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Topic: Duchy of Prussia

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Ducal Prussia

Royal Prussia

History of Prussia

Prussia

Kingdom of Prussia

West Prussia

East Prussia

Frederick I of Prussia

Province of West Prussia

Prussian Confederation

Hohenzollern

Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights

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Duchy of Warsaw

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	prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		From the late 18th century the expanded Prussia dominated North Germany politically, economically and in terms of population size, and was the core of the unified German Empire formed in 1871.
		Prussia greatly expanded its territories to the east during the Partitions of Poland between 1772 and 1795.
		Prussia's democratic constitution was suspended in 1932 as a result of a coup by Germany's conservative Chancellor Franz von Papen, marking the effective end of German democracy.
	home.comcast.net /~savhannahnutbread/prussia.htm (2041 words)

	Prussia - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1618 the duchy of Prussia passed through inheritance to the elector of Brandenburg, and in 1660, by the treaty of Oliva, full independence from Polish suzerainty was confirmed to Frederick William, the Great Elector.
		Prussia was fortunate to possess, at this low ebb in its history, such able and energetic reformers as Karl vom und zum Stein, Karl August von Hardenberg, and Wilhelm von Humboldt.
		Prussia was forced to send auxiliary troops for Napoleon's 1812 campaign in Russia, but late in the year Yorck von Wartenburg concluded a separate truce with Russia, and in 1813 Prussia joined the coalition against France.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-prussia.html (2064 words)

	Duchy of Prussia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Duchy of Prussia (striped) in the second half of the 16th century.
		Administration in the duchy declined as Albert Frederick became increasingly feeble-minded, leading Margrave George Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach to become Regent of Prussia in 1577.
		The duchy lost its status as a fief of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and instead remained as state of Brandenburg-Prussia, established 1577.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duchy_of_Prussia (1313 words)

	Prussia 1911
		In Prussia (1569) they obtained the right to joint feudal possession, and thus gained for the main branch of the family a claim to the Duchy of Prussia.
		As Prussia had aided the principalities of central Germany to suppress internal revolts in the spring of 1849, these countries did not at first venture to disagree with Prussia, as appears from the agreement of 26 May with Saxony and Hanover, called the "union of the three kings".
		The ability of Prussia to accomplish the difficult task of defeating the attacks of Austria was probably due to the expert knowledge and clearness of the chief representative of its economic policy, Rudolf von Delbrück, and to the fact that Hanover joined the Zollverein in Sept., 1851.
	polishpoland.com /prussia_1911.htm (14678 words)

	Duchy of Prussia 1525-1701 (Germany) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		When in 1660, the Duchy of Prussia became independent of Poland the way was opened to union with Brandenburg and thereby also the foundation of the Prussian state.
		In 1701, Prussia became a kingdom and from then till 1871, it was in a continuous stage of expansion until it came to be by far the largest German state, almost as large as all the others together.
		This crest was the symbol of the unity of Royal Prussia and the Kingdom of Poland.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/de-pr525.html (729 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Prussia
		The ruler of Brandenburg and Prussia became the son-in-law of the leader of the Calvinistic party, the Elector Palatinate, and his daughter married Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.
		On the other hand great attention was given to improving economic conditions, and gradually all the measures were used in Prussia that the genius of a Colbert had planned during the reign of Louis XIV to raise France to the place of the first power in the world.
		For a considerable length of time Napoleon tempted Prussia by holding out the hope of this acquisition, and in 1806 by the plan of a North German Confederation of which Prussia was to be the leader, Frederick William II even sought to gain territory in southern Germany.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12519c.htm (14986 words)

	PGSA - East Prussia
		East Prussia has a variety of soils: frumentaceous on the Niemen, Pregola and Warmia, sandy on the seashores and sandbars and in the powiaty of Niborsk, Szczytno and Jansbork; and there are large marshes in Labiawa and Pilkally powiaty.
		His successor, Frederick, with the Emperor's consent, declared the Duchy of Prussia a kingdom, and was crowned in Królewiec in 1701.
		The greatest defeat for the Polish population of Ducal Prussia was the division of Poland, by which Frederick II regained all the territories formerly ceded in the Peace of Torun [1466], except for the bishopric of Warmia, and Gdansk and Torun; he acquired those two cities in the second division.
	www.pgsa.org /eprussia.htm (1833 words)

	Columbia Encyclopedia- Prussia - AOL Research & Learn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Before then Prussia meant only the flat, sandy region later known as East Prussia (excluding the bishopric of Ermeland), separated from Brandenburg by a part of Poland (later known as West Prussia) and bordering on the Baltic Sea.
		However, under his rule and that of his successor, Frederick William III (1797–1840), Prussia underwent a period of eclipse as a result of the French Revolutionary Wars and the wars of Napoleon I.
		Finally, in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71), the North German Confederation overwhelmed France, and in 1871 William I of Prussia was proclaimed emperor of Germany.
	reference.aol.com /columbia/_a/prussia/20051207023109990002 (1939 words)

	PRUSSIA Maps
		Prussia was a former state in north-central Germany.
		In the nineteenth century, Prussia led the economic and political unification of the German states, establishing itself as the largest and most influential of these states, with Berlin as the capital of the German Empire.
		After Germany’s defeat in World War II, Prussia was abolished as a state, and its territory was divided among East Germany, West Germany, the Soviet Union, and Poland.
	www.rollintl.com /roll/prussia.htm (326 words)

	The Provinces of Prussia quiz -- free game
		It was included in the duchy of Prussia by Albert of Brandenburg in 1525.
		The Swedish part was ceded to Prussia in 1720 except for the island of Rügen and adjoining territory on the mainland which also was ceded to Prussia in 1815.
		It was reorganized by the Congress of Vienna and became a province of Prussia in 1816.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=192904 (473 words)

	Germany, the Stem Duchies & Marches
		The Duchy of Brunswick (Braunschweig in German) was a part of the old Duchy of Saxony (in now what is called "Lower" Saxony, as opposed to the "Upper Saxony" of the Electorate and Kingdom of Saxony and the Saxon Duchies of Thuringia), named after the city of Braunschweig.
		As the Stem Duchies formed, Thuringia was one of the first, but it had the smallest land area of any Duchy, soon became attached to Saxony (909), and did not play a major part in German politics.
		A younger son of Christian IX of Denmark became King of Greece as George I. King George's grandson is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, the consort of the Queen Elizabeth II of England.
	www.friesian.com /germany.htm (10308 words)

	Duchy of Nassau 1806-1866 (Prussia, Germany)
		As a result it was annexed by Prussia and became part of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau.
		Former sovereign Duchy Herzogtum of the Deutsche Bund [German Confederation], 4708 km² with 465,639 inhabitants (in 1865).
		Duke Adolf lost his duchy to Prussia in 1866 but inherited Luxemburg in 1890 when king William III of the Netherlands died and the throne of the Netherlands went to his daughter Wilhelmina.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/de-na806.html (837 words)

	Prussia: History
		In 1618 the duchy of Prussia passed through inheritance to the elector of Brandenburg, and in 1660, by the treaty of
		Prussia was fortunate to possess, at this low ebb in its history, such able and energetic reformers as Karl vom und zum
		The conservative face of a radical Kantian in Prussia and Russia: the case of Ludwig Heinrich von Jakob (1759-1827).
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0860564.html (1499 words)

	WHKMLA : History of the Duchy in Prussia, 1525-1618
		The Samland Peasant Revolt of 1525 was rather a demonstration of force on the side of peasants who had seen their economic and social status reduced.
		The capital of the Duchy in Prussia was Königsberg.
		In 1618, the male line of the Prussian branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty ended, and the Duchy in Prussia joined the Duchy of Brandenburg in DYNASTIC UNION.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/eceurope/prussia15251618.html (167 words)

	Dr. Vess's World Civilization Virtual Library
		Be able to trace the rise of Prussia beginning with the acquisition of Cleves.
		Having fought valiantly in the War of the Spanish Succession, the Duke of Brandenburg was rewarded and allowed to call himself "King of Prussia." His descendants would develop the modern army in Prussia, and although Prussia was the thirteenth largest nation in Europe, it maintained the third largest army.
		Home to the enlightened despot Frederick the Great, Prussia symbolized an age torn between the old and the new, advocating enlightened ideals, yet maintaining a rigid social order.
	www.faculty.de.gcsu.edu /~dvess/prussia.htm (244 words)

	Prussia in the Seventeenth Century
		The fortunes of the Hohenzollern family began to look up with the inheritance of the duchy of Cleves and the counties of Mark and Ravensburg in 1614 (confirmed 1666).
		He inherited the Duchy of Prussia in 1618.
		Frederick William allied first with Sweden and then with Poland, and in 1610 emerged with the Duchy of Prussia no longer in fief to the Polish crown.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/351/prussia.htm (263 words)

	The Rise of Prussia
		In 1618, the ruler of Brandenburg inherited the duchy of Prussia.
		This invasion led to fighting between Prussia and Austria in two wars, the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the Seven Years' War (1756-1763).
		Prussia was now recognized as a great power.
	www.cybergerman.addr.com /prussia.html (268 words)

	Kingdom of Prussia 1701-1918 (Germany)
		Frederick III, Prince Elector (Kurfürst) of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia, proclaimed himself King of Prussia in 1701, with the acceptance of the Emperor and other German powers, partly in exchange for his support in the forthcoming War of the Spanish Succession.
		Thereafter all Brandenburg-Prussia possesions were generally known as "Prussia".
		With the overthrow of the monarchy in November 1918, Prussia, like Germany, became a republic.
	flagspot.net /flags/de-pr701.html (724 words)

	Brandenburg-Prussia
		Because of the childless duke Albrecht Friedrich’s insanity became Brandenburg’s elector Johann Sigismund regent over Prussia in 1605, and eleven years later he also succeeded Albrecht Friedrich as duke whereby the historically significant union between Brandenburg and Prussia was a fact.
		Fredrich Wilhelm´s son Friedrich III’s reign 1688-1713 fall in the shadows of both his father’s and his son’s reigns, despite of that it was he who got the emperor’s permission to proclaim himself as king of Prussia 1701 whereby the Brandenburg state changed its name to Prussia.
		Friedrich Wilhelm’s greatest interest lay however in his army, which was large for a country like Prussia already when he ascended the throne, in spite of that he increased the army from 38 000 men to 83 000 and drilled it so hard so it became the best in Europe.
	www.tacitus.nu /historical-atlas/prussia1.htm (807 words)

	Westpreußen / West Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The concept of Kreis was different in pre-1806 Prussia and referred to the districts of the noble families ("Die Adeligen Kreise") as well as the Immediatstädte and royal Domainen-Ämter.
		All monarchies in Germany were abolished in 1918 and Prussia was declared defunct in 1945 by the Allied victors.
		The original (East and West) Prussia was cleansed of its ethnic German population and given to Poland and Russia.
	www.genealogienetz.de /gene/reg/WPRU/wprus.html (1731 words)

	1899: Liberal Duchy : IN OUR PAGES: 100, 75 AND 50 YEARS AGO
		1899: Liberal Duchy : IN OUR PAGES: 100, 75 AND 50 YEARS AGO
		BERLIN — The Duchy of Brunswick publishes a communiqué from the Government repudiating insinuations on the subject of the annexation, pure and simple, of the duchy by Prussia.
		Something serious must be going on behind the scenes to make the government of Brunswick thus publicly defend the independence of the duchy.
	www.iht.com /articles/1999/01/29/edold.t_67.php (87 words)

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