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Topic: Ductile iron

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	Ductile Iron Data - Section 3 - Part 1
		In Ductile Irons, which exhibit a gradual transition from elastic to plastic behaviour, the proportional limit is defined as the stress required to produce a deviation from elastic behaviour of 0.005%.
		The mechanical properties of ferritic/pearlitic Ductile Irons are, therefore, determined by the ratio of ferrite to pearlite in the matrix.
		Oxidation behavious of ferritic and austenitic Ductile Irons in
	www.ductile.org /didata/Section3/3part1.htm (6313 words)

	Ductile Iron Society. Promoting the production and application of ductile iron castings.
		Promoting the production and application of ductile iron castings.
		The main objective of the Ductile Iron Society is to advance the technology, art, science of ductile iron production and to disseminate all such information to the members.
		Research programs aimed at improving production technology, solving long standing production problems, and providing better manufacturing economies.
	www.ductile.org (113 words)

	Metal Technologies, Inc. - Ductile Iron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		High Tensile Strength, yield strength and elongation combine to give Ductile Iron a superior strength to weight ratio that adds up to more strength for less expense.
		Like most commercial cast metals, steel and Malleable Iron decrease in volume during solidification, and as a result, require attached reservoirs (feeders or risers) of liquid metal to offset the shrinkage and prevent the formation of internal or external shrinkage defects.
		This property of Ductile iron reduces requirements for feed metal as well as material and energy requirements, resulting in substantial cost savings.
	www.metal-technologies.com /DuctileIron.aspx (349 words)

	Evaluating Ductile Iron Pipe Corrosion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ductile iron piping has been used in the United States since the 1960’s for water transmission and distribution pipelines.
		By 1979, ductile iron pipe largely replaced cast iron as the predominant pipe material in the water industry.
		Most ductile iron pipe (DIP) failures are repaired by water department crews that are not knowledgeable in the proper methods for evaluating the cause of the failures.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0301713 (245 words)

	Graham Campbell Ferrum (Ductile Iron) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ductile Iron was a result of a further development on grey cast iron in the mid-1940s.
		Ductile Iron offers the designer a material which can have a very high ductility - to 18% as per international standards - with strengths superior to mild steel, or materials that have a very high tensile strength of 900 mpa (130 ksi).
		Ductile Iron is not a single material and, as such, a wide range of properties are obtained from the different microstructures.
	www.grahamcampbell.com.au /ductile_iron.asp (508 words)

	Ductile iron Information
		Ductile iron, also called nodular cast iron, is one type of cast iron.
		The unique characteristic of ductile iron is that the graphite forms into a spherical shape, instead of irregular flakes.
		Ductile iron pipe is stronger, easier to tap, requires less support and provides greater flow area compared to other materials.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Ductile_iron (263 words)

	Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association - DIPRA - Ductile Iron Pipe General Information
		Ductile Iron's improved qualities are derived from an improved manufacturing process that changes the character of the graphite content of the iron.
		Ductile Iron's graphite form is spheroidal, or nodular, instead of the flake form found in Cast Iron.
		Ductile's high degree of dependability is primarily due to its high strength, durability, and impact and corrosion resistance.
	www.dipra.com /ductile (702 words)

	External Corrosion and Protection of Ductile Iron Pipe
		In addition to considering the relative merits of uncoated cast and ductile iron pipes, the value of corrosion control measures such as bituminous coatings, sacrificial metals, polyethylene encasement, tape wrapping, bonded coatings, cathodic protection, the impact on cathodic protection of electrical insulation at pipe joints, and the value of improvements in trenching methods are evaluated.
		Ductile iron is a high carbon, cast ferrous material with a composition that is generally similar to gray iron.
		When ductile iron and copper pipes are connected, the mixed metal system may accelerates corrosion where it is connected to iron piping which acts as the anode of a galvanic corrosion cell in which the copper acts as the cathode.
	www.angelfire.com /pop/myfile/EXTDIPhtml.htm (8811 words)

	Specialty Castings - Ductile Iron Castings
		Ductile Iron is not a single material, but a family of materials offering a wide range of properties obtained through microstructure control.
		It is subjected to the austempering process to produce mechanical properties that are superior to conventional ductile iron, cast and forged aluminum and many cast and forged steels.
		Alloy Ductile Irons containing 4-6% silicon were developed to meet the increasing demands for high strength Ductile Irons capable of operating at high temperatures in applications such as exhaust manifolds or turbocharger casings.
	www.specialtycastings.com /ductile_iron.html (511 words)

	Understanding Cast Irons - Ductile Iron
		Ductile iron, also referred to as nodular iron or spheroidal graphite iron, was patented in 1948.
		An unusual combination of properties is obtained in ductile iron because the graphite occurs as spheroids rather than as individual flakes as in gray iron.
		Alloy additions may be made to ductile iron to assist in controlling the matrix structure as-cast or to provide response to heat treatment.
	www.atlasfdry.com /ductile-iron.htm (354 words)

	Specifications for Ductile Iron
		The amount and form of the graphite in ductile iron are determined during solidification and cannot be altered by subsequent heat treatment.
		Ductility and impact properties are principally determined by the proportions of ferrite and pearlite in the matrix.
		When producing as-cast grades of iron requiring fairly high ductility and strength such as ISO Grade 500-7, it is necessary to keep silicon low to obtain high ductility, but it may also be necessary to add some nickel to strengthen the iron sufficiently to obtain the required tensile strength.
	www.key-to-steel.com /Articles/Art93.htm (1736 words)

	Ductile Iron
		It is also quite ductile in the as-cast form and negates the need for long heat treatments such as those required to produce malleable iron.
		Ductile iron is often made from scrap, pig iron and recycled ductile iron.
		The main difference between ductile iron and grey iron is the morphology of the graphite particles which take on a nodular or almost spherical form after suitable treatments are made to the melt.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=797 (563 words)

	Ductile & Nodular Iron \| Business solutions from AllBusiness.com
		Overview of ductile iron treatment methods--part 2: ductile iron is made by the special treatment of liquid cast iron with spheroidising or nodulising material.
		Overview of ductile iron treatment methods: ductile iron is made by the special treatment of liquid cast iron with spheroidising or nodulising material.
		Ductile Iron: At a Crossroads," was the theme of the Cast Iron Honorary Lecture by P. Gerhardt, Rio Tinto Iron and Titanium America.
	www.allbusiness.com /ductile-nodular-iron/3082736-1.html (972 words)

	Mesa Castings, Cast Iron Foundry metal alloy products - Ductile Iron Product 2
		Ductile Iron offers the design engineer a unique combination of a wide range of high strength, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, toughness and ductility in addition to the well-known advantages of cast iron - castability, machinability, damping properties, and economy of production.
		Ductile Iron offers the designer the option of choosing high ductility, with grades guaranteeing more than 18% elongation, or high strength, with tensile strengths exceeding 120 ksi (825 MPa).
		Like most commercial cast metals, steel and Malleable Iron decrease in volume during solidification, and as a result, require attached reservoirs (feeders or risers) of liquid metal to offset the shrinkage and prevent the formation of internal or external shrinkage defects.
	www.mesacastings.com /product_2.htm (360 words)

	Pacific States Pipes
		Ductile iron pipe is not especially vulnerable to stray direct current and not at all to long-line current because of the retained electrical resistance offered by rubber-gasket joints.
		Ductile iron pipe lined with catalyzed coal-tar epoxy is proven by field experience to be especially suited to severe waste water service.
		Ductile iron pipe, because of its unusually high strength, ductility and impact resistance, has a proven history of handling all of these factors better than any other underground pipe material, thereby greatly reducing maintenance costs.
	www.pscipco.com /ductile_iron_pipe-2.html (1849 words)

	Ductile Iron
		In ductile iron the free graphite is in the form of discrete nodules or spheroids.
		The discrete form of the graphite nodules in comparison to the planes of weakness of the graphite flakes in grey iron means that the properties of ductile iron are determined more by the matrix of the material than the form of the graphite.
		Ductile iron castings have production and machining cost advantages over steel fabrications, forgings and castings within the limitations of the ductility and impact properties and have strength to weight advantages over grey iron castings where breakage is a problem.
	www.thdick.co.uk /ductile.htm (797 words)

	Nodular Ductile Iron
		For common cast iron, the main elements of the chemical composition are carbon and silicon.
		The main effects of chemical composition to nodular (ductile) iron are similar to those described for gray iron, with quantitative differences in the extent of these effects and qualitative differences in the influence on graphite morphology.
		The usual microstructure of gray iron is a matrix of pearlite with graphite (flakes dispersed throughout).
	www.key-to-steel.com /Articles/Art86.htm (1957 words)

	Ductile Iron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		We are a stocking distributor of Versa-Bar continuous cast gray iron and ductile iron.
		Ductile iron offers a unique combination of mechanical and service properties, often replacing steel castings in a wide variety of applications.
		There is also a lot of potential in using ductile iron as a substitute for high tensile strength alloyed or inoculated gray irons and bronzes, in a variety of industries.
	www.montaguemachine.com /ductile_iron.htm (200 words)

	Ductile Iron Pipe
		This Standard, in CSA format and with a CSA designation, is ISO Standard 8179-1985, Ductile Iron Pipe-External Zinc Coating, modified editorially to suit Canadian users.
		This Standard has been prepared by the Technical Committee on Ductile Iron Pipe under the jurisdiction of the Standards Steering Committee on Ferrous Metals and has been formally approved by these Committees.
		Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories for pressure pipelines.
	www.intmetl.com /ductile_iron_pipe.htm (938 words)

	Ductile Iron
		Ductile iron meets the performance requirements with lower casting production cost, compared to casting a steel alloy.
		In ductile cast iron the graphite occurs as spheroids or spherulites rather than as individual flakes as in gray iron.
		Ductile iron exhibits a linear stress-strain relation, a considerable range of yield strengths, and, as its name implies, ductility.
	www.sfsa.org /tutorials/pivotplate/Plate_07.htm (129 words)

	Ductile Cast Iron Pipe and Fittings (Dalian Dongzhan Group Co., Ltd.,China (Mainland))
		The molten iron sets into a ductile iron pipe and cooled down by water then extracting from molds according to set time strictly.
		Heat Treatment: The qualified cast ductile iron pipe is put into an annealing furnace to attain the required metallographic structure of ductile iron.
		Cement Lining: Cement mortar is lined onto the internal surface of each ductile iron pipe to prevent water from being polluted and to increase ability of transmitting water.
	dongzhan.en.alibaba.com /product/0/50019675/Ductile_Cast_Iron_Pipe_and_Fittings.html (517 words)

	Dura-Bar® Continuously Cast Ductile Iron Bar Stock ASTM A536 Grade 120-90-02
		Continuously cast ductile iron bar stock is produced in a wide variety of sizes and shapes, including rounds, rectangles and special shape cross sections.
		Heat from the molten iron core reheats the rapidly chilled outer skin, producing a homogenized microstructure that is cooled to room temperature in still air.
		Ductile iron bar stock consists of a microstructure that is made up of graphite nodules in a solid metal matrix.
	www.matweb.com /search/SpecificMaterialText.asp?bassnum=NDURA04 (540 words)

	Malaysia Ductile Iron Casting Engineering
		Spheroidal or nodular graphite iron (otherwise known as ductile iron) complying with the requirements specified in BS 2789 for grade 500/7
		A locking arrangement approved by the DGSS shall be fitted to lock ductile iron covers to the frames and to prevent rocking due to traffic.
		The specification of Ductile Iron for manhole cover and frame is complying with BS 2789 in Grade 500/7.
	www.plxf.com.my /product2.htm (824 words)

	Cast Iron Information: Dave Wright Welding - Specialty metals welding & fabrication
		Malleable cast iron is usually white cast iron which has been subjected to a long annealing process.
		Alloy cast iron can be arc welded, but greater precautions must be taken in the preheating and post-weld heat treatment to prevent the destruction of the alloying elements.
		Nodular iron sometimes called ductile iron has the ductility of malleable iron, the corrosion resistance of alloy cast iron and tensile strength greater than gray cast iron.
	home.netcom.com /~dwelding/castiron.htm (360 words)

	: : Electrosteel Castings Limited - Ductile Iron Pipes - Advantages : :
		In the initial microstructure of grey cast iron, graphite was in the form of flakes but assumed a spherical/nodular shape after the inclusion of the magnesium.
		The mechanical properties of ductile iron as compared to gray cast iron show superior tensile strength, yield strength, ductility and impact resistance.
		The use of ductile iron has grown at a rapid rate over the past fifty years.
	www.electrosteel.com /products/ductpipes/advantages.htm (157 words)

	Ductile iron castings Exporters, Ductile iron castings manufacturers, Ductile iron castings suppliers :: United ...
		As an ISO 9001: 2000 certified company, United Enterprises is one the reputed Indian manufacturer and exporter of Ductile Iron Castings to the Global market.
		Ductile Iron, being a collection of materials, it has to offer a wide range of properties due to microstructure control.
		Crack-promoting graphite flakes of iron undergo alloying process to give this ductile iron nodule.
	www.castingsindia.com /ductile_iron_castings.htm (218 words)

	Ductile Iron Pipe / Kubota
		Because our ductile iron pipes are tough, strong, and have excellent resistance to corrosion, they have come to be used in ensuring stable water supplies not only in Japan but overseas as well.
		Furthermore, out efforts have led to many developments in the field, including out FW pipe which is made of FRP (fiber Reinforced Plastic); pipe fault finding technologies; methods for restoring old and dilapidated piping; and research into water information management systems using computer technology.
		Making the most of the superior characteristics of plastic materials - their light weight, resistance to corrosion, and ability to be easily molded and shaped - we offer complete piping systems.
	www.kubota.co.jp /english/division/ironpipe/index.html (161 words)

	Microtunneling, Ductile Iron Microtunneling Pipe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		American Cast Iron Pipe Company, with a staff of research engineers assigned to the Technical Division, was committed to the development of microtunneling pipe.
		An early assessment of the primary requirements for a microtunneling pipe dictated that the pipe must have the ability to transmit the columnar load across or through the joint, and that the pipe, through its entire length, must have a uniform outside diameter.
		Compressive Strength Properties: The compressive yield strength of ductile iron is 10 to 20 percent higher than the tensile yield strength.
	www.microtunneling.com /education/Papers/ndfa9502.htm (2512 words)

	02620 Ductile Iron Pipe
		Piping furnished hereunder shall be complete with all joint gaskets, bolts, and nuts required for installation of valves and equipment furnished by others for installation under this contract.
		Ends of ductile iron pipe shall be cut with a portable guillotine saw, abrasive wheel, saw, milling cutter, or oxyacetylene torch.
		Connection of gauges to 6 inch and smaller cast iron pipe shall be made using a tapping saddle, or a tee complete with blind flange drilled and tapped to accept the gauge piping specified.
	www.wsacc.org /html/02620.htm (2820 words)

	American Ductile Iron Pipe - ACIPCO
		American Ductile Iron Pipe produces a complete line of 4" through 64" ductile iron pipe and fittings.
		We supply Ductile Iron Pipe for makeup water lines, ERW Steel Pipe for natural gaslines, and SpiralWeld Pipe up to 144'' for high-volume water circulation.
		Click here to learn how to get all three from one place.
	www.acipco.com /adip (91 words)

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