of Brittany dies and is succeeded by her daughter Claude of France.
		Brittany rebels against its Governor, The Duke of Mercoer, who attempting to profit from the League tries to seize the province.
		A trail of devastation is left across Brittany, with Brest, Lorient and St Nazaire almost razed to the ground.
	www.brittany-guide.com /celtic.htm (778 words)

	Loire Atlantique France-South Brittany Cottage
		There is a popular campaign to have it reintegrated in Brittany and re-become a part of the Celtic heritage; the majority of Bretons think the département should be part of Brittany.
		In 937, Alain Barbe-Torte, grandson of the last king of Brittany who was expelled by the Normans, drove them away and founded the duchy of Brittany.
		When the duchy of Brittany was annexed by the kingdom of France in 1532, Nantes kept the parliament of Brittany for a few years, before it was moved to Rennes.
	www.southbrittanycottage.com /Brittany_LoireAtlantique.htm (573 words)

	Site Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Brittany was never entirely part of the Frankish Empire although it lost land in the reorganisation of the Breton March in 811.
		The unsuccessful rebellion of Duke Francis II against the French crown led to the absorption of Brittany into France after the accession of his daughter, Anne of Brittany, in 1488 until the French annexed it in 1491.
		The 16th and 17th century were generally peaceful in Brittany, but the region, never reconciled to centralized rule, became one of the early centres of revolt in 1789.
	www.jack-travel.com /Brittany/Text/Brittany_History.htm (601 words)

	heritage in brittany : les chateaux
		Brittany has 4000 chateaux, manors and stately homes built in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance or subsequent centuries.
		From the Middles Ages, a dense network of castles was built up along the border between the Duchy of Brittany and the Kingdom of France.
		The Residences and Chateaux of the Dukes of Brittany are remains marked by the history of the Duchy.
	www.brittanytourism.com /eng/preparez/Patrimoine_Culture/chateaux.cfm (429 words)

	Celtia.info > Country > Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The population of Brittany is homogeneously distributed across the whole Atlantic coast.
		Inspired by the flag of the USA, nine alternating equal fl and white stripes standing for the Breton and Gallo speaking counties respectively, and eleven ermine spots representing the Duchy of Brittany.
		- Duchy of Brittany: Between 841-1514 Brittany becomes a sovereign Duchy composed of a Breton speaking population in the west and a Gallo speaking population in the east.
	www.celtia.info /country/brittany/index.html (1249 words)

	Brittany
		Brittany is Bretagne in French and in the Breton language, it is Breiz.
		With the marriage of Anne of Brittany, the duchy linked up to France and it was finally incorporated into France in 1532.
		Western Brittany is exposed to the Atlantic and is a wind-swept area and it’s where the Breton culture is most visible (crepes, cider, traditional costumes, and Celtic music).
	www.aparistravel.com /Brittany_page.htm (465 words)

	Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Brittany (French: Bretagne; Breton: Breizh; Gallo: Bertaèyn) is a former province and present-day administrative region of France.
		The principal city is Rennes, although the historical capital of the Duchy of Brittany was Nantes.
		French, the official language of the French Republic, is spoken all over Brittany, but the region has two other languages, both still spoken by minorities, typically in rural areas: Breton, a Celtic language related to Welsh; and Gallo, a Romance language related to the same origin as French.
	www.info-pedia.net /about/brittany (1724 words)

	"Travels Through Brittany" by Terri Windling
		Brittany is a Celtic land where pagan traditions lie just beneath, or entwined with, the Christian ones that followed after.
		Although the independent Duchy of Brittany has long since been swallowed up by greater France, the Breton people still retain a language and customs all their own -- and the land remains a vital stronghold of Celtic storytelling, music and traditions.
		Folktales of Brittany by W. Branch Johnson and Legends and Romances of Brittany by Lewis Spence are two excellent English-language sources, while Katherine Briggs, Thomas Keightley, W.Y. Evan Wentz, and Nora Chadwick all include sections of Breton material in their various works on Celtic fairy lore and mythology.
	www.endicott-studio.com /rdrm/forbrtn.html (3413 words)

	discover brittany : history
		From 1364 to 1468, Brittany enjoyed a golden age under the rule of the Dukes of Montfort during a period of material wealth and considerable intellectual and artistic richness.
		This was a first step towards the unification of Brittany and France, definitively confirmed by publication in 1532 of the edict of the Union of Brittany with France.
		A provincial administrator was appointed to Brittany in 1688.
	www.brittanytourism.com /eng/connaitre/histoire.cfm (320 words)

	Brittany - TravelPuppy.com
		Brittany is a region of France that boasts a fiercely independent culture that dates back to its Celtic past.
		Brittany’s main attractions are her wild beauty and the unique Bretn culture.
		Little or no cheese is produced in Brittany, but some of the finest butter in the world comes from here, it is slightly salted, unlike the butter from the other regions of France.
	travelpuppy.com /france/brittany.htm (953 words)

	Brittany France
		A Celtic duchy for more than one thousand years before its annexation to France in 1532, it is a land rich in culture, tradition and history.
		Built in granite rock in the English Channel, the bathing resort of Saint Malo is known for its castle, the cathedral of Saint Vincent, and its 14th century ramparts which overlook the sea.
		Located in the heart of traditional Brittany and flanked by the Odet and Steir rivers, Quimper is famous for its faience ceramics which have been produced by skilled craftsmen since the 17th century.
	www.westernfrancetouristboard.com /brittany.html (433 words)

	Province of Brittany, France
		In the 9th century, under the leadership of Nomenoe, Brittany was united, winning independence from Carolingian rule.
		In the 10th century, Brittany became a duchy with its capital at Rennes.
		In the 15th century the duchy became closely linked to France with the marriage of ANNE OF BRITTANY to two successive kings of France.
	www.discoverfrance.net /France/Provinces/Brittany.shtml (592 words)

	[No title]
		First, he led a raid into the Duchy of Brittany, at that time friendly to England, and then he spent the rest of his command wandering about in the previously conquered province of Maine.89 The next step towards the disintegration of English fortunes abroad began in 1443.
		Naturally, her neighbors--Scotland, France, the Low Countries, and the Duchy of Brittany--were very important, but the Hanseatic League, a group of towns in the Holy Roman Empire and on the Baltic Sea, cannot be ignored.
		Brittany and Burgundy came forth with a new alliance against the French, which Edward IV gladly accepted.
	www.florilegium.org /files/TRAVEL/Seakeeping-p1-art.text (7425 words)

	The Town, The People, and The Pottery 1
		The "founding fathers" of Brittany, immigrants from Cornwall, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, settled in the area in the fifth and sixth century A.D. Brittany is one of the six Celtic nations, the people of Brittany are called Bretons, and their native language is not French, but rather Breton, a form of Gælic.
		For example, Brittany voted after World War II to no longer be part of France, but the French government declined to accept the result.
		Brittany is the western-most part of the European continent.
	www.oldquimper.com /townpp1.htm (1015 words)

	Gothic Cabinet with Scenes from the History of Brittany - Item 3091 by M. Markley!
		We believe that the shields with the fleur-de-lis atop the crossed swords on either side of the front of the top section bear witness to the conflict between the Duchy of Brittany, symbolized by the ermine tails, and the Kingdom of France, symbolized by the fleur-de-lis, with the Kingdom ultimately annexing the Duchy in 1378.
		Brittany became a battleground between the two rival groups headed by Jean de Montfort and his son, Jean, and by Charles de Blois and, later, Bertrand du Guesclin, with troops laying siege to towns and cities throughout the duchy.
		While there are others linked to Brittany who spent time in prison, such as Charles de Blois and Bertrand de Guesclin, they were on the side of the King of France and their exploits would likely not be memorialized on a cabinet replete with so much Breton symbolism.
	www.mmarkley.com /cabinets/3091.html (2068 words)

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